scholarly journals Electro-Fenton Based Technique to Enhance Cell Harvest and Lipid Extraction from Microalgae

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Zhang ◽  
Yuyong Hou ◽  
Zhiyong Liu ◽  
Xiang Ji ◽  
Di Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Cell Wall Disruption ◽  
Dry Cell Weight ◽  
Major Bottleneck ◽  
Wet Microalgae ◽  
Disruption Method

Currently, lipid extraction remains a major bottleneck in microalgae technology for biofuel production. In this study, an effective and easily controlled cell wall disruption method based on electro-Fenton reaction was used to enhance lipid extraction from the wet biomass of Nannochloropsis oceanica IMET1. The results showed that 1.27 mM of hydroxide radical (HO•) was generated under the optimal conditions with 9.1 mM FeSO4 in a 16.4 mA·cm−2 current density for 37.0 min. After the electro-Fenton treatment, the neutral lipid extraction yield of microalgae (~155 mg) increased from 40% to 87.5%, equal to from 12.2% to 26.7% dry cell weight (DCW). In particular, the fatty acid composition remained stable. The cell wall disruption and lipid extraction processes were displayed by the transmission electron microscope (TEM) and fluorescence microscopy (FM) observations, respectively. Meanwhile, the removal efficiency of algal cells reached 85.2% within 2 h after the reaction was terminated. Furthermore, the biomass of the microalgae cultured in the electrolysis wastewater treated with fresh nutrients reached 3 g/L, which is 12-fold higher than that of the initial after 24 days. These finds provided an economic and efficient method for lipid extraction from wet microalgae, which could be easily controlled by current magnitude regulation.

scholarly journals Optimization of cell wall disruption and lipid extraction methods by combining different solvents from wet microalgae

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryush Arabian
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Cell Wall Disruption ◽  
Bead Mill ◽  
Wet Microalgae ◽  
Disruption Method ◽  
Chloroform Methanol

Microalgae have emerged as one of the most promising options for biodiesel production over the past few decades. Lipid extraction from microalgae for biodiesel production as a bottleneck of biodiesel production technology was the main purpose of this study. In this study different methods of the cell wall disruption were compared. Then, two methods of ultrasound and bead mill were used as methods of the cell wall disruption. The maximum lipid extracted by ultrasound was 17.10% and by bead mill was 15.16% (based on microalgae biomass dry weight). After the cell wall disruption of microalgae, for lipid extraction, chloroform-methanol solvent combination was used as a high extraction method and hexane-ethanol solvent combination was used as an environmentally friendly method. In this regard, the effect of solvent to biomass ratio, temperature and extraction time was investigated and the optimal results for chloroform-methanol solvent combination were 8 ml/g, 45°C and 60 minutes, respectively, and for hexane-ethanol combination were 6 ml/g, 35◦C and 73 minutes, respectively. Under these optimal conditions, the highest amount of extracted lipid from Chlorella vulgaris with a moisture content of 87.50%, and ultrasound as a cell wall disruption method were obtained 20.39% and 16.41% (based on microalgae dry weight) with a combination of chloroform-methanol solvents and hexane-ethanol respectively. Also the highest extraction rates of 17.63% and 13.85% were obtained for the combination of chloroform-methanol and hexane-ethanol solvents, respectively by bead milling as cell wall disruption method

Comparison of simple and rapid cell wall disruption methods for improving lipid extraction from yeast cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 105999
Author(s):  
Anna M. Kot ◽  
Iwona Gientka ◽  
Anna Bzducha-Wróbel ◽  
Stanisław Błażejak ◽  
Agnieszka Kurcz
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Cell Wall Disruption

scholarly journals Hybrid liquid biphasic system for cell disruption and simultaneous lipid extraction from microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana CY-1 for biofuel production

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo Yong Yew ◽  
Kit Wayne Chew ◽  
Marlinda Abdul Malek ◽  
Yeek-Chia Ho ◽  
Wei-Hsin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Biphasic System ◽  
One Step ◽  
Extraction Processes

Abstract Background The extraction of lipids from microalgae requires a pretreatment process to break the cell wall and subsequent extraction processes to obtain the lipids for biofuels production. The multistep operation tends to incur high costs and are energy intensive due to longer process operations. This research work applies the combination of radicals from hydrogen peroxide with an organic solvent as a chemical pretreatment method for disrupting the cell wall of microalgae and simultaneously extracting lipids from the biomass in a one-step biphasic solution. Result Several parameters which can affect the biphasic system were analyzed: contact time, volume of solvent, volume ratio, type of organic solvent, biomass amount and concentration of solvents, to extract the highest amount of lipids from microalgae. The results were optimized and up to 83.5% of lipid recovery yield and 94.6% of enhancement was successfully achieved. The results obtain from GC-FID were similar to the analysis of triglyceride lipid standard. Conclusion The profound hybrid biphasic system shows great potential to radically disrupt the cell wall of microalgae and instantaneously extract lipids in a single-step approach. The lipids extracted were tested to for its comparability to biodiesel performance.

scholarly journals The Effect of High-Intensity Ultraviolet Light to Elicit Microalgal Cell Lysis and Enhance Lipid Extraction

Metabolites ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Thomas Sydney ◽  
Jo-Ann Marshall-Thompson ◽  
Rahul Kapoore ◽  
Seetharaman Vaidyanathan ◽  
Jagroop Pandhal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Algal Cell ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Downstream Processing ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Bead Beating ◽  
Cell Wall Disruption

Currently, the energy required to produce biofuel from algae is 1.38 times the energy available from the fuel. Current methods do not deliver scalable, commercially viable cell wall disruption, which creates a bottleneck on downstream processing. This is primarily due to the methods depositing energy within the water as opposed to within the algae. This study investigates ultraviolet B (UVB) as a disruption method for the green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Dunaliella salina and Micractinium inermum to enhance solvent lipid extraction. After 232 seconds of UVB exposure at 1.5 W/cm2, cultures of C. reinhardtii (culture density 0.7 mg/mL) showed 90% disruption, measured using cell counting, correlating to an energy consumption of 5.6 MJ/L algae. Small-scale laboratory tests on C. reinhardtii showed bead beating achieving 45.3 mg/L fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) and UV irradiation achieving 79.9 mg/L (lipids solvent extracted and converted to FAME for measurement). The alga M. inermum required a larger dosage of UVB due to its thicker cell wall, achieving a FAME yield of 226 mg/L, compared with 208 mg/L for bead beating. This indicates that UV disruption had a higher efficiency when used for solvent lipid extraction. This study serves as a proof of concept for UV irradiation as a method for algal cell disruption.

scholarly journals An alternative Candida spp. cell wall disruption method using a basic sorbitol lysis buffer and glass beads

2008 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 576-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crystale Siew Ying Lim ◽  
Chee Hong Tung ◽  
Rozita Rosli ◽  
Pei Pei Chong
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Glass Beads ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Cell Wall Disruption ◽  
Lysis Buffer ◽  
Disruption Method

scholarly journals Correlation of Daptomycin Resistance in a ClinicalStaphylococcus aureusStrain with Increased Cell Wall Teichoic Acid Production and d-Alanylation

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 3922-3928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ute Bertsche ◽  
Christopher Weidenmaier ◽  
Daniel Kuehner ◽  
Soo-Jin Yang ◽  
Stefanie Baur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Parental Strain ◽  
Teichoic Acid ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Wall Teichoic Acid ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Dry Cell Weight ◽  
Cross Linkage ◽  
Resistant Strains

ABSTRACTCell wall thickening is a common feature among daptomycin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusstrains. However, the mechanism(s) leading to this phenotype is unknown. We examined a number of cell wall synthesis pathway parameters in an isogenic strain set ofS. aureusbloodstream isolates obtained from a patient with recalcitrant endocarditis who failed daptomycin therapy, including the initial daptomycin-susceptible parental strain (strain 616) and two daptomycin-resistant strains (strains 701 and 703) isolated during daptomycin therapy. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated significantly thicker cell walls in the daptomycin-resistant strains than in the daptomycin-susceptible strain, a finding which was compatible with significant differences in dry cell weight of strain 616 versus strains 701 to 703 (P< 0.05). Results of detailed analysis of cell wall muropeptide composition, the degree of peptide side chain cross-linkage, and the amount of the peptidoglycan precursor, UDP-MurNAc-pentapeptide, were similar in the daptomycin-susceptible and daptomycin-resistant isolates. In contrast, the daptomycin-resistant strains contained less O-acetylated peptidoglycan. Importantly, both daptomycin-resistant strains synthesized significantly more wall teichoic acid (WTA) than the parental strain (P< 0.001). Moreover, the proportion ofd-alanylated WTA species was substantially higher in the daptomycin-resistant strains than in the daptomycin-susceptible parental strain (P< 0.05 in comparing strain 616 versus strain 701). The latter phenotypic findings correlated with (i) enhancedtagAanddltAgene expression, respectively, and (ii) an increase in surface positive charge observed in the daptomycin-resistant versus daptomycin-susceptible isolates. Collectively, these data suggest that increases in WTA synthesis and the degree of itsd-alanylation may play a major role in the daptomycin-resistant phenotype in someS. aureusstrains.

scholarly journals AN INSIGHT ON ALGAL CELL DISRUPTION FOR BIODIESEL PRODUCTION

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aarthy A ◽  
Smita Kumari ◽  
Prachi Turkar ◽  
Sangeetha Subramanian
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Enhanced Recovery ◽  
Algal Cell ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Algal Species ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Downstream Processing ◽  
Cell Disruption ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Cell Wall Disruption

 Objective: This review article deals with the effect that various cell disruption techniques have on the efficiency of lipid extraction. We have reviewed existing algal cell disruption techniques that aid the biodiesel production process.Methods: Current rise in demand for energy has led the researcher to focus on the production of sustainable fuels, among which biodiesel has received greater attention. This is due to its larger lipid content, higher growth rate, larger biomass production, and lower land use. Extraction of lipid from algae (micro and macro) for the production of biodiesel involves numerous downstream processing steps, of which cell wall disruption is a crucial step. Bead milling, high-pressure homogenization, ultra-sonication, freeze-drying, acid treatment, and enzymatic lysis are some methods of cell disruption. The cell disruption technique needs to be optimized based on the structure and biochemical composition of algae.Result: The lipid extraction efficiency varies depending on the algal species and the cell disruption technique used.Conclusion: In-depth research and development of new techniques are required to further enhance the cell disruption of the algal cell wall for the enhanced recovery of lipids. In addition, the operating costs and energy consumption should also be optimized for the cost-effective recovery.

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