scholarly journals Default versus Configured-Geostatistical Modeling of Suspended Particulate Matter in Potter Cove, West Antarctic Peninsula

Fluids ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Camila Neder ◽  
Ricardo Sahade ◽  
Doris Abele ◽  
Roland Pesch ◽  
Kerstin Jerosch
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Performance Index ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Empirical Bayesian ◽  
Potter Cove ◽  
West Antarctic ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
West Antarctic Peninsula

The glacier retreat observed during the last decades at Potter Cove (PC) causes an increasing amount of suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the water column, which has a high impact on sessile filter feeder’ species at PC located at the West Antarctic Peninsula. SPM presents a highly-fluctuating dynamic pattern on a daily, monthly, seasonal, and interannual basis. Geostatistical interpolation techniques are widely used by default to generate reliable spatial information and thereby to improve the ecological understanding of environmental variables, which is often fundamental for guiding decision-makers and scientists. In this study, we compared the results of default and configured settings of three geostatistical algorithms (Simple Kriging, Ordinary Kriging, and Empirical Bayesian) and developed a performance index. In order to interpolate SPM data from the summer season 2010/2011 at PC, the best performance was obtained with Empirical Bayesian Kriging (standard mean = −0.001 and root mean square standardized = 0.995). It showed an excellent performance (performance index = 0.004), improving both evaluation parameters when radio and neighborhood were configured. About 69% of the models showed improved standard means when configured compared to the default settings following a here proposed guideline.

scholarly journals Effects of macroalgae loss in an Antarctic marine food web: applying extinction thresholds to food web studies

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgina Cordone ◽  
Tomás I. Marina ◽  
Vanesa Salinas ◽  
Santiago R. Doyle ◽  
Leonardo A. Saravia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
High Threshold ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Potter Cove ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Key Species ◽  
High Degree

Antarctica is seriously affected by climate change, particularly at the Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) where a rapid regional warming is observed. Potter Cove is a WAP fjord at Shetland Islands that constitutes a biodiversity hotspot where over the last years, Potter Cove annual air temperatures averages increased by 0.66 °C, coastal glaciers declined, and suspended particulate matter increased due to ice melting. Macroalgae are the main energy source for all consumers and detritivores of Potter Cove. Some effects of climate change favor pioneer macroalgae species that exploit new ice-free areas and can also decline rates of photosynthesis and intensify competition between species due to the increase of suspended particulate matter. In this study, we evaluated possible consequences of climate change at Potter Cove food web by simulating the extinction of macroalgae and detritus using a topological approach with thresholds of extinction. Thresholds represent the minimum number of incoming links necessary for species’ survival. When we simulated the extinctions of macroalgae species at random, a threshold of extinction beyond 50% was necessary to obtain a significant number of secondary extinctions, while with a 75% threshold a real collapse of the food web occurred. Our results indicate that Potter Cove food web is relative robust to macroalgae extinction. This is dramatically different from what has been found in other food webs, where the reduction of 10% in prey intake caused a disproportionate increase of secondary extinctions. Robustness of the Potter Cove food web was mediated by omnivory and redundancy, which had an important relevance in this food web. When we eliminated larger-biomass species more secondary extinctions occurred, a similar response was observed when more connected species were deleted, yet there was no correlation between species of larger-biomass and high-degree. This similarity could be explained because both criteria involved key species that produced an emerging effect on the food web. In this way, large-biomass and high-degree species could be acting as source for species with few trophic interactions or low redundancy. Based on this work, we expect the Potter Cove food web to be robust to changes in macroalgae species caused by climate change until a high threshold of stress is reached, and then negative effects are expected to spread through the entire food web leading to its collapse.

scholarly journals Potter Cove, west Antarctic Peninsula, shallow water meiofauna: a seasonal snapshot

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 554-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Pasotti ◽  
P. Convey ◽  
A. Vanreusel
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Potter Cove ◽  
West Antarctic ◽  
Harpacticoid Copepods ◽  
West Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Species Specific

AbstractThe meiobenthic community of Potter Cove (King George Island, west Antarctic Peninsula) was investigated, focusing on responses to summer/winter conditions in two study sites contrasting in terms of organic matter inputs. Meiofaunal densities were found to be higher in summer and lower in winter, although this result was not significantly related to the in situ availability of organic matter in each season. The combination of food quality and competition for food amongst higher trophic levels may have played a role in determining the standing stocks at the two sites. Meiobenthic winter abundances were sufficiently high to infer that energy sources were not limiting during winter, supporting observations from other studies for both shallow water and continental shelf Antarctic ecosystems. Recruitment within meiofaunal communities was coupled to the seasonal input of fresh detritus for harpacticoid copepods but not for nematodes, suggesting that species-specific life history or trophic features form an important element of the responses observed.

scholarly journals Benthic meltwater fjord habitats formed by rapid glacier recession on King George Island, Antarctica

2018 ◽  
Vol 376 (2122) ◽  
pp. 20170178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Jerosch ◽  
Hendrik Pehlke ◽  
Patrick Monien ◽  
Frauke Scharf ◽  
Lukas Weber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Particulate Material ◽  
King George Island ◽  
The West ◽  
Strontium Content ◽  
Potter Cove ◽  
West Antarctic ◽  
Marine Habitats ◽  
West Antarctic Peninsula

The coasts of the West Antarctic Peninsula are strongly influenced by glacier meltwater discharge. The spatial structure and biogeochemical composition of inshore habitats are shaped by large quantities of terrigenous particulate material deposited in the vicinity of the coast, which impacts the pelagic and benthic ecosystems. We used a multitude of geochemical and environmental variables to identify the radius extension of the meltwater impact from the Fourcade Glacier into the fjord system of Potter Cove, King George Island. The k -means cluster algorithm, canonical correspondence analysis, variance analysis and Tukey's post hoc multiple comparison tests were applied to define and cluster coastal meltwater habitats. A minimum of 10 clusters were needed to classify the 8 km 2 study area into meltwater fjord habitats (MFHs), fjord habitats and marine habitats. Strontium content in surface sediments is the main geochemical indicator for lithogenic creek discharge in Potter Cove. Furthermore, bathymetry, glacier distance and geomorphic positioning are the essential habitats explaining variables. The mean and maximum MFH extent amounted to 1 km and 2 km, respectively. Extrapolation of the identified meltwater impact ranges to King George Island coastlines, which are presently ice-covered bays and fjord areas, indicated an overall coverage of 200–400 km 2 MFH, underpinning the importance of better understanding the biology and biogeochemistry in terrestrial marine transition zones. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The marine system of the West Antarctic Peninsula: status and strategy for progress in a region of rapid change’.

Suspended particulate matter in the western Dead Sea: Distribution and chemical composition

2002 ◽  
Vol 51 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 233-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barak Herut ◽  
Ittai Gavrieli ◽  
Ludwik Halicz ◽  
Gideon Tibora
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Suspended Particulate

Physical and bacterial processes affecting suspended particulate matter in a tidal river

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 327-335
Author(s):  
Yasunori Kozuki ◽  
Yoshihiko Hosoi ◽  
Hitoshi Murakami ◽  
Katuhiro Kawamoto
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Tidal River ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Size Change ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
And Behavior

In order to clarify the origin and behavior of suspended particulate matter (SPM) in a tidal river, variation of SPM in a tidal river was investigated with regard to its size and constituents. SPM was separated into three groups according to size. Change of contents of titanium and organic substances of each group of SPM was examined. SPM which was discharged by run-off was transported with decomposition and sedimentation in a tidal river. Concentration of SPM with a particle size greater than 0.45 μm increased due to resuspension in a tidal river. Origin of SPM with a size of less than 0.45 μm at upstream areas was from natural soil and most of such SPM which had been transported settled near a river mouth. It was determined from examination of the CN ratio and the ratio of the number of attached bacteria to free bacteria that SPM with a size greater than 1.0 μm at upstream areas was decomposing intensively. At the downstream areas, SPM with a size of less than 0.45 μm came from the sea. SPM with particle size greater than 1.0 μm consisted of plankton and substances which were decomposed sufficiently while flowing.

scholarly journals Suspended particulate matter in a submarine canyon (Whittard Canyon, Bay of Biscay, NE Atlantic Ocean): Assessment of commonly used instruments to record turbidity

2021 ◽  
Vol 434 ◽  
pp. 106439
Author(s):  
Sabine Haalboom ◽  
Henko de Stigter ◽  
Gerard Duineveld ◽  
Hans van Haren ◽  
Gert-Jan Reichart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Submarine Canyon ◽  
Bay Of Biscay ◽  
Ne Atlantic ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Ne Atlantic Ocean
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