Plastic waste to liquid oil through catalytic pyrolysis using natural and synthetic zeolite catalysts

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 66-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Miandad ◽  
M.A. Barakat ◽  
M. Rehan ◽  
A.S. Aburiazaiza ◽  
I.M.I. Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Synthetic Zeolite ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Zeolite Catalysts ◽  
Natural And Synthetic

scholarly journals High Temperature Pyrolysis of Municipal Plastic Waste Using Me/Ni/ZSM-5 Catalysts: The Effect of Metal/Nickel Ratio

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Al-asadi ◽  
Norbert Miskolczi
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Coke Formation ◽  
Synthetic Zeolite ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Zeolite Catalysts ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Wet Impregnation ◽  
Manganese Catalysts ◽  
Municipal Plastic Waste ◽  
Catalyst Morphology

This work is dedicated to the high temperature pyrolysis of municipal plastic waste using Me/Ni/ZSM-5 catalysts. Catalysts were synthetized by wet impregnation. In addition to nickel, synthetic zeolite catalysts contain calcium, ceria, lanthanum, magnesia or manganese. Catalysts were prepared and tested using 0.1, 0.5 and 2.0 Me/Ni ratios. Catalyst morphology was investigated by SEM and surface analysis. Higher concentrations of second metals can block catalyst pore channels due to the more coke formation, which leads to smaller surface area. Furthermore, the chemicals used for the impregnation were among the catalyst grains, especially in case of 2.0 Me/Ni ratios. For pyrolysis, a horizontal tubular furnace reactor was used at 700 °C. The highest hydrogen and syngas yields were observed using ceria- and lanthanum-covered catalysts. The maximum production of syngas and hydrogen (69.8 and 49.2 mmol/g raw material) was found in the presence of Ce/Ni/ZSM-5 catalyst with a 0.5 Me/Ni ratio.

scholarly journals Methanol promoted naphtha catalytic pyrolysis to light olefins on Zn-modified high-silicon HZSM-5 zeolite catalysts

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (36) ◽  
pp. 20818-20828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi-tong Cheng ◽  
Ben-xian Shen ◽  
Hui Sun ◽  
Ji-gang Zhao ◽  
Ji-chang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Coupling Reaction ◽  
Zeolite Catalysts ◽  
Light Olefins ◽  
Efficient Utilization ◽  
Catalytic Reactivity ◽  
High Silicon ◽  
The Relationship

Exploring the relationship between the properties and catalytic reactivity of the Zn-modified high-silicon ZSM-5 in the methanol/naphtha coupling reaction and achieving the efficient utilization of naphtha.

scholarly journals The Influence of Process Conditions on the Chemical Composition of Pine Wood Catalytic Pyrolysis Oils

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pereira ◽  
F. A. Agblevor ◽  
S. H. Beis
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Zeolite Catalysts ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Pine Wood ◽  
Aldehydes And Ketones ◽  
Pyrolysis Oils ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Treatment

Pine wood samples were used as model feedstock to study the properties of catalytic fast pyrolysis oils. The influence of two commercial zeolite catalysts (BASF and SudChem) and pretreatment of the pine wood with sodium hydroxide on pyrolysis products were investigated. The pyrolysis oils were first fractionated using column chromatography and characterized using GC-MS. Long chain aliphatic hydrocarbons, levoglucosan, aldehydes and ketones, guaiacols/syringols, and benzenediols were the major compounds identified in the pyrolysis oils. The catalytic pyrolysis increased the polycyclic hydrocarbons fraction. Significant decreases in phthalate derivatives using SudChem and long chain aliphatics using BASF catalyst were observed. Significant amounts of aromatic heterocyclic hydrocarbons and benzene derivatives were formed, respectively, using BASF and SudChem catalysts. Guaiacyl/syringyl and benzenediols derivatives were partly suppressed by the zeolite catalysts, while the sodium hydroxide treatment enriched phenolic derivatives. Zeolite catalyst and sodium hydroxide were employed together; they showed different results for each catalyst.

scholarly journals Removing Ammonia From Wastewater Using Natural and Synthetic Zeolites: A Batch Experiment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judit Canellas ◽  
Ana Soares ◽  
Bruce Jefferson
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Synthetic Zeolite ◽  
Variable Load ◽  
Natural Zeolites ◽  
Component Solution ◽  
Synthetic Zeolites ◽  
Real Wastewater ◽  
Regeneration Efficiency ◽  
Natural And Synthetic

Ion exchange based processes for the removal of ammonium from wastewater using zeolites could be an attractive additional or potentially complementary treatment option for conditions that pose a challenge for biological processes, such as variable load or low temperatures. A range of natural and synthetic zeolites have been studied for removing ammonium from wastewater. However, the relatively low capacity of zeolites and challenges regarding regeneration have so far complicated efforts in this research direction. Here, we compare the most commonly used natural zeolites US-Clinoptilolite, UK-Clinoptilolite, Mordenite and Chabazite (using Na- and Ca- as main cation exchanger) as well as a thermally modified US-Clinoptilolite and a synthetic zeolite MesoLite in terms of their capacity and regeneration efficiency to determine whether a synthetic zeolite like MesoLite can address the aforementioned problems related to capacity and regeneration efficiency. This investigation was performed as a series of batch experiments on synthetic and real wastewater solutions. When zeolites were pre-saturated with sodium ions, we found the overall highest capacity of 4.6 meq/g for the synthetic zeolite MesoLite, relative to a range between 1.1 and 2.1 meq/g for the natural zeolites. Ammonium adsorption capacity of MesoLite with real wastewater ranged between 74 and 97% of what was observed for a synthetically generated mono component solution set at approximately the same ionic load. Our results indicate that MesoLite could be an appropriate media for ion-exchange based tertiary treatment of wastewater.

scholarly journals Catalytic Pyrolysis of a Residual Plastic Waste Using Zeolites Produced by Coal Fly Ash

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1113
Author(s):  
Marco Cocchi ◽  
Doina De Angelis ◽  
Leone Mazzeo ◽  
Piergianni Nardozi ◽  
Vincenzo Piemonte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Coal Fly Ash ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Contact Mode ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Pyrolysis Oils

The plastic film residue (PFR) of a plastic waste recycling process was selected as pyrolysis feed. Both thermal and catalytic pyrolysis experiments were performed and coal fly ash (CFA) and X zeolites synthesized from CFA (X/CFA) were used as pyrolysis catalysts. The main goal is to study the effect of low-cost catalysts on yields and quality of pyrolysis oils. NaX/CFA, obtained using the fusion/hydrothermal method, underwent ion exchange followed by calcination in order to produce HX/CFA. Firstly, thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry (TG and DSC, respectively) analyses evaluated the effect of catalysts on the PFR degradation temperature and the process energy demand. Subsequently, pyrolysis was carried out in a bench scale reactor adopting the liquid-phase contact mode. HX/CFA and NaX/CFA reduced the degradation temperature of PFR from 753 to 680 and 744 K, respectively, while the degradation energy from 2.27 to 1.47 and 2.07 MJkg−1, respectively. Pyrolysis runs showed that the highest oil yield (44 wt %) was obtained by HX/CFA, while the main products obtained by thermal pyrolysis were wax and tar. Furthermore, up to 70% of HX/CFA oil was composed by gasoline range hydrocarbons. Finally, the produced gases showed a combustion energy up to 8 times higher than the pyrolysis energy needs.

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