scholarly journals Comparing Meal Satisfaction Based on Different Types of Tableware: An Experimental Study of Japanese Cuisine Culture

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1546
Author(s):  
Tomoko Hasegawa ◽  
Nobuyuki Sakai
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
The Other ◽  
Food Preparation ◽  
Japanese Culture ◽  
Japanese People ◽  
Perceptual Evaluation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Plastic Containers

In Japan, as in other countries, the externalization of food preparation is increasing. Japanese people are interested in the combination of food and tableware and they are concerned about transferring ready-made meals from plastic containers to natural tableware. This study aimed to examine the varying evaluations of meals due to differences in tableware. In this study, we investigated the effect of tableware on meal satisfaction, which is emphasized in Japanese culture. We studied the difference in the evaluation of ready-made meals (a rice ball, salad, croquette, and corn soup) before, during, and after a meal under two conditions: plastic tableware and natural wooden tableware. The results showed that there was no difference in the perceptual evaluation of taste and texture during the meal, except for the color of the salad and the temperature of the soup. On the other hand, meals served on natural wooden tableware were rated more positively than those served on plastic tableware before and after meals. These results suggest that, in Japan, the use of tableware, even for ready-made meals, increases the level of meal satisfaction. These findings have implications for both the providers and consumers of ready-made meals as well as the food industry.

scholarly journals Do NiTi Instruments show Defects before Separation? Defects caused by Torsional Fatigue in Hand and Rotary Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) Instruments which Lead to Failure during Clinical Use

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 867-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhir Kumar ◽  
P Ratnakar ◽  
NV Murali Krishna Chakka ◽  
Sanjib Das ◽  
Anandamy Bagchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nickel Titanium ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Torsional Fatigue ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Niti Instruments

ABSTRACT Aims Visual and microscopic evaluation of defects caused by torsional fatigue in hand and rotary nickel titanium (NiTi) instruments. Materials and methods Ninety-six NiTi greater taper instruments which were routinely used for root canal treatment only in anterior teeth were selected for the study. The files taken include ProTaper for hand use, ProTaper Rotary files and Endowave rotary files. After every use, the files were observed visually and microscopically (Stereomicroscope at 10×) to evaluate the defects caused by torsional fatigue. Scoring was given according to a new classification formulated which gives an indication of the severity of the defect or damage. Statistical analysis Data was statistically analyzed using KruskallWallis and Mann-Whitney U test. Results Number of files showing defects were more under stereomicroscope than visual examination. But, the difference in the evaluation methods was not statistically significant. The different types of defects observed were bent instrument, straightening/stretching of twist contour and partial reverse twisting. Endowave files showed maximum number of defects followed by ProTaper for hand use and least in ProTaper Rotary. Conclusion Visible defects due to torsional fatigue do occur in NiTi instruments after clinical use. Both visual and microscopic examinations were efficient in detecting defects caused due to torsional fatigue. This study emphasizes that all files should be observed for any visible defects before and after every instrumentation cycle to minimize the risk of instrument separation and failure of endodontic therapy. How to cite this article Chakka NVMK, Ratnakar P, Das S, Bagchi A, Kumar S, Anumula L. Do NiTi Instruments show Defects before Separation? Defects caused by Torsional Fatigue in Hand and Rotary Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) Instruments which Lead to Failure during Clinical Use. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(6):867-872.

Pipe Wall Damage Detection in Buried Pipes Using Guided Waves

2008 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rais Ahmad ◽  
Sourav Banerjee ◽  
Tribikram Kundu
Keyword(s):  
Damage Detection ◽  
Wavelet Transforms ◽  
Guided Waves ◽  
Pipe Wall ◽  
The Other ◽  
Buried Pipes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

It is well known that cylindrical guided waves are very efficient for detecting pipe wall defects when pipes are open in the air. In this paper it is investigated how efficient the guided waves are for detecting pipe wall damage when the pipes are embedded in the soil. For this purpose guided waves were propagated through pipes that were buried in the soil by placing transmitters on one end of the embedded pipe and receivers on the other end. Received signals for both defect-free and defective pipes were recorded. Then the received signals were subjected to wavelet transforms. To investigate whether embedding the pipe in the soil makes it more difficult to detect the pipe wall defects, the same set of defective and defect-free pipes were studied before and after burying them in the soil. In both cases the defective pipes could be easily identified. Interestingly, contrary to the intuition, it was observed that under certain conditions defective pipes could be identified more easily in buried conditions. For example, the difference between the strengths of the initial parts of the received signal from defect-free and dented pipes was found to be greater for the buried pipes. Some qualitative justification for easier detection of buried dented pipes is provided.

The influence of some physical characteristics of the milking machine on the rate of new mastitis infections

1973 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Thiel ◽  
Carol L. Cousins ◽  
D. R. Westgarth ◽  
F. K. Neave
Keyword(s):  
Short Duration ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vacuum Fluctuations ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Milking Machine ◽  
Do So

SummaryLarge differences in new infection rates occurred with half-udder milking machines in which one half of the cluster operated substantially free from vacuum fluctuations while the other half was subjected to various combinations of different types of fluctuation in vacuum. To increase the rate of new infection all teats were contaminated before and after each milking by immersion in a suspension of Streptococcus agalactiae and Str. dysgalactiae. A series of short-duration trials indicated that neither irregular nor cyclic fluctuations in vacuum acting alone were able to increase new infection rate. However, either the Nyhan and Cowhig irregular fluctuation, or a variant of it in combination with cyclic fluctuations in vacuum, was able to do so under the particular experimental conditions used.

scholarly journals THE CULTIVATION OF TRICHOMONAS OF THE HUMAN MOUTH (TETRATRICHOMONAS HOMINIS)

1917 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tokuzo Ohira ◽  
Hideyo Noguchi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Cell Body ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Deep Groove ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Difference

Trichomonades from the mouth were studied by Steinberg who proposed to group them into three distinct types; namely, Trichomonas elongata, Trichomonas caudata, and Trichomonas flagellata. Doflein (3) regards them as probably identical with Trichomonas hominis. Opinions differ as to whether or not Trichomonas vaginalis Donné and Trichomonas hominis Grassi are the same species. Lynch, for instance, believes that they are the same species, while von Prowazek (4), Bensen (5), and others (6, 7) insist that they are different types. Bensen's view seems to be well supported by the difference alleged to be found between the mode of encystment in the two trichomonades, were it not for the fact that our knowledge about the so called cyst of trichomonades is still obscure. According to Alexeieff (8) many of the so called cysts were evidently blastomyces contained in the cell body of the trichomonas. An autogamy alleged to take place in cysts as described by Bohne and von Prowazek (9) has not been confirmed by Dobell (10). And Wenyon (11) contends that it has never been found possible to produce any development of these cysts outside the body on the warm stage as can be done with the cysts of Entamœba coli. Therefore, it is still premature to take the process of encystment into consideration as far as the classification of trichomonas is concerned. On the other hand, Rodenwaldt (12) seems to think that there are many species of trichomonas in the human intestines, and Wenyon has described a new trichomonas from the human intestines (Macrostoma mesnili Wenyon). Further cultural studies in the morphology and biology of these organisms must be carried out in order to solve these problems. In the light of modern investigations there are five subgenera to be included under the genus Trichomonas Donné. They are as follows: (1) Protrichomonas Alexeieff, with three anterior flagella, without an undulating membrane. (2) Trichomastix Biitschli) with three anterior flagella and a trailing flagellum (Schleppgeissel) without an undulating membrane. (3) Trichomonas Donné, with three anterior flagella and an undulating membrane. (4) Macrostoma Alexeieff, Amend, Wenyon (11), with three anterior flagella and an undulating membrane wedged in a deep groove (peristome). (5) Tetratrichomonas Parisi (13), with four anterior flagella and an undulating membrane. As far as our culture trichomonas from the human mouth is concerned, it has been shown that it is not strictly a trichomonas and that it should be classed under the subgenus Tetratrichomonas.

A New Method for Calculating the Volume of Debris Flow Using GIS and RS Technology

2014 ◽  
Vol 511-512 ◽  
pp. 253-258
Author(s):  
Wen Ju Du ◽  
Bing Xie ◽  
Hui Xi Xu
Keyword(s):  
Debris Flow ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
Aerial Photos ◽  
Contour Lines ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Gis And Rs ◽  
The Difference ◽  
New Formula

In this paper, two digital elevation models of debris flow in Yingxiu mountain area are generated; one is from contour lines with manual interpretation before earthquake and the other is from high resolution aerial photos using MapMatrix software. By analyzing three random points which are not in the same edge, a new formula for calculating the volume from these three points to their projection on the datum plane is derived. Then, the volumes of the two DEMs before and after earthquake can be calculated, and the volume of the total debris flow is the difference of those two.

scholarly journals Meditation Practice Improves Short-Term Changes in Heart Rate Variability

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 2128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang-Ming Chang ◽  
Miao-Tien Wu Chueh ◽  
Yi-Jung Lai
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Meditation Practice ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

Background: It is well known that meditation improves the physical and psychological condition of its practitioners. This study investigated the heart rate variability response of meditation practitioners in two Chan master teaching environments, namely face-to-face and video classes. Methods: Experimental sessions were conducted, one featuring face-to-face classes and the other featuring video classes. The difference in participants’ physiological parameters (blood pressure and heart rate variability) between the two experimental sessions was determined. In the first session, physiological parameters were recorded twice, before and after one teaching course, and the second session took place one month after the first. The first and second sessions had 45 and 27 participants, respectively. Those involved in the first experiment had no experience with meditation, whereas participants in the second experiment had practiced meditation for an average of 9 years (range = 1 to 27 years). Both experiments were conducted once a week, with each session lasting 1.5 h. Results: For both experiments, both heart rate and heart rate variability by age significantly decreased after one teaching course. Conclusions: Chan meditation practitioners benefit from receiving both face-to-face and video class teaching from a Chan master.

scholarly journals The Bifurcations of the Critical Points and the Role of Depth in a Symmetric Caldera Potential Energy Surface

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 2130034
Author(s):  
Y. Geng ◽  
M. Katsanikas ◽  
M. Agaoglou ◽  
S. Wiggins
Keyword(s):  
Potential Energy ◽  
Potential Energy Surface ◽  
Critical Points ◽  
Energy Surface ◽  
The Other ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The One ◽  
The Way

In this work, we continue the study of the bifurcations of the critical points in a symmetric Caldera potential energy surface. In particular, we study the influence of the depth of the potential on the trajectory behavior before and after the bifurcation of the critical points. We observe two different types of trajectory behavior: dynamical matching and the nonexistence of dynamical matching. Dynamical matching is a phenomenon that limits the way in which a trajectory can exit the Caldera based solely on how it enters the Caldera. Furthermore, we discuss two different types of symmetric Caldera potential energy surface and the transition from the one type to the other through the bifurcations of the critical points.

scholarly journals Testing the effectiveness of disinfectant protocols for soiled footwear

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 384-384
Author(s):  
S.D. Young ◽  
M.R. McNeill ◽  
D.J. Saville
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
The Other ◽  
Polysorbate 80 ◽  
Culturable Bacteria ◽  
Running Shoes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Better Than

Footwear carried by international air travellers arriving in New Zealand is subject to inspection and if necessary cleaning and disinfecting by MAFBNZ quarantine inspectors A study to evaluate the effectiveness of disinfectant treatment was carried out on three different types of footwear (running shoes gumboots and tramping boots) cleaned following observed MAFBNZ procedure (dip) and following a 10 minute soak Two disinfectant treatments (VirkonTM and TriGene AdvanceTM) were compared with a surfactant (polysorbate 80) and water only Soles were swabbed for microbes before and after washing and culturable bacteria and fungi per cm2 were enumerated Disinfectant treatments reduced bacteria numbers by 99 compared with 98 for both water and surfactant treatments VirkonTM was the best treatment for bacteria both with the standard dip and the 10 minute soak but it was not significantly better than the other treatments Soaking also reduced bacterial numbers compared to the dip treatment but not significantly For fungi the two disinfectants surfactant and water yielded similar reductions (97) Soaking reduced fungal numbers compared to the dip treatment but this was not quite significant (P0051)

Refinement of Twinned Structures with SHELXL97

1998 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Herbst-Irmer ◽  
G. M. Sheldrick
Keyword(s):  
Warning Signs ◽  
The Other ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Difference

Four examples of the refinement of twinned structures are discussed. These structures illustrate three different types of twins: twinning by merohedry, pseudo-merohedry and non-merohedral twins. How the twinning was detected, how the structures were solved and how they were refined are shown in this paper. The difference between a refinement as a disordered model and a twinned model is illustrated. Sometimes the twin law was necessary to solve the structure, while in the other examples the twinning was first recognized during refinement of the structures. Finally, a list of `characteristic warning signs' is presented which are indicative of possible twinning.

scholarly journals On the relation of hydrogen to palladium

1869 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 212-220 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
The Other ◽  
Linear Dimensions ◽  
Hydrogen Bubbles ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Wire ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
A Charge ◽  
The Mind

It has often been maintained on chemical grounds that hydrogen gas is the vapour of a highly volatile metal. The idea forces itself upon the mind that palladium with its occluded hydrogen is simply an alloy of this volatile metal, in which the volatility of the one element is restrained by its union with the other, and which owes its metallic aspect equally to both constituents. How far such a view is borne out by the properties of the compound substance in question will appear by the following examination of the properties of what, assuming its metallic character, would have to be named Hydrogenium . 1. Density .—The density of palladium when charged with eight or nine hundred times its volume of hydrogen gas is perceptibly lowered; but the change cannot be measured accurately by the ordinary method of immersion in water, owing to a continuous evolution of minute hydrogen bubbles which appears to be determined by contact with the liquid. However, the linear dimensions of the charged palladium are altered so considerably that the difference admits of easy measurement, and furnishes the required density by calculation. Palladium in the form of wire is readily charged with hydrogen by evolving that gas upon the surface of the metal in a galvanometer containing dilute sulphuric acid as usual. The length of the wire before and after a charge is found by stretching it on both occasions by the same moderate weight, such as will not produce permanent distention, over the surface of a flat graduated measure. The measure was graduated to hundredths of an inch, and by means of a vernier, the divisions could be read to thousandths. The distance between two fine cross lines marked upon the surface of the wire near each of its extremities was observed.

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