scholarly journals The Carbon Benefit of Thinned Wood for Bioenergy in Taiwan

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chyi-Rong Chiou ◽  
Jiunn-Cheng Lin ◽  
Wan-Yu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Important Variable ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Extraction Ratio ◽  
Land Use Classification ◽  
Forest Thinning ◽  
Extraction Volume ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
Combat Climate Change ◽  
Fossil Fuel Energy ◽  
Potential Carbon

Forest thinning is a way to make room for the growth of remaining trees, and the thinned wood can serve as a fuel for bioenergy in order to combat climate change. Using thinned wood for bioenergy can substitute for fossil fuel energy, resulting in potential carbon benefit. Since not all thinned wood can be transported out of the forest for processing, the extraction ratio (extraction volume/thinning volume) is an important variable for determining the net carbon benefit. This study investigated 52 forest-thinning sites in Taiwan. The extraction ratio was estimated to explore the benefit of thinned wood used as bioenergy. Cross analysis was adopted to find the relationships between site/species attributes and extraction ratio. The factors included age class, thinning method, land use classification, and species. Key variables included thinning volume, extraction volume, and extraction ratio. Statistical analysis was then applied to identify the significant differences. The analysis shows that the extraction ratio of thinned wood is 57.12%. The research outcomes could provide valuable information for green-energy policy making in Taiwan.

scholarly journals An Alternative View to the Global Coal Trade: Complex Network Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 270-288
Author(s):  
Soyyigit Semanur ◽  
Topuz Hüseyin ◽  
Özekicioğlu Halil
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Alternative View ◽  
Network Approach ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Topological Parameters ◽  
Fossil Fuel Energy ◽  
Coal Trade

AbstractThe role of energy for the developmental process of nations is a known fact due to being crucial input for any phase of production of goods and services. That’s the reason why countries that are rich in energy resources also have strategic power in terms of the international trade of these resources. On the other hand, it becomes important to provide energy security for countries that are resource-poor. Although green energy has become preferred one, fossil fuel energy keeps its place as one of the most used energy resources. That's why in this study it is aimed to determine major providers and users of coal as a type of fossil fuel energy resources. It is vital to investigate the structure of global coal trade structure to determine the weaknesses and strength of supply and use of coal. Network approach provides a holistic view to the system analyzed and presents more realistic (high-degree) indicators to analyze it. In this study, global trade network of coal is analyzed from 2000 to 2017 via network analysis. Changing structure and evolution of global coal trade has been revealed via some topological parameters which are specific to complex networks such as density, clustering, assortativity/disassortativity, centrality and degree distribution.

A Controlled Thermal Solar Desalination System

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 1529-1532
Author(s):  
Guang Yu Liu ◽  
Hang Yang ◽  
Guo Qiang Shen ◽  
An Ke Xue
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Solar Desalination ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Energy Consuming ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Fossil Fuel Energy

We design a controlled thermal solar desalination system that can operate at some desirable conditions automatically. The scarcity of fresh water in some regions pushes forward to the industry of water desalination. However, the existing water desalination technologies are energy-consuming and the cost is high. Here, a water desalination system is designed in such a way that the solar thermal energy is used to take place of the fossil fuel energy and the operation of the whole system becomes automatic. As a result, the proposed system is environmental friendly endowed with the green energy and the cost is reduced due to the elimination of the costly fossil fuel.

Referral Patterns for Youths Identified at Risk for Suicide by Trained Gatekeepers

Crisis ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Rodi ◽  
Lucas Godoy Garraza ◽  
Christine Walrath ◽  
Robert L. Stephens ◽  
D. Susanne Condron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Service Access ◽  
Referral Patterns ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Lee Smith ◽  
Prevention Behavior ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
And Gender ◽  
To Receive

Background: In order to better understand the posttraining suicide prevention behavior of gatekeeper trainees, the present article examines the referral and service receipt patterns among gatekeeper-identified youths. Methods: Data for this study were drawn from 26 Garrett Lee Smith grantees funded between October 2005 and October 2009 who submitted data about the number, characteristics, and service access of identified youths. Results: The demographic characteristics of identified youths are not related to referral type or receipt. Furthermore, referral setting does not seem to be predictive of the type of referral. Demographic as well as other (nonrisk) characteristics of the youths are not key variables in determining identification or service receipt. Limitations: These data are not necessarily representative of all youths identified by gatekeepers represented in the dataset. The prevalence of risk among all members of the communities from which these data are drawn is unknown. Furthermore, these data likely disproportionately represent gatekeepers associated with systems that effectively track gatekeepers and youths. Conclusions: Gatekeepers appear to be identifying youth across settings, and those youths are being referred for services without regard for race and gender or the settings in which they are identified. Furthermore, youths that may be at highest risk may be more likely to receive those services.

Faculty selection of textbooks: Key variables and the role of teaching experience

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aja Taitano ◽  
Bradley Smith ◽  
Cade Hulbert ◽  
Kristin Batten ◽  
Lalania Woodstrom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
Faculty Selection ◽  
Selection Of

Green energy? Electricity in the 1990s

IEE Review ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
David Lidgate
Keyword(s):  
Green Energy

Effect of Temperature on ADP-Induced Platelet Aggregation

1973 ◽  
Vol 29 (01) ◽  
pp. 183-189
Author(s):  
C. A Praga ◽  
E. M Pogliani
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Induce Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Cuvette Holder ◽  
Exact Temperature

SummaryTemperature represents a very important variable in ADP-induced platelet aggregation.When low doses of ADP ( < 1 (μM) are used to induce platelet aggregation, the length of the incubation period of PRP in the cuvette holder of the aggregometer, thermostatted at 37° C, is very critical. Samples of the same PRP previously kept at room temperature, were incubated for increasing periods of time in the cuvette of the aggregometer before adding ADP, and a significant decrease of aggregation, proportional to the length of incubation, was observed. Stirring of the PRP during the incubation period made these changes more evident.To measure the exact temperature of the PRP during incubation in the aggre- gometer, a thermocouple device was used. While the temperature of the cuvette holder was stable at 37° C, the PRP temperature itself increased exponentially, taking about ten minutes from the beginning of the incubation to reach the value of 37° C. The above results have a practical significance in the reproducibility of the platelet aggregation test in vitro and acquire particular value when the effect of inhibitors of ADP induced platelet aggregation is studied.Experiments carried out with three anti-aggregating agents (acetyl salicyclic acid, dipyridamole and metergoline) have shown that the incubation conditions which influence both the effect of the drugs on platelets and the ADP breakdown in plasma must be strictly controlled.

Improving Self-Consumption of Green Energy Using Linear Programming for Reactive Control of Smart Devices

Informatica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-210
Author(s):  
Alba Amato ◽  
Marco Scialdone ◽  
Salvatore Venticinque
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Reactive Control
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