scholarly journals Sustainable Water Supply Systems Management for Energy Efficiency: A Case Study

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 5101
Author(s):  
Izabela Zimoch ◽  
Ewelina Bartkiewicz ◽  
Joanna Machnik-Slomka ◽  
Iwona Klosok-Bazan ◽  
Adam Rak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Systems Management ◽  
Hydraulic Models ◽  
Supply Systems

A prerequisite for achieving high energy efficiency of water supply systems (understood as using less energy to perform the same task) is the appropriate selection of all elements and their rational use. Energy consumption in water supply systems (WSS) is closely connected with water demand. Especially in the case of oversized water supply systems for which consumers’ water demand is at least 50% less than previously planned and flow velocity in some parts of the system is below 0.01 m·s−1, this problem of excessive energy consumption can be observed. In the literature, it is difficult to find descriptions and methods of energy management for such a case. The purpose of this study was both an evaluation of the current demand of an oversized WSS and a preliminary technical analysis of the possibility for energy saving. Solutions are presented that resulted in improvements in energy management, thus increasing energy efficiency. The conducted analyses indicate the wide use of numerical, hydraulic models, among others, for the needs of the sustainable oversize water supply systems management in order to improve energy efficiency. Those simulations only give energy consumption results as a first step in the process of decision-making for the modernization process, in which investment costs should be taken into account as a second step. Thus, this paper emphasizes the crucial role of hydraulic models as a good analytical tool used in decision support systems (DSS), especially for large, oversized water supply systems.

scholarly journals Energy audit in water supply systems: a proposal of integrated approach towards energy efficiency

Water Policy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 1126-1141
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Pereira da Silveira ◽  
Herlander Mata-Lima
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Water Utility ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Supply Systems

Abstract An integrated procedure has been designed to identify and rank the opportunity for energy efficiency in water supply systems (WSS). The main objective is to help WSS managers to identify key issues to be treated as nonconformity and develop a program for continual improvement of energy efficiency. The procedure was built in collaboration with practitioners and implemented in a company. One of the concerns during the development of the procedure was to provide companies with a fast and user-friendly tool. Complementarily, it also complies with International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and European Committee for Standardization (CEN) standards, and is of great relevance for any company of the sector of water utility. Recommendations for enhancing the energy management in WSS are also addressed in the audit procedure. The findings derived from the evaluation of the state-of-the-art and applications have led to the identification of key issues for energy saving. The success of energy management programs will be based on energy audit and on the top managements' engagement, workers' attitude and qualification, and the financial resources available.

Better water quality and higher energy efficiency by using model predictive flow control at water supply systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bakker ◽  
J. H. G. Vreeburg ◽  
L. J. Palmen ◽  
V. Sperber ◽  
G. Bakker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Flow Control ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Supply Systems

scholarly journals Sustainability assessment and environmental impacts of water supply systems: a case study in Tampa Bay water supply system

2021 ◽  
Vol 308 ◽  
pp. 01010
Author(s):  
Shen Yizhi ◽  
Wei Minrui ◽  
Hou Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Tampa Bay ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Supply Systems

Due to the accelerated industrial and urbanization development, climate change, and increasing populations and life quality expectations, the issue of drinking water shortage has raised much public awareness. The desalination system has been widely applied to accommodate the growing demand for clean water resources despite the continuous concerns about its relatively higher energy consumption and environmental footprints. This research conducted a case study in the Tampa Bay Regional Surface Water Treatment Plant and Tampa Bay Seawater Desalination Plant in Florida, U.S. It analysed the performance and environmental impacts of conventional and desalination water supply systems on three sides: energy consumption, carbon footprint, and solid waste. Potential negative effects of both water supply systems are generally associated with surface water ecology, groundwater aquifers, coastal environment, and marine organisms. Various environmental impact mitigation plans have been proposed to prevent or restore the detriments caused by carbon dioxide emissions, plant construction, and concentrated brine discharge. Due to the deficiency in freshwater resources, desalination technology is more promising through proper regulations and regional sustainable development.

scholarly journals Multi-objective optimization of energy and greenhouse gas emissions in water pumping and treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (12) ◽  
pp. 2745-2760
Author(s):  
Iliana Cardenes ◽  
Afreen Siddiqi ◽  
Mohammad Mortazavi Naeini ◽  
Jim W. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Urban Water Supply ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Supply Systems

Abstract A large part of operating costs in urban water supply networks is usually due to energy use, mostly in the form of electricity consumption. There is growing pressure to reduce energy use to help save operational costs and reduce carbon emissions. However, in practice, reducing these costs has proved to be challenging because of the complexity of the systems. Indeed, many water utilities have concluded that they cannot practically achieve further energy savings in the operation of their water supply systems. This study shows how a hybrid linear and multi-objective optimization approach can be used to identify key energy consumption elements in a water supply system, and then evaluate the amount of investment needed to achieve significant operational gains at those points in the supply network. In application to the water supply system for the city of London, the method has shown that up to 18% savings in daily energy consumption are achievable. The optimal results are sensitive to discount rate and the financial value placed on greenhouse gas emissions. Valuation of greenhouse gas emissions is necessary to incentivise high levels of energy efficiency. The methodology can be used to inform planning and investment decisions, with specific focus on reducing energy consumption, for existing urban water supply systems.

Building Energy Scenarios for Large Water Pumping Systems

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita Gil Samaniego Ramos ◽  
Héctor Enrique Campbell Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Large Water ◽  
Supply Systems

The life quality of the world’s population and its development activities mainly depend on the availability, quantity and quality of fresh water. Water scarcity at many regions around the globe present challenges towards improving efficiency and rationalizing its use. The state of Baja California, México, is located at the northwestern corner of Mexico at a large semiarid region where rain incidence is very low (169 mm annually); thus, its water provision is also scarce. Federal and state governments have made efforts to guarantee water accessibility to its municipalities. The Río Colorado-Tijuana Aqueduct (ARCT) is a large water supply system that provides 5.33 m3/s of water to these cities. Its 6 pumping stations elevate the water 1,061 m through 147 km of pipes, canals and tunnels, and its total installed motor capacity is of 106,000 HP. Pumps are high energy consumers and represent a large fraction of operating costs in water supply systems. The volume pumped by the ARCT in 2010 was of 80.7 million of m3, while consuming 322.7 GWh annually at a cost of 23.8 million dollars. Implementing actions for the saving and efficient use of energy in hydraulic facilities is a worldwide priority to achieve rational water management and therefore national and regional sustainable development. Methodologies that improve energy savings while satisfying system performance criteria should be sought for better performance and management of the water supply systems. For building energy scenarios for such systems, it is necessary to integrate and adapt different methodologies for the simulation and assessment of behavior and performance taking in account hydraulic, electric and economic issues. This paper presents different approaches and results when these methodologies are applied for the case of ARCT.

scholarly journals Diversification of water supply

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 00006
Author(s):  
Janusz Rak ◽  
Krzysztof Boryczko
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Parameter Evaluation ◽  
Technical Structure ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Water Tanks ◽  
Supply Systems

The subject of the publication is the presentation of a methodology for determining the degree of diversification of water resources in collective water supply systems (= CWSS). Knowing the number of subsystems for water supply and their share of total water production, it is possible to calculate the dimensionless Pielou index. Similarly, the diversification indicators for networked water tanks (number and volume) and pressure pipelines of the second degree pumping station (number and flowability) can be determined. The work presents the calculation of diversification indices for selected CWSS in Poland. The presented methodology gives the possibility of three-parameter evaluation of settlement units with different water demand and different technical structure.

scholarly journals Methodical basis of the needs of water supply in rural areas in normal and special conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 00022
Author(s):  
Mikołaj Sikorski ◽  
Hanna Bauman-Kaszubska
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Public Utilities ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Methodical Basis ◽  
Supply Systems

When calculating the balance of water supply, the purpose for which water is intended should be taken into account. Depending on them, the water quality parameters may vary. Rural and agricultural water demand covers the basic types of water demand, including the population's living and economic needs, animal husbandry, the needs of public utilities, the needs related to the operation of vehicles and machinery, workshops, machines and other purposes, including the own needs of the water pipes, fire-fighting etc. The level of demand is also closely related to the factors influencing the level of individual water consumption. Taking into account the deficiencies in formal and legal regulations, the binding regulations concerning the operation of water supply systems in special conditions have been presented so far. Elements of the benchmarking study on unit water demand indicators in normal and special conditions in rural areas have also been taken into account, guided by the principles and numerical indicators for the calculation of water demand for drinking and business purposes.

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