scholarly journals A Process-Planning Framework for Sustainable Manufacturing

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5811
Author(s):  
Colin Reiff ◽  
Matthias Buser ◽  
Thomas Betten ◽  
Volkher Onuseit ◽  
Max Hoßfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Process Planning ◽  
Sustainable Manufacturing ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Planning Framework ◽  
Comprehensive Comparison ◽  
Manufacturing Resources ◽  
Influential Parameters ◽  
Specific Part ◽  
Material Input

Process planning in manufacturing today focuses on optimizing the conflicting targets of cost, quality, and time. Due to increasing social awareness and subsequent governmental regulation, environmental impact becomes a fourth major aspect. Eventually, sustainability in manufacturing ensures future competitiveness. In this paper, a framework for the planning of sustainable manufacturing is proposed. It is based on the abstraction and generalization of manufacturing resources and part descriptions, which are matched and ranked using a multi-criteria decision analysis method. Manufacturing resources provide values for cost, quality, time and environmental impacts, which multiply with their usage within a manufacturing task for a specific part. The framework is validated with a detailed modeling of a laser machine as a resource revealing benefits and optimization potential of the underlying data model. Finally, the framework is applied to a use case of a flange part with two different manufacturing strategies, i.e., laser metal-wire deposition and conventional milling. The most influential parameters regarding the environmental impacts are the raw material input, the manufacturing energy consumption and the machine production itself. In general, the framework enabled the identification of non-predetermined manufacturing possibilities and the comprehensive comparison of production resources.

Sustainable Manufacturing Processes of Building Materials: Energy Efficiency

2015 ◽  
Vol 789-790 ◽  
pp. 1145-1149
Author(s):  
Saniye Karaman Öztaş
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Sustainable Manufacturing ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Nonrenewable Resource ◽  
Transportation Energy

The increase of energy consumption has produced significant environmental impacts such as climatic change, acid rain, photo chemical smog formation, nonrenewable resource consumption etc. Considering the urgency of saving the world’s energy reserve and reduction of environmental impacts, studies on the energy consumption throughout the life cycle of building materials are crucial.In this study, it was aimed to indicate the factors which contribute the energy efficiency in manufacturing processes of building materials. The study included the energy used for raw material extraction, production energy for manufacturing of building materials, transportation energy and construction energy on site. A literature review was made. Energy use and efficiency for each process were evaluated.

scholarly journals End-of-Life Alternatives of Glass Reinforced Polyester Boat Hulls Compared by LCA

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 096369351802700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Önal ◽  
Gökdeniz Neşer
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Photochemical Oxidation ◽  
Human Toxicity ◽  
Vacuum Infusion ◽  
Infusion Method

Glass reinforced polyester (GRP), as a thermoset polymer composites, dominates boat building industry with its several advantages such as high strength/weight ratio, cohesiveness, good resistance to environment. However, proper recovering and recycling of GRP boats is became a current environmental requirement that should be met by the related industry. In this study, to propose in a cost effective and environmentally friendly way, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) has been carried out for six scenarios include two moulding methods (namely Hand Lay-up Method, HLM and Vacuum Infusion Method, VIM) and three End-of-Life (EoL) alternatives(namely Extruding, Incineration and Landfill) for a recreational boat's GRP hulls. A case study from raw materials purchasing phase to disposal/recycling stages has been established taking 11 m length GRP boat hull as the functional unit. Analysis show that in the production phase, the impacts are mainly due to the use of energy (electricity), transport and raw material manufacture. Largest differences between the methods considered (HLM and VIM) can be observed in the factors of marine aquatic ecotoxicity and eutrophication while the closest ones are abiotic depletion, ozon layer depletion and photochemical oxidation. The environmental impact of VIM is much higher than HLM due to its higher energy consumption while vacuum infusion method has lower risk than hand lay-up method in terms of occupational health by using less raw material (resin) in a closed mold. In the comparison of the three EoL techniques, the mechanical way of recycling (granule extruding) shows better environmental impacts except terrestrial ecotoxicity, photochemical oxidation and acidification. Among the EoL alternatives, landfill has the highest environmental impacts except ‘global warming potential’ and ‘human toxicity’ which are the highest in extrusion. The main cause of the impacts of landfill is the transportation needs between the EoL boats and the licenced landfill site. Although it has the higher impact on human toxicity, incineration is the second cleaner alternative of EoL techniques considered in this study. In fact that the similar trend has been observed both in production and EoL phases of the boat. It is obvious that using much more renewable energy mix and greener transportation alternative can reduce the overall impact of the all phases considerably.

scholarly journals Influential parameters for estimating the environmental impacts of geothermal power: A global sensitivity analysis study

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 100054
Author(s):  
Andrea Paulillo ◽  
Aleksandra Kim ◽  
Christopher Mutel ◽  
Alberto Striolo ◽  
Christian Bauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Global Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Analysis Study ◽  
Global Sensitivity ◽  
Geothermal Power ◽  
Influential Parameters

scholarly journals Reuse of Barley Straw for Handmade Paper Production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alma Delia Delia Román Gutiérrez ◽  
Juan Hernandez Avila ◽  
Antonia Karina Vargas M. ◽  
Eduardo Cerecedo Saenz ◽  
Eleazar Salinas-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Handmade Paper ◽  
Organic Solid Waste ◽  
Organic Solid ◽  
Spent Grain

Usually in the manufacture of beer by fermentation of barley, in both industrialized and developing countries significant amounts of organic solid waste are produced from barley straw. These possibly have an impact on the carbon footprint with an effect on global warming. According to this, it is important to reduce environmental impact of these solid residues, and an adequate way is the recycling using them as raw material for the elaboration of handmade paper. Therefore, it is required to manage this type of waste by analyzing the environmental impact, and thus be able to identify sustainable practices for the treatment of this food waste, evaluating its life cycle, which is a useful methodology to estimate said environmental impacts. It is because of this work shows the main results obtained using the life cycle analysis (LCA) methodology, to evaluate the possible environmental impacts during the waste treatment of a brewery located in the state of Hidalgo, Mexico. The residues evaluated were barley straw, malt residues and spent grain, and at the end, barley straw was selected to determine in detail its environmental impact and its reuse, the sheets analyzed presented a grammage that varies from 66 g/m2 and 143 g/m2, resistance to burst was 117 to 145 kpa, with a crystallinity of 34.4% to 37.1%.

scholarly journals Building Synergism through Cluster Strategy in Developing the Weaving Industry

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 10009
Author(s):  
Setiaji Khasan ◽  
Kardoyo ◽  
Farid Maghfuri Nofan
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cluster Strategy ◽  
Type Data ◽  
Study Type ◽  
Supporting Materials ◽  
Material Input

Industrial sector as a main drive of the Indonesian economy has a challenge to build a synergy between industrial business actors. Tnis study aims to determine tne pattern of relationsnip in tne weaving industry; to identify the cluster strategies in the weaving industry; to analyze the supporting and obstructing factors of the cluster strategy. This study uses a qualitative approach, i.e. case study type. Data in this study were collected from industries of Troso weaving. The results show that there are three patterns of relationship: cooperative, supportive and non-supportive between small, medium and large industries. Cluster strategies in the development of weaving industry are applied through inter-industry cooperation, availability of raw material input and supporting materials which indicate that the cluster has shown efficiency and synergy in production process as the majority of labor input comes from within the cluster. Local government supports, local community wisdom, locations, availability of skilled workforce and technologies become the factors that support the successful cluster strategies. While the capital, management, competition, marketing, and industrial relations are still great constraints.

scholarly journals Construction and demolition waste as a raw material for wood polymer composites – Assessment of environmental impacts

2019 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 716-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miia Liikanen ◽  
Kaisa Grönman ◽  
Ivan Deviatkin ◽  
Jouni Havukainen ◽  
Marko Hyvärinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Wood Polymer ◽  
Wood Polymer Composites

scholarly journals Is Recycling Always the Best Option? Environmental Assessment of Recycling of Seashell as Aggregates in Noise Barriers

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 776
Author(s):  
Begoña Peceño ◽  
Carlos Leiva ◽  
Bernabé Alonso-Fariñas ◽  
Alejandro Gallego-Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Noise Barriers ◽  
Noise Barrier ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Natural Aggregates

Waste recycling is an essential part of waste management. The concrete industry allows the use of large quantities of waste as a substitute for a conventional raw material without sacrificing the technical properties of the product. From a circular economy point of view, this is an excellent opportunity for waste recycling. Nevertheless, in some cases, the recycling process can be undesirable because it does not involve a net saving in resource consumption or other environmental impacts when compared to the conventional production process. In this study, the environmental performance of conventional absorption porous barriers, composed of 86 wt % of natural aggregates and 14 wt % cement, was compared with barriers composed of 80 wt % seashell waste and 20 wt % cement through an attributional cradle-to-grave life cycle assessment. The results show that, for the 11 environmental impact categories considered, the substitution of the natural aggregates with seashell waste involves higher environmental impacts, between 32% and 267%. These results are justified by the high contribution to these impacts of the seashell waste pre-treatment and the higher cement consumption. Therefore, the recycling of seashells in noise barrier manufacturing is not justified from an environmental standpoint with the current conditions. In this sense, it could be concluded that life cycle assessments should be carried out simultaneously with the technical development of the recycling process to ensure a sustainable solution.

Use of Cement Hydration Stabilizer Admixture at Ready Mix Concrete to Avoid Material Waste

2013 ◽  
Vol 818 ◽  
pp. 24-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Assed Naked Haddad ◽  
Bruno Grifo Ferreira Rossi Cortes ◽  
Ana Catarina Jorge Evangelista
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Fresh Concrete ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Source Materials ◽  
Specific Part ◽  
Ready Mix Concrete

Concrete from ready mix plant is the main raw material consumed in construction industry. A significant waste quantity is generated with fresh concrete returned to the production center due to their inadequate allocation or demand preview. To minimize the amount of this material wasted, misused, discarded, could be used the Hydration Stabilizer Admixture (HSA). This product enables stabilization of the concrete setting time until 72 h. Waste generated by the building industry is becoming increasingly focused on discussions and studies, due to great importance that this topic is achieving. Generation of this waste in the construction sector and the large representation of this sector in society is one of the main problems encountered in the reuse of waste from construction. Its characteristic, heterogeneous and unknown, however, a specific part of that waste generated in the central metering concrete, has a high potential for reuse, mainly because they come from a production highly controlled, where the source materials and the final product are physically and chemically known. This work aims to study the environmental benefits and technical feasibility of stabilizing additive hydration as a solution for the reuse of residual concrete from central metering, always under a sustainable vision of the entire process through an experimental program. This work presents results of setting time, slump test, incorporated air, compressive strength at 3days, 7days, 14days, 28days and 45 days and elastic modulus ate 28 days. The reference concrete was compared with concrete stabilized mixtures (0.15%, 0.30%, 0.45% content of HSA), both presenting the same constituent materials. The results indicate the feasibility to the use of the HSA despite the reduction of the mechanical properties of the concrete.

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