scholarly journals Litter Decomposition and Nutrient Dynamics in Fire-Affected Larch Forests in the Russian Far East

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Semyon Bryanin ◽  
Anjelica Kondratova ◽  
Evgeniya Abramova
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Surface Fire ◽  
N Release ◽  
The Russian Far East ◽  
Burned Forest

Russian boreal forests hold a considerable carbon (C) stock and are subjected to frequent surface fires that unbalance C storage and ecosystem function. Although postfire ecological changes aboveground are well understood, biological C flows (e.g., decomposition in the postfire period) remain unclear. We present the results of a long-term field litterbag experiment on needle litter decomposition in typical Larix gmelinii boreal forests in the Russian Far East. For 3 years, we measured mass loss, C and nitrogen (N) concentrations, lignin and manganese dynamics, respiration intensity and enzyme activity in decaying needles, and environmental conditions (temperature and litter moisture). The decomposition rate at 850 days was 0.435 and 0.213 yr−1 in a control forest and in a forest 15 years after a surface fire, respectively. Early stages of needle decay did not differ among sites, whereas decomposition slowed in later stages in burned forest relative to the control (p < 0.01). This was supported by hampered respiration, slow lignin accumulation in decaying needles, and low peroxidase activity in burned forest. We found no direct N release, and decaying litter immobilization was more pronounced in the control forest. In the later stages, we revealed restrained mass loss and associated C release from larch litter in burned forest. Slow and delayed N release may alter organic matter accumulation, the N cycle, and regeneration of the fire-disturbed larch ecosystem. Our investigations highlight hampered C flow from aboveground litter to soil humus even decades after surface fire in a larch ecosystem. Given the climate-induced increase of fire activity, C retained in the litter layer represents a pool that is more vulnerable to the next fire event.

Tax debt as a threat to the economic security of the Russian Far East

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-242
Author(s):  
V.A. Yakimova ◽  
A.A. Orekhova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Far East ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Far East ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
Debt Collection ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
The Russian Far East

Subject. The article addresses the tax liabilities of taxpayers registered in the subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District, which should be paid to the consolidated budget of the Russian Federation, as well as the factors of the said debt growth. Objectives. Our aim is to assess the level of tax debt of regions of the Russian Far East and identify the correlation between the factors and the amount of tax debt. Methods. The study rests on methods of analysis, generalization, grouping, systematization, and the correlation and regression analysis. Results. We analyzed the level of tax debt for the entire Far Eastern Federal District and by region, identified factors affecting the growth of tax debt therein. The paper assesses the structure of tax debt by type of taxes and activity of debtors. The unveiled factors may help control changes in the size of tax debt in the Russian Far East and develop effective measures to improve the debt collection. Conclusions. The study shows that there is an increase in the tax debt in the regions of the Russian Far East, in the VAT in particular. The factor analysis revealed that the volume of sales of wholesale enterprises, investment in fixed capital, the consumer price index have the largest impact on the amount of tax debt.

New records and rare alien species in the flora of the Russian Far East

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 89-102
Author(s):  
Z.V. Kozhevnikova ◽  
◽  
A.E. Kozhevnikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Alien Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
The Russian Far East

New invasive species Acanthoscelides pallidipennis (Motschulsky, 1874) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) in the fauna of the Russian Far East

2018 ◽  
Vol 360 ◽  
pp. 25-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Kuprin ◽  
◽  
N.A. Kolyada ◽  
D.G. Kasatkin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
The Russian Far East

ON CHROMOSOME NUMBERS IN THE GRASS FAMILY (POACEAE) IN RUSSIA, WITH SPECIAL ATTENTION TO THE FAR EAST

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 29-64
Author(s):  
N.S. Probatova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Original Material ◽  
Mountain Regions ◽  
Grass Family ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Far East

The paper summarizes information on chromosome numbers (CNs) of the Grass species (Poaceae) in the flora of Russian Federation, obtained on the original material, most part - from the Russian Far East (RFE). In some species the CNs are known in Russia or in the world only from RFE, in some – from one locality or few, or from one subregion of RFE. The grass species in RFE often occur in mountain regions and near seacoasts; some species are endemics, some were studied near the limits of their geographical distribution areas. The diversity of CNs, the special features of the CNs distribution in some grass groups are discussed. The alien species are abundant in RFE, and their CNs are also involved in the study. For karyologically polymorphous species further studies are needed.

Устойчивые сорта корнеплодов в муссонном климате юга Дальнего Востока России

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.G. Mikheev ◽  
I.A. Vanyushkina ◽  
V.I. Leunov
Keyword(s):  
High Resistance ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Source Material ◽  
The South ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
The Russian Far East ◽  
Resistance To Diseases

Представлены результаты изучения исходного материала столовой моркови и свеклы разного эколого-географического происхождения по устойчивости к патогенной флоре. Для условий Дальнего Востока созданы высокопродуктивные, устойчивые к патогенам сорта и гибриды столовых корнеплодов.The article presents the results of the study of the source material of table carrots and beets of different ecological and geographical origin for resistance to diseases. Geniuses for breeding of high-productive variety samples of root crops with rather high resistance to diseases in the conditions of the South of the Russian Far East are revealed.

Revision of the higher syntaxa of meadows in the Russian Far East

2009 ◽  
pp. 37-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. B. Ermakov ◽  
P. V. Krestov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Moisture Regime ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Northern Asia ◽  
Gentiana Scabra ◽  
Diagnostic Species ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Sedum Aizoon ◽  
The Russian Far East

A revision of the higher syntaxa of meadows of the Russian Far East has been made on the basis of results of ecological, phytocoenotic and chorological analyses of associations and higher units published by M. Achty­amov (1985, 1987а, б, 1995, 2000) and G. Dymina (1980, 1985). Conceptual basis for existing syn­taxo­nomic system of the meadows and leading diagnostic features of syntaxa have been reviewed. Authors propose to include all diverse Daurian-Manchurian meadows into two different classes. Hygro-mesic meadow communities of bogged flood-plane habitats with excessive moisture supported by subterranean waters have been included in the class Cala­magros­tietea langsdorffii Mirkin in Achtyamov et al. 1985. Diagnostic species are Anemonidium dichotomum, Calamagrostis langsdorffii, Caltha membran acea, Carex appendiculata, C. schmidtii, Filipendula pal­mata, Fimbripetalum radians, Galium davuricum, Iris laevigata. Lathyrus pilosus, Lysimachia davurica, Sanguisorba parviflora, Saussurea amurensis, Spiraea salicifolia, Stachys aspera, Nomenclature type of the class is the order Calamagrostietalia langsdorffii Achtyamov et al. 1985. Drought-tolerant xero-mesic meadows of zonal sites with fluctuating moisture regime supported by monsoon climate have been included in the class Arundinello anomalae—Agros­tie­tea trinii cl. nova hoc loco. Nomenclature type of the class is the order Artemisietalia mandshuricae Achtya­mov et al. 1985. Diagnostic species are: ­Aco­nogonon divaricatum, Adenophora pereskiifolia, A. ver­ticillata, Agrostis trinii, Artemisia desertorum, A. integrifolia, A. stenophylla, Arundinella anomala, Aster tataricus, Campanula cephalotes, Carex diplasio­carpa, Dianthus chinensis, Eupatorium lindleyanum, Galium verum, Gentiana scabra, Geranium vlassowia­num, Hemero­callis minor, Iris ensata, Lathyrus quin­quener­vius, Lupinaster pentaphyllus, Patrinia sca­biosi­folia, Poten­til­la fragarioides, Ptarmica acu­mi­nata, Ranunculus japonicus, Sedum aizoon, Serratula manshurica, Tha­lictrum amurense, Trommsdorfia cilia­ta, Vicia amoena, V. pseudorobus. The ranges of both classes are concen­trated in the Manchurian floristic province of Northern Asia, in regions with obvious Pacific and Sub-Pacific climatic regimes. Their western geographical limits run near the Yablonovy mountain ridge in the Eastern part of Baikal region. Westward, the Arundinello ano­malae—Agrostietea trinii and Calamagrostietea langs­dorffii are replaced by Euro­pean-Siberian meadows of the Molinio—Arrhe­na­theretea.

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