scholarly journals Aerial Seeding: An Effective Forest Restoration Method in Highly Degraded Forest Landscapes of Sub-Tropic Regions

Forests ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 1748-1762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Xiao ◽  
Xiaohua Wei ◽  
Yuanqiu Liu ◽  
Xunzhi Ouyang ◽  
Qinglin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Degraded Forest ◽  
Restoration Method ◽  
Aerial Seeding

scholarly journals Menyelaraskan Kebijakan dan Sistem Manajemen Hutan Ramin (Gonystylus spp.) untuk Perbaikan Ekosistem Rawa Gambut di Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Marcellinus Mandira Budi Utomo
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Management System ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Degraded Forest ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Diameter Increment ◽  
Peat Swamp ◽  
Ecological Relationship ◽  
Support Research

Recently, Indonesian peatland has become global attention regarding several forest fire events, which are seemingly caused by the improper ecosystem management system. Through literature review, this paper discusses one of specific forest formations in peat swamp, namely ramin forest (Gonystylus spp.). An assessment is performed for ramin forest management system from time to time using a framework developed by Indonesian Eco-Labelling Organisation. The criteria applied are sustainability of production, ecological, and social functions. Several recommendation to refine ramin forests are (1) assure new concession permit in any peat swamp areas stops and (2) hasten the implementation of one-map policy as a baseline for further planning and calculating current potency of ramin. For the new regulation, activities can be carried out are (1) to rehabilitate the degraded peat-peat swamp forests, (2) to strictly protect the last pristine ramin forests, (3) to establish seed orchard from seed resources to conserve the germ plasma, (4) to support research into ramin degraded forest restoration and the ecological relationship in pristine ramin forests to better understand how the system works, (5) to recalculate the current diameter increment and to use that to calculate the harvesting rotation, and (6) to uphold forestry law more firmly.

scholarly journals Does the Process of Passive Forest Restoration Affect the Hydrophysical Attributes of the Soil Superficial Horizon?

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1689
Author(s):  
Nayana Alves Pereira ◽  
Simone Di Prima ◽  
Renata Cristina Bovi ◽  
Laura Fernanda Simões da Silva ◽  
Gustavo de Godoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Degraded Forest ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Passive Restoration ◽  
Agriculture Abandonment

There has been an increase in the area of secondary tropical forests in recent years due to forest restoration in degraded areas. Recent analyses suggest that the success of passive forest restoration is highly uncertain and needs to be better understood. This study aimed to investigate the behavior of saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) and some hydrophysical soil attributes between agricultural land uses, restored forests, and a degraded forest fragment. The areas evaluated are located in the municipality of Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil, under different types of land use: (i) two areas in the process of passive forest restoration: one of 18 and another of 42 years (NR18 and NR42); (ii) a degraded forest fragment (FFD); (iii) pasture (P), and (iv) sugarcane (SC). The hydraulic soil conductivity characterization was performed using the Beerkan method. Dry soil bulk density (BD), total porosity (Pt), macroporosity (Mac), microporosity (Mic), penetration resistance (PR), mean aggregate diameter (MWD), and soil organic carbon (OC) were also determined. The comparative analysis of the hydrophysical attributes of the soil superficial horizon in agricultural land uses (P and SC), restored forests (NR18 and NR42), and a degraded forest (DFF) confirms that the recovery of soil hydrological functioning in ongoing forest restoration processes can be a relatively slow process. In addition, the intensity of previous land use leaves footprints that can affect passive restoration areas for decades after agriculture abandonment, increasing the time for the recovery of Ks and soil hydrophysical attributes.

scholarly journals Effects of forest restoration techniques on community diversity and aboveground biomass on area affected by mining tailings in Mariana, Southeastern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ítalo Favoreto Campanharo ◽  
Sebastião Venâncio Martins ◽  
Pedro Manuel Villa ◽  
Gabriel Correa Kruschewsky ◽  
Andreia Aparecida Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Tree Seedlings ◽  
Active Restoration ◽  
Substrate Properties ◽  
Restoration Method ◽  
Ecological Dominance

Currently there is an urgent and special attention in actions to restore tropical forests. In this study, we evaluated the effect of different restoration methods on aboveground biomass (AGB) stock, tree community diversity and structure, in areas affected by the Fundão tailings dam collapse in Mariana, Minas Gerais state, Brazil. We measured and compiled data of the AGB, community diversity and structure attributes in 36 plots distributed in six restoration treatments and six replicas: planting of native tree seedlings with fertilization and pH correction (PSf) and without fertilization and pH correction (PS); seeding of native trees with fertilization and pH correction (SDf) and without fertilization and pH correction (SD); natural regeneration with fertilization and pH correction (NRf) and without fertilization and pH correction (NR). No significant differences in substrate properties and AGB between treatments. Although biomass storage between treatments was not statistically different, there is a clear pattern showing higher values active restoration method. The Pielou index ranged from 0.520 (SDf) to 0.943 (NR), except for SDf all the others treatments had values higher than 0.76. This result suggests floristic heterogeneity, without ecological dominance in the plant community. Overall, active restoration had important implications for the forest restoration where natural regeneration is limited.

scholarly journals Secondary seed removal in a degraded forest habitat in Madagascar

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula M. A. Fiedler ◽  
Alice De Lapparent ◽  
Jeremie Razafitsalama ◽  
Justin Sanamo ◽  
Kim J. E. Steffens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Seed Predation ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Degraded Forest ◽  
Seed Removal ◽  
Forest Habitat ◽  
Removal Experiments

AbstractForest restoration is a prime goal within the 2021–2030 UN “Decade of Ecosystem Resoration”. As part of these activities, natural regeneration has to be promoted for biological as well as for economic reasons. For this, the processes of seed dispersal, seed predation and germination have to be understood in the original as well as in degraded vegetation formations. We used seed removal experiments to assess post-dispersal processes that influence recruitment along a gradient of forest degradation in Madagascar analyzing seeds of three animal dispersed tree species. The percentage of seeds consumed or dispersed, declined from forest (28.6%) to degraded forest (17.2%) to savanna (10.8%). Only three out of 1080 seeds were cached and remained intact during the 14-day experiment. All three seeds were cached in the forest habitat and none in the degraded forest and savanna. The low percentage of seeds removed may be due to the lack of endemic rodents caching seeds, as only introduced rats were recorded in the area. The species-poor fauna of potential secondary seed dispersers of the region and especially in the degraded areas might represent an obstacle for diverse regeneration in degraded regions of Madagascar.

scholarly journals Juniperus L. for Restoration of Degraded Forest Lands in Turkey

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cengiz Yücedağ ◽  
Sezgin Ayan ◽  
Perla Farhat ◽  
Halil Barış Özel
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
Degraded Forest ◽  
Degraded Lands ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
The World ◽  
Successful Rehabilitation ◽  
Forest Lands ◽  
Better Than

Degraded forests are among of the most important environmental and commercial problems around the world. Turkey has 22.74 million hectares of forest area, out of which 9.656 million ha (42%) are unproductive. To transform these unproductive forests into productive ones, forest restoration including rehabilitation is one of the best actions. In this sense, juniper species play an important role for degraded lands because they are drought-tolerant and withstand aridity and poor soils better than most timber species grown in Turkey. Therefore, this review presents the ecological considerations for the restoration of degraded forest lands in Turkey under the conditions of climate change. Within this framework, it focuses on the production of planting stock of juniper species, the significance of site-species matching, and post-planting site maintenance for successful rehabilitation.

Experimental study on the restoration from a tilt-azimuth series for improvement in resolution

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 636-637
Author(s):  
Norio Baba ◽  
Norihiko Ichise ◽  
Syunya Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Spherical Aberration ◽  
Incident Beam ◽  
Optical Parameters ◽  
Beam Tilting ◽  
Illumination Method ◽  
Restoration Method ◽  
Illumination Mode

The tilted beam illumination method is used to improve the resolution comparing with the axial illumination mode. Using this advantage, a restoration method of several tilted beam images covering the full azimuthal range was proposed by Saxton, and experimentally examined. To make this technique more reliable it seems that some practical problems still remain. In this report the restoration was attempted and the problems were considered. In our study, four problems were pointed out for the experiment of the restoration. (1) Accurate beam tilt adjustment to fit the incident beam to the coma-free axis for the symmetrical beam tilting over the full azimuthal range. (2) Accurate measurements of the optical parameters which are necessary to design the restoration filter. Even if the spherical aberration coefficient Cs is known with accuracy and the axial astigmatism is sufficiently compensated, at least the defocus value must be measured. (3) Accurate alignment of the tilt-azimuth series images.

Airway Resistance during Esophageal Phonation

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Weinberg ◽  
Yoshiyuki Horii ◽  
Eric Blom ◽  
Mark Singer
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Airway Resistance ◽  
Voice Restoration ◽  
Esophageal Speech ◽  
Airways Resistance ◽  
Restoration Method

Prosthesis airway resistance calculations were completed for five Blom-Singer prostheses and esophageal source airway resistance estimated were made of five laryngectomized patients using the Singer-Blom voice restoration method. Airway resistance of the Blom-Singer prostheses ranged from 46 to 121 cmH 2 O/LPS, while source airways resistance in these subjects ranged from about 155 to 270 cmH 2 O/LPS. These results revealed that the opposition of the voicing sources used in esophageal speech production to airflow through them is substantial and larger than that established for the normal, laryngeal source. Findings are interpreted to highlight major advantages the Singer-Blom (1980) method of speech/voice restoration has over esophageal speech/voice produced on a conventional basis and to reveal specific reasons for the failure of may laryngectomized patients to develop consistent voice and functionally serviceable speech.

Urban forest restoration cost modeling: a Seattle natural areas case study

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean M. Daniels ◽  
Weston Brinkley ◽  
Michael D. Paruszkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
Cost Modeling ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
Restoration Cost
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