scholarly journals Opposing Ecological Strategies Together Promote Biomass Carbon Storage in Homegardens Agroforestry of Southern Bangladesh

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1669
Author(s):  
Md Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Gauranga Kumar Kundu ◽  
Md Enamul Kabir ◽  
Heera Ahmed ◽  
Ming Xu
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Functional Composition ◽  
Aboveground Carbon ◽  
Aboveground Carbon Storage

Exploration of the biodiversity–environmental factors–carbon storage relationships have been a central research question in the changing global climate over the last few decades. However, in comparison to other forest ecosystems, very few studies have been conducted in homegarden agroforestry plantations, which have a tremendous capacity to battle global climate change sustainably. We hypothesized that (i) soil organic matter content has both a direct and indirect effect on aboveground carbon storage through species richness, structural diversity, functional diversity (FD) and functional composition (FC); (ii) some facets of diversity (structural diversity, FD and FC) would be more important in linking species richness to aboveground carbon; (iii) species richness, FC, structural diversity and FD would have a positive impact on aboveground carbon storage (AGC) after considering the effect of soil fertility; and (iv) FC would have a greater effect on AGC than the other three components of biodiversity. These hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling with field data obtained from 40 homesteads in southwestern Bangladesh. We observed that species richness, FC of maximum canopy height and structural diversity had significant effects on AGC, while soil organic matter and FD of wood density had an insignificant effect. Among the four biodiversity components, the structural diversity had a greater influence on AGC. Contrary to our hypothesis, soil fertility and species richness did not have a significant indirect effect on AGC through their mediators. These four components of biodiversity, along with soil organic matter together explained 49% of the variance in AGC. Our findings indicate that both niche complementarity and selection effects regulate AGC in homegardens, where the former theory had stronger control of AGC in homegardens. Therefore, we need to maintain not only the species diversity but also structural diversity (DBH) and functional composition (canopy height) for enhancing aboveground carbon storage on a sustainable basis in homegardens and other restoration programs under nature-based solution.

Stand structural diversity and species with leaf nitrogen conservative strategy drive aboveground carbon storage in tropical old-growth forests

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genzhu Wang ◽  
Yuguo Liu ◽  
Xiuqin Wu ◽  
Danbo Pang ◽  
Xiao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Elevation Gradients ◽  
Niche Complementarity ◽  
Aboveground Carbon ◽  
Old Growth Forest ◽  
Stand Structural Diversity ◽  
Aboveground Carbon Storage

Abstract Background: Tropical old-growth forest ecosystems are essential for global carbon regulation. Even there are mounting evidences for the significance of species and functional composition, stand structure and elevation gradients on aboveground carbon storage, the relative strengths of these drivers and whether elevation effects via biotic factors are not clear. Furthermore, the mechanisms (the mass-ratio hypothesis or niche complementarity hypothesis) are still poorly understood. Methods: We analyzed aboveground carbon storage, species diversity, stand structural diversity, community-weighted mean (CWM) of functional traits and functional diversity (FDvar) using date from 56 old-growth forest communities with different elevation gradients in Dawei mountain of southwestern China. Multiple regression models were used to test the relative importance of the predictor variables and structural equation model was used to explore the direct and indirect influences on the aboveground carbon storage. Results: Our optimal multiple regression model show aboveground carbon storage is mostly affected by diameter at breast height (DBH) diversity, followed by FDvar of dry matter concentration in mature leaves and CWM nitrogen concentration in young leaves. The final structural equation model indicates elevation indirectly affected aboveground carbon storage via DBH diversity. The stand structural diversity, but not species diversity or functional diversity, enhanced aboveground carbon storage. Conclusions: Our results indicate mass-ratio and niche complementarity effect promote aboveground carbon storage simultaneously. The complex stand structure and species with leaf nitrogen conservative strategy were the crucial drivers of aboveground carbon storage in tropical old-growth forests.

scholarly journals Stand Structural Diversity and Species with Leaf Nitrogen Conservation Drive Aboveground Carbon Storage in Tropical Old-Growth Forests

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 994
Author(s):  
Genzhu Wang ◽  
Yuguo Liu ◽  
Xiuqin Wu ◽  
Danbo Pang ◽  
Xiao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Niche Complementarity ◽  
Aboveground Carbon ◽  
Old Growth Forests ◽  
Stand Structural Diversity ◽  
Aboveground Carbon Storage

Tropical old-growth forests are essential for global carbon regulation. Although there is increasing evidence that species and functional diversity, stand structural diversity, functional compositions, and elevation play roles in ecosystem functioning, the relative strengths of these drivers and the underlying mechanisms (mass-ratio hypothesis or niche complementarity hypothesis) are not clear. Aboveground carbon storage, species diversity, stand structural diversity, community-weighted mean (CWM), and functional diversity (FDvar) of 12 leaf traits were analyzed using data from 56 old-growth forest communities in the Dawei Mountain area of Southwest China. Multiple regression models were used to test the relative importance of the predictor variables and the structural equation model was used to explore the direct and indirect influences on aboveground carbon storage. High structural diversity moderately enhanced aboveground carbon storage. CWM leaf nitrogen concentration in young leaves weakly affected aboveground carbon storage. Our final multiple regression model showed that aboveground carbon storage is mostly affected by diameter at breast height (DBH) diversity, followed by FDvar of dry matter concentration in mature leaves and CWM nitrogen concentration in young leaves. The structural equation model indicated that elevation negatively affects aboveground carbon storage via diameter at breast height (DBH) diversity. Our results suggest that niche complementarity effects moderately drive aboveground carbon storage in tropical old-growth forests, but do not fully support the importance of the mass-ratio hypothesis.

scholarly journals Stand structural diversity and species with leaf nitrogen conservative strategy drive aboveground carbon storage in tropical old-growth forests

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genzhu Wang ◽  
Yuguo Liu ◽  
Xiuqin Wu ◽  
Danbo Pang ◽  
Xiao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Elevation Gradients ◽  
Niche Complementarity ◽  
Aboveground Carbon ◽  
Old Growth Forest ◽  
Stand Structural Diversity ◽  
Aboveground Carbon Storage

Abstract Background: Tropical old-growth forest ecosystems are essential for global carbon regulation. Even there are mounting evidences for the significance of species and functional composition, stand structure and elevation gradients on aboveground carbon storage, the relative strengths of these drivers and whether elevation effects via biotic factors are not clear. Furthermore, the mechanisms (the mass-ratio hypothesis or niche complementarity hypothesis) are still poorly understood.Methods: We analyzed aboveground carbon storage, species diversity, stand structural diversity, community-weighted mean (CWM) of functional traits and functional diversity (FDvar) using date from 56 old-growth forest communities with different elevation gradients in Dawei mountain of southwestern China. Multiple regression models were used to test the relative importance of the predictor variables and structural equation model was used to explore the direct and indirect influences on the aboveground carbon storage.Results: Our optimal multiple regression model show aboveground carbon storage is mostly affected by diameter at breast height (DBH) diversity, followed by FDvar of dry matter concentration in mature leaves and CWM nitrogen concentration in young leaves. The final structural equation model indicates elevation indirectly affected aboveground carbon storage via DBH diversity. The stand structural diversity, but not species diversity or functional diversity, enhanced aboveground carbon storage.Conclusions: Our results indicate mass-ratio and niche complementarity effect promote aboveground carbon storage simultaneously. The complex stand structure and species with leaf nitrogen conservative strategy were the crucial drivers of aboveground carbon storage in tropical old-growth forests.

scholarly journals Estimation and economic evaluation of aboveground carbon storage of Tectona grandis plantations in Western Panama

New Forests ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Derwisch ◽  
Luitgard Schwendenmann ◽  
Roland Olschewski ◽  
Dirk Hölscher
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Aboveground Carbon ◽  
Aboveground Carbon Storage

Plant species richness mediates the effects of vegetation structure, but not soil fertility, on insect gall richness in a savanna in Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Santos de Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Plant Species Richness ◽  
Plant Abundance ◽  
Insect Galls ◽  
Insect Gall

Abstract:The present study aims to investigate the effects of vegetation structure (plant abundance and height) and soil characteristics (soil organic matter and macronutrients) on insect gall richness, and determine the extent to which these effects are mediated by the indirect effects of plant species richness. The study was performed in forty-nine 100-m2 savanna plots in Parque Nacional das Emas (Brazil) and sampled a total of 985 individual plants of 71 plant species and 97 insect gall morphotypes. Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) induced the most insect galls (38.1%), and the plant family Myrtaceae had the greatest richness of insect gall morphotypes (16). Path analysis of plant abundance, plant height, soil macronutrients, soil organic matter and plant species richness explained 73% of insect gall richness. The results show that soil macronutrient quantity has a direct positive effect on insect gall richness, whereas plant abundance and plant height had only indirect positive effects on insect gall richness via the increase in plant species richness. These findings showed that both plant-related and environment-related factors are important to induce insect gall richness in Neotropical savannas, and that plant species richness should be taken into account to determine the richness of insect galls.

scholarly journals Estimasi Karbon Tersimpan pada Nekromassa Tumbuhan di Rawa Lebak Kecamatan Martapura, Kalimantan Selatan

BIOSCIENTIAE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Siam Melina ◽  
Krisdianto Krisdianto
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Plant Part ◽  
Sampling Location ◽  
Living Plant ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Dead Plant ◽  
Potential Area

South Kalimantan is one of carbon contributor with an area of swamp with ± 1,140,207 ha area of swamp land. The potential area for changed to be an agricultural land is ± 763,207 ha, and the remain used for pool when the rainy season is come. The highest C reserve is in biomass (mass of living-plant part) and necromass (mass of dead-plant part) at the top soil, microbe, and soil-organic matter. Based on description above, the problem is how much stored-carbon in necromass of plant at martapura lowland swamp, because the largest carbon storage found in necromass of plant. The purpose of this study was to estimate the stored carbon contained in necromass of vegetation in lowland swamp. This research has been done in Martapura from April to July 2009. Sampling is done at 4 location include Tungkaran village, Keramat Baru village, Sungai Rangas village and Sungai Tabuk village. Each sampling location divided into 2 stations in one sampling. Analysis of stored-carbon in necromass of plant is using Walkey and Black Method. The result showed that average ranges of carbon stored in plant necromass are 490,95 – 1744,66 gm-2.  

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