scholarly journals Concept of a Dual Energy Storage System for Sustainable Energy Supply of Automated Guided Vehicles

Energies ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 479
Author(s):  
Marvin Sperling ◽  
Tommi Kivelä
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Flow ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Automated Guided Vehicles ◽  
Storage Unit ◽  
Circuit Components

Due to the growing number of automated guided vehicles (AGVs) in use in industry, as well as the increasing demand for limited raw materials, such as lithium for electric vehicles (EV), a more sustainable solution for mobile energy storage in AGVs is being sought. This paper presents a dual energy storage system (DESS) concept, based on a combination of an electrical (supercapacitors) and an electro-chemical energy storage system (battery), used separately depending on the required transport distance. Each energy storage unit (ESU) in this DESS is capable of supplying the AGV completely. The concept takes into account requirements for a complex material flow as well as minimizing the energy storage capacity required for the operation of the AGV. An energy flow analysis is performed and further used as a basis to derive three possible circuit concepts for the technical realization. The circuit concepts are compared to other approaches from related work, differentiating the functionality to hybrid energy storage systems (HESS). The functionality of the concepts was validated by mapping the energy flow states to active circuit components. Finally, an approach for implementing the control strategy as a state machine is given, and conclusions for further investigations are drawn.

Energy Storage Control Based on Wind Farm

2012 ◽  
Vol 268-270 ◽  
pp. 933-936
Author(s):  
Xiao Dong Wang ◽  
Jin Hua Zhu ◽  
Ying Ming Liu ◽  
Hong Fang Xie
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Network Capacity ◽  
Vanadium Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Storage Unit ◽  
Energy Storage Unit ◽  
Farm System

With the increase in wind power generation and network capacity, Wind farm power fluctuations on the grid greatly. In order to improve the operational stability of wind farm grid, at its outlet to increase the energy storage system for the new environmentally friendly vanadium redox flow battery (VRB) to effectively regulate the grid power. According to the VRB equivalent mathematical model using a bidirectional DC/AC converter as VRB storage system power regulator, the corresponding charge discharge control and energy management strategy are designed , and grid-connected wind farm system with VRB energy storage unit are modeled and simulated. Simulation results show that the fluctuations in wind speed Circumstances, the VRB energy storage system can quickly and effectively smooth the fluctuations of the active power of the wind farm output, and can provide reactive support to the grid, effectively improve the operating performance of wind farm.

Energy, Exergy, Economic and Environmental Analyses of Air-Based High-Temperature Thermal Energy and Electricity Storage: Impacts of Off-Design Operation

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Hamid Reza Rahbari ◽  
Ahmad Arabkoohsar ◽  
Mohsen Jannatabadi
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Storage Unit ◽  
Electricity Storage ◽  
Energy Storage Unit

Abstract The present study presents a comprehensive assessment of impacts of the off-design operation of an air-based high-temperature thermal energy and electricity storage system on its energy, exergy, economic, and environmental aspects. Here, the effects of load variations on the mass flow rate, pressure ratio, and isentropic efficiency of the turbomachinery are considered to give the most accurate possible picture of the techno-economic aspects of the performance of the system. The results of such an assessment will be extremely useful in achieving the optimal performance of the energy storage system while working parallel with solar and wind power plants. The results prove that the system will present the high overall energy and exergy efficiencies of 91.5% and 88.16% when working at full load all the time. These indices, however, will be as low as 67.83% and 65.88% at an annual average operation load of 70% and even further lower to 34% and 32.73% at 40% load, respectively. The payback period of the system will be decreased from 11 to 23 years when the operation load falls from 100% to 80%. The environmental effects of such an energy storage unit for an energy market like Denmark (for instance) will be about 6355, 3227, and 823 tonnes of reduced equivalent carbon-dioxide when working at 100%, 70%, and 40% loads, respectively.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of PCM Spheres in Thermal Energy Storage System

2013 ◽  
Vol 367 ◽  
pp. 228-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.A.M. Amin ◽  
Azizul Mohamad ◽  
M.S. Abdul Majid ◽  
Mohd Afendi ◽  
Frank Bruno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Heat Transfer Fluid ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Storage Unit

This paper presents the experimental result of a small scale packed bed of random spheres with encapsulated PCM being charged and discharged. A vapor compression refrigerator and heated room with fan heater were used to supply constant heat transfer fluid at a minimum temperature of -28°C for charging and 16°C for discharging. Even though the temperature differences were not fixed in the experiments, the performance of the thermal energy storage is depicted in the form of effectiveness values. Different results were obtained for charging and discharging the thermal storage unit. The differences are expected to come from natural convection and super cooling. The super cooling during the charging process was as high as 6°C.

scholarly journals Cryogenic energy storage system coupled with packed-bed cold storage

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 00190
Author(s):  
Paweł Wojcieszak ◽  
Ziemowit Malecha
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Storage Unit ◽  
The Impact

Cryogenic Energy Storage (CES) systems are able to improve the stability of electrical grids with large shares of intermittent power plants. In CES systems, excess electrical energy can be used in the liquefaction of cryogenic fluids, which may be stored in large cryogenic vessels for long periods of time. When the demand for electricity is high, work is recovered from the cryogen during a power cycle using ambient or waste heat as an upper heat source. Most research is focused on liquid air energy storage (LAES). However, natural gas can also be a promising working fluid for the CES system. This paper presents a natural gas-based CES system, coupled with a low temperature packed bed cold storage unit. The cold, which is stored at a low temperature level, can be used to increase the efficiency of the cryogenic liquefiers. The model for the packed bed in a high grade cold storage unit was implemented and then compared with the experimental data. The impact of cold recycling on the liquefaction yield and efficiency of the cryogenic energy storage system was investigated

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