scholarly journals Optimisation of Direct Battery Thermal Management for EVs Operating in Low-Temperature Climates

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 5980 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Jeffs ◽  
Truong Quang Dinh ◽  
Widanalage Dhammika Widanage ◽  
Andrew McGordon ◽  
Alessandro Picarelli
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Battery Thermal Management ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
The Impact

Electric vehicles (EVs) experience a range reduction at low temperatures caused by the impact of cabin heating and a reduction in lithium ion performance. Heat pump equipped vehicles have been shown to reduce heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) consumption and improve low ambient temperature range. Heating the electric battery, to improve its low temperature performance, leads to a reduction in heat availability for the cabin. In this paper, dynamic programming is used to find the optimal battery heating trajectory which can optimise the vehicle’s control for either cabin comfort or battery performance and, therefore, range. Using the strategy proposed in this research, a 6.2% increase in range compared to no battery heating and 5.5% increase in thermal comfort compared to full battery heating was achieved at an ambient temperature at −7 °C.

scholarly journals Induction Heater Based Battery Thermal Management System for Electric Vehicles

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5711
Author(s):  
Waseem Raza ◽  
Gwang Soo Ko ◽  
Youn Cheol Park
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Management System ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Induction Heater ◽  
Battery Thermal Management ◽  
Thermal Management System ◽  
Battery Thermal Management System

The life and efficiency of electric vehicle batteries are susceptible to temperature. The impact of cold climate dramatically decreases battery life, while at the same time increasing internal impedance. Thus, a battery thermal management system (BTMS) is vital to heat and maintain temperature range if the electric vehicle’s batteries are operating in a cold climate. This paper presents an induction heater-based battery thermal management system that aims to ensure thermal safety and prolong the life cycle of Lithium-ion batteries (Li-Bs). This study used a standard simulation tool known as GT-Suite to simulate the behavior of the proposed BTMS. For the heat transfer, an indirect liquid heating method with variations in flow rate was considered between Lithium-ion batteries. The battery and cabin heating rate was analyzed using the induction heater powers of 2, 4, and 6 kW at ambient temperatures of −20, −10, and 0 °C. A water and ethylene glycol mixture with a ratio of 50:50 was considered as an operating fluid. The findings reveal that the thermal performance of the proposed system is generally increased by increasing the flow rate and affected by the induction heater capacity. It is evident that at −20 °C with 27 LPM and 6 kW heater capacity, the maximum heat transfer rate is 0.0661 °C/s, whereas the lowest is 0.0295 °C/s with 2 kW heater capacity. Furthermore, the proposed BTMS could be a practical approach and help to design the thermal system for electric vehicles in the future.

scholarly journals A comparative degradation study of commercial lithium-ion cells under low-temperature cycling

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (37) ◽  
pp. 23157-23163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yakun Zhang ◽  
Hao Ge ◽  
Jun Huang ◽  
Zhe Li ◽  
Jianbo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Temperature Cycling ◽  
Degradation Study ◽  
Lithium Ion Cells ◽  
Severe Deterioration

Severe deterioration of lithium-ion cells at low temperatures constitutes one of the bottlenecks for the wide adoption of electric vehicles.

scholarly journals Development and Analysis of a New Cylindrical Lithium-ion Battery Thermal Management System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasong Sun ◽  
Ruihuai Bai
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Management ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Management System ◽  
Optimization Design ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Parameter Analysis ◽  
Battery Thermal Management ◽  
Thermal Management System

Abstract With the development of modern technology and the economy, environmental protection and sustainable development have become the focus of global attention. In this paper, the promotion and development of electric vehicles have bright prospects, and they are also facing many challenges. Under different operating conditions, various safety problems of electric vehicles emerge one after another, especially the potential safety hazards caused by battery overheating that threaten electric vehicles' development process. In this paper, a new indirect liquid cooling system is designed and optimized for cylindrical lithium-ion batteries. A variety of design schemes for different cooling channel structures and cooling liquid inlet direction are proposed, and the corresponding solid-fluid coupling model is established. COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software models, simulates and analyses cooling systems. An approximate model is constructed using the Kriging method，and it is considered to optimize the battery cooling system and improve the optimization results. Sensitivity parameter analysis and system structure optimization design are also carried out on the influencing factors of the battery thermal management. The results indicate it effectively balances and reduces the maximum core temperature and temperature difference of the battery pack. Compared with the original design, from the optimized design of these factors, which based on method of the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II), there is an excellent ability on the optimized thermal management system to dissipate thermal energy and keep the overall cooling uniformity of the battery and thermal management system. Furthermore, under thermal abuse conditions, the optimized system can also prevent thermal runaway propagation. In summary, this research is expected to provide some practical suggestions and ideas for the engineering and production applications and structural optimization design carried by electric vehicles.

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