scholarly journals Systematic Review of Bird Response to Privately-Owned, Managed Pine Stands in the Southeastern U.S.

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 442
Author(s):  
Kristine O. Evans ◽  
Angela Larsen-Gray ◽  
Darren Miller ◽  
Craig Loehle
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Avian Communities ◽  
Vegetative Cover ◽  
Pinus Spp ◽  
Privately Owned

The southeastern U.S. is widely known as a bastion of privately-owned, managed pine (Pinus spp.) forests, comprised primarily of native pine species. The region supports high levels of biodiversity, but also a multi-billion-dollar forest products economy critical to socioeconomic stability of rural areas. We conducted a systematic review of studies focused exclusively on avifaunal associations within privately-owned, managed pine landscapes in the southeastern U.S. We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis framework to examine all available studies that evaluated aspects of avian diversity, abundance, and community composition across a suite of forest types, stand ages, and forest management practices within southeastern managed pine systems in the last 70 years. We screened 160 records through primary database searches, and 1696 secondary records from supplemental searches and other sources, and identified 103 relevant articles for inclusion. As expected, although there is no single forest management practice that best provides for avian communities, we found practices that: (1) involve prudent site preparation; (2) promote forest thinning and intermediate management practices; (3) provide non-pine vegetative cover; (4) supply fine- and meso-filter resources such as retained snags and coarse woody debris; and (5) promote heterogeneity in cover types, largely enhanced value of southeastern managed pine systems to avian communities. Overall, it appears that avian communities can be best maintained by providing a diverse mosaic of forest conditions in managed pine landscapes. Key research gaps include improving understanding avian population demographics, such as survival, reproduction, and dispersal.

scholarly journals Modelling Non-timber Forest Products for Forest Management Planning in Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-322
Author(s):  
Jari Miina ◽  
Mikko Kurttila ◽  
Rafael Calama ◽  
Sergio de-Miguel ◽  
Timo Pukkala
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Joint Production ◽  
Forest Owners ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Forest Management Planning ◽  
Forest Management Practices ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products

Abstract Purpose of Review The increased popularity and commercial use of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) calls for the development of models for NTFPs to include their predicted yields in forest management planning and to evaluate the potential of multi-functional forest management. This study assesses and discusses the current state of the art and trends in NTFP yield modelling in Europe and the integration of the models in multi-functional forest management planning at different spatial scales. Recent Findings Climate-sensitive empirical yield models already exist not only for a variety of NTFPs that are economically important to forest owners (e.g. cork and pine nuts) but also for wild-gathered berries and mushrooms, the harvesting of which cannot be controlled by the forest landowner in all European countries. Several studies on multi-functional forest management planning consider the economic profitability of the joint production of timber and NTFP. Harvesting NTFPs can create significant additional incomes for forest owners, compared with timber production only. However, maximizing the economic returns from the joint production of timber and NTFPs often calls for changes in forest management practices. Summary Continued efforts in modelling and predicting the yields of NTFPs have enabled forest managers to further expand the analyses of multi-functional forest planning and management in Europe. Climate-sensitive models also allow analyses on the potential effects of climate change on NTFP yields. New models and forest management practices are still needed for tree fruits, birch sap, a wider variety of wild edible mushrooms, specialty mushrooms cultivated on live trees as well as medicinal and edible forest herbs harvested for commercial value in Europe.

scholarly journals Tree rings reveal signs of Europe’s sustainable forest management long before the first historical evidence

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Muigg ◽  
Georgios Skiadaresis ◽  
Willy Tegel ◽  
Franz Herzig ◽  
Paul J. Krusic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
First Millennium ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Coppice With Standards

AbstractTo satisfy the increasing demand for wood in central Europe during medieval times, a new system of forest management was developed, one far superior to simple coppicing. The adoption of a sophisticated, Coppice-with-Standards (CWS) management practice created a two-storey forest structure that could provide fuelwood as well as construction timber. Here we present a dendrochronological study of actively managed CWS forests in northern Bavaria to detect the radial growth response to cyclical understorey harvesting in overstorey oaks (Quercus sp.), so-called standards. All modern standards exhibit rapid growth releases every circa 30 years, most likely caused by regular understorey management. We further analyse tree-ring width patterns in 2120 oak timbers from historical buildings and archaeological excavations in southern Germany and north-eastern France, dating between 300 and 2015 CE, and succeeded in identifying CWS growth patterns throughout the medieval period. Several potential CWS standards even date to the first millennium CE, suggesting CWS management has been in practice long before its first mention in historical documents. Our dendrochronological approach should be expanded routinely to indentify the signature of past forest management practices in archaeological and historical oak wood.

scholarly journals Multifunctionality of Forests: A White Paper on Challenges and Opportunities in China and Germany

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 266 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Philipp Benz ◽  
Shaolin Chen ◽  
Shuangren Dang ◽  
Matthias Dieter ◽  
Eric R. Labelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Forest Policy ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Economic Evaluations ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Forest Management Practices ◽  
China Forestry

Both in Germany and in China, there is strong expertise regarding the different aspects of forest management, as well as forest products management. Nevertheless, forestry in both countries is facing challenges, some of which are regional, but many of which are shared. Therefore, experts from both countries (Technical University of Munich Germany; Northwest A&F University Yangling, China; Forestry Academy of Shaanxi, China; Thünen Institut, Germany; FEDRC GIZ Forest Policy Facility (Forestry Economics Development and Research Center of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit GmbH), Germany; and Center for Natural Forest Protection in Shaanxi, China) met to share their knowledge and deduce recommendations for future multifunctional forest management for the temperate zone. The workshop, held at the Northwest A&F University in September 2018, included presentations and intensive discussions, as well as a field tour. The results of the workshop that are summarized in this white paper are meant to provide an overview of the multi-faceted nature of the topic for interested scientists and forest practitioners, describe tools that can be used to analyze various aspects of multifunctionality and, in an exemplary fashion, highlight gathered experience from long- and short-term experiments. Included are social demands, economic goals, and scientific baselines. The topics reach from economic evaluations of forest ecosystem services over forest management practices, including afforestation, restoration, and preparations to face climate change, to wood/forest products utilization and participation of local people for poverty reduction. Overall, an optimistic picture emerges, showing that by using adapted forest management practices, which try to embrace the concept of multifunctionality, various use schemes and demands can be integrated at single sites, allowing us to achieve both environmental protection and productive forests, including societal demands, as well as aspects of tradition and national identity.

scholarly journals The Effects of Forest Management Activities on Genetic Diversity of Forest Trees

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-118
Author(s):  
Subash Gautam ◽  
Sachin Timilsina ◽  
Manish Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Forest Trees ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Forest Management Practices ◽  
Research Activities

Genetic diversity helps to survive forest trees in several environmental changes and disease conditions. Different forest management activities such as harvesting, thinning, natural or artificial regeneration, seedlings or coppice forests, fragmentation, and overexploitation have a tremendous influence on the genetic diversity and population structure of forest trees. This paper aimed to review the impacts of these activities on the genetic diversity of forest trees. For this, we reviewed several scientific literature related to forest management practices that affect genetic diversity. Altogether,75 papers were reviewed, interpreted, and evaluated to prepare our final manuscript. The result of this study recommends that the level of genetic impacts varies with management activities, stand structure as well as species characteristics. There is very limited information about the impacts of forest management practices on the genetic diversity of forest trees since it is only focused on the growth of stands. The field research activities for species-specific must be executed considering ecological and reproductive parameters to assure sustainable forest ecosystems. Hence, this review will be beneficial for forest conservationists, researchers, and managers for the management of forests through better forest management activities preserving a genetic pool of the forest trees, and sustainable utilization of forest products.  

scholarly journals Joint forest management in India: implications and opportunities for women’s participation in community resource management

SURG Journal ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-37
Author(s):  
Sophie Anne Maksimowski
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Joint Forest Management ◽  
Community Resource ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Community Resource Management

In recent years, state decentralization of control over community resource management has been increasing on a global scale. This process is largely intended to compensate for bureaucratic inefficiencies through the involvement of local users in state conservation efforts. Since India established its National Forest Policy of 1988, such a shift has occurred in natural resource management from the national to the local level. During the 1990’s this process of decentralization was accelerated under India’s Joint Forest Management (JFM) Policy. This paper examines the implications of JFM in involving local stakeholders with forest management practices, and specifically, women’s role within JFM and the degree of their participation within village forest institutions. Women are the primary collectors of forest products in rural India, and it is recognized that as a forest-dependent group, they ought to be involved in decision-making within these institutions for the sustainability of village livelihoods and conservation efforts. The success of JFM programs in this regard requires that a greater role for women be established through a gender policy within JFM. Both within and outside of state policy, measures to enhance women’s participation must take into account social relations and structures that perpetuate women’s exclusion, and identify ways through which these structures can be transformed. Ultimately, promoting women’s empowerment and livelihood rights and opportunities are essential preconditions to their effective participation.

Sustainable forest management and forest products industry development in Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-218
Author(s):  
Y.S. Rawat ◽  
A.T. Tekleyohannes
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Forest Products Industry ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Science And Education ◽  
Wood Consumption

The objective of this study was to examine existing knowledge on forest products development and to promote sustainable forest management in Ethiopia. Furthermore, the paper aimed to assess the development and status of Ethiopia's forest products industry in terms of resource base, manufacturing and marketing. It was found that the current annual fuelwood consumption is about 133M m3, with 90% of cooking energy obtained from woody biomass. Wood consumption for primary and secondary forest products manufacturing is expected to increase from the current 112M m3 to 158M m3 by 2033. This review reveals that the development and innovation of a sustainable forest products industry in Ethiopia should balance the production and ecological functions of forest resources. To meet Ethiopia's primary and secondary forest products needs, it is recommended that a clear policy framework be advanced and promoted, including wood technology, forest science and education, silviculture, and post-plantation management practices.

scholarly journals Scientific Forest Management Practice in Nepal: Critical Reflections from Stakeholders’ Perspectives

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishnu Hari Poudyal ◽  
Tek Maraseni ◽  
Geoff Cockfield
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Community Forest ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Forest Management Practice ◽  
The Government ◽  
Forest Users ◽  
Context Specific

Design and application of context-specific forest management practices with the participation of key stakeholders plays a significant role in sustainable forest management outcomes. However, key forestry stakeholders often hold different, and sometimes conflicting, expectations in relation to forest management policies and management objectives. Applying the triple-perspective typology of stakeholder theory, this paper assessed the evolution of “Scientific Forest Management” (SciFM), a signature programme of the Nepalese Government, as well as its policy processes and explored compatibility, complexity, cost and relative advantages of the adoption of SciFM. The government believes that without this programme, Nepal is losing 91 Million US Dollar (USD) per year. This study revealed that participation of key stakeholders remained contested from the beginning of its implementation, primarily due to differences they held in understanding and interpretation of SciFM. Although stakeholders’ views converged on the potential role of SciFM to increase forest product supply and the domination of timber-centric management, their perspectives differed in nomenclature and implementation modality of SciFM. Primarily, the community forest users and their networks did not own the concept from the beginning, as they were suspicious of recentralization and bureaucratic dominance in forest governance through SciFM. Since historically ingrained skepticism in both government officials and community forest users’ networks towards each other has negatively influenced the trust-building environment, the management of stakeholders’ relations through frequent and meaningful deliberations, and the simplification of bureaucratic procedures in implementation and capacity development of key actors could be instrumental in achieving SciFM objectives.

scholarly journals Community forestry and livelihood linkages: A case of Kamalamai community forest, Dolakha, Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Saroj Adhikari ◽  
Man Kumar Dhamala
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
International Development ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Physical Capital ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Community Forest ◽  
Scoring Method ◽  
The Impact

As a result of institutional failure of the nationalization of forest in 1957 A.D., a newer concept of participatory forest management was introduced in Nepal and local people got their space created in forest management during 1970s with a view to mitigating forest cover loss. Under this scheme Kamalmai Community Forest (129.59 hectares) located in Laduk VDC of Dolakha District was handed over to the community in 2000 A.D. The present study was conducted during February, 2014 to assess the status of forest management strategies and impact on livelihood of forest dependent people. Management aspect of the forest was assessed based on field observation, Key Informant Interview and Focus Group Discussion, whereas judgmental scoring method was used to assess the impact on livelihood; the questionnaire for which was prepared on the basis of Sustainable Livelihood Framework Guidance Sheet developed by Department for International Development (DFID), 1999. All the forest management practices including control of composition and structure of growing stock, and harvesting and distribution of forest products were strictly implemented. The total average scores for human, physical, social, financial and natural capitals, which were used to assess the livelihood, were found to be 2.5862, 1.4310, 2.5689, 0.2068 and 2.6896 respectively. The result illustrated that the forest under study had contributed to enhance the condition of human, social and natural capitals. The contribution was noticeable in terms of physical capital, but financial capital was not found satisfactory. Since the handover, there has been a notable change in greenery and landscape as well as on livelihood of forest dependent people.

Response of ectomycorrhizal community structure to gap opening in natural and managed temperate beech-dominated forests

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 1375-1386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tine Grebenc ◽  
Morten Christensen ◽  
Urša Vilhar ◽  
Matjaž Čater ◽  
María P. Martín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Community ◽  
Soil Biodiversity ◽  
Closed Canopy ◽  
The Impact

Data on the impact of forest management practices on ectomycorrhizal community structure remains fragmentary and mainly originates from studies in northern coniferous forests. This study focuses on a comparison of ectomycorrhizal communities between canopy gaps and closed canopy areas within natural and managed beech-dominated forests at four locations in Europe. We used high resolution rDNA techniques to identify ectomycorrhiza-forming fungi and attempted to extract potential stand-, gap-, soil-, and selected environmentally derived variables by applying multivariate analysis and ordination for pooling of ecological groups of ectomycorrhiza. A significant reduction of diversity indices, ectomycorrhizal and fine root dynamics, in gaps in comparison with closed canopy stands indicates an effect of forest management practice and the high importance of maintaining and protecting natural forest areas for conservation of soil biodiversity and forest genetic resources. The ordination analysis revealed three groups of ectomycorrhiza correlated with changing environmental conditions. The litter and soil pH, number of beech seedlings, and presence of a gap had a pronounced effect on the ectomycorrhizal community. Combined analysis of ectomycorrhiza and environmental factors using correspondence analysis provided an insight into the ecological preferences of the analysed species and confirmed that environmental factors drive ectomycorrhizal community changes.

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