scholarly journals Deep Learning on Synthesized Sensor Characteristics and Transmission Spectra Enabling MEMS-Based Spectroscopic Gas Analysis beyond the Fourier Transform Limit

Foundations ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-317
Author(s):  
Samar Elaraby ◽  
Sherif M. Abuelenin ◽  
Adel Moussa ◽  
Yasser M. Sabry
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Spectral Resolution ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Resolution Enhancement ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Transmission Spectra ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Infrared Spectral

Miniaturized Fourier transform infrared spectrometers serve emerging market needs in many applications such as gas analysis. The miniaturization comes at the cost of lower performance than bench-top instrumentation, especially for the spectral resolution. However, higher spectral resolution is needed for better identification of the composition of materials. This article presents a convolutional neural network (CNN) for 3X resolution enhancement of the measured infrared gas spectra using a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer beyond the transform limit. The proposed network extracts a set of high-dimensional features from the input spectra and constructs high-resolution outputs by nonlinear mapping. The network is trained using synthetic transmission spectra of complex gas mixtures and simulated sensor non-idealities such as baseline drifts and non-uniform signal-to-noise ratio. Ten gases that are relevant to the natural and bio gas industry are considered whose mixtures suffer from overlapped features in the mid-infrared spectral range of 2000–4000 cm−1. The network results are presented for both synthetic and experimentally measured spectra using both bench-top and miniaturized MEMS spectrometers, improving the resolution from 60 cm−1 to 20 cm−1 with a mean square error down to 2.4×10−3 in the transmission spectra. The technique supports selective spectral analysis based on miniaturized MEMS spectrometers.

Characterization of Pyrolysis and Combustion of Complex Systems Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

1980 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
John O. Lephardt ◽  
Robert A. Fenner
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Evolved Gas Analysis ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Infrared Spectral ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Fourier Transform

Thermal analysis plays an important role in the evaluation and development of many complex chemical systems. Often combustion data as well as pyrolytic data on these systems may be important. Analytical techniques are required which maximize the amount of useful information which can be obtained per thermal experiment. Fourier transform infrared spectral analysis of gases evolving from materials vs temperature can provide information on both pyrolysis and combustion processes, and an apparatus for performing such analysis routinely is described. While the Fourier transform infrared evolved gas analysis (FT-IR-EGA) system has numerous applications, three applications using tobacco as a sample are presented for illustration. These include comparison of different materials, comparison of materials before and after modification and examination of oxygen-induced effects relative to pyrolysis effects. The FT-IR-EGA technique should prove to be a useful tool in elucidating thermal processes in complex systems.

FR-IR Molecular Microanalysis System

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-271
Author(s):  
John A. Reffner ◽  
William T. Wihlborg
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Ir Microscopy ◽  
Normal Functions ◽  
Infrared Microspectroscopy ◽  
Infrared Spectral ◽  
Ft Ir

The IRμs™ is the first fully integrated system for Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) microscopy. FT-IR microscopy combines light microscopy for morphological examination with infrared spectroscopy for chemical identification of microscopic samples or domains. Because the IRμs system is a new tool for molecular microanalysis, its optical, mechanical and system design are described to illustrate the state of development of molecular microanalysis. Applications of infrared microspectroscopy are reviewed by Messerschmidt and Harthcock.Infrared spectral analysis of microscopic samples is not a new idea, it dates back to 1949, with the first commercial instrument being offered by Perkin-Elmer Co. Inc. in 1953. These early efforts showed promise but failed the test of practically. It was not until the advances in computer science were applied did infrared microspectroscopy emerge as a useful technique. Microscopes designed as accessories for Fourier transform infrared spectrometers have been commercially available since 1983. These accessory microscopes provide the best means for analytical spectroscopists to analyze microscopic samples, while not interfering with the FT-IR spectrometer’s normal functions.

Retrieval of trace gases from aerosol-influenced infrared transmission spectra observed by low-spectral-resolution Fourier-transform spectrometers

2005 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuyuki Uemura ◽  
Satoshi Kuriki ◽  
Koji Nobuta ◽  
Tatsuya Yokota ◽  
Hideaki Nakajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Spectral Resolution ◽  
Trace Gases ◽  
Transmission Spectra ◽  
Infrared Transmission

Application of Gas Chromatography/Matrix Isolation/Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy to the Identification of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids from Comfrey Root (Symphytum officinale L.)

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 1167-1174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdi M Mossoba ◽  
Hubert S Lin ◽  
Denis Andrzejewski ◽  
James A Sphon ◽  
Joseph M Betz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids ◽  
Matrix Isolation ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Spectral Bands ◽  
Infrared Spectral ◽  
Fingerprint Region ◽  
Positive Ion

Abstract This paper demonstrates that pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) extracted from comfrey root grown in Washington State (USA) can be identified by gas chromatography/matrix isolation/Fourier transform infrared (GC/MI/FTIR) spectroscopy. Infrared spectral bands observed in the fingerprint region were unique even for closely related structures. The identities of the 4 major components, intermedine, lycopsamine, 7-acetylintermedine, and 7-acetylly-copsamine, were confirmed by comparison with standards. Confirmation was also obtained by using the established techniques of electron ionization and positive ion chemical ionization gas chro-matography/mass spectrometry. The infrared spectra observed for the components of the root extract were consistent with known structures of specific PAs. The identities of the minor components, sym-phytine and its isomers symlandine and/or sym-viridine, in the same extract were not confirmed.

scholarly journals Fourier Transform Infrared Spectral Analysis of Polyisoprene of a Different Microstructure

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongmei Chen ◽  
Huafeng Shao ◽  
Wei Yao ◽  
Baochen Huang
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Ftir Spectra ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Infrared Spectral

Some polyisoprene samples of different microstructure contents were studied by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and1H Nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). On the basis of detailed analysis of FTIR spectra of polyisoprene, the shift of absorption peaks caused by microstructure content’s variation was discussed. The contents of the polyisoprene samples’ microstructure which was determined by the1H NMR was used as the standard. Through the choice, calculation, and comparison with the corresponding absorption peaks of FTIR, a method based on the results of the analysis has been developed for the determination of the microstructure contents of polyisoprene by FTIR.

scholarly journals Analysis of IHchothecene Mycotoxins in Contaminated Grains by Gas Chromatography/Matrix Isolation/Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry

1996 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 1116-1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdi M Mossoba ◽  
Sarah Adams ◽  
John A G Roach ◽  
Mary W Trucksess
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Matrix Isolation ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Epoxide Ring ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Spectral Bands ◽  
Infrared Spectral

Abstract Gas chromatography/matrix isolation/Fourier transform infrared (GC/MI/FTIR) spectroscopy and GC/mass spectrometry (MS) were used to confirm the identities of trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatives of trichothecene mycotoxins in naturally contaminated grains. Infrared spectral bands observed in the fingerprint region were unique for 10 trichothecene standards. Characteristic absorption bands were observed for the ester (near 1750 cm-1) and ketone (near 1700 cm-1) carbonyl stretching vibrations, the acetate CH3 symmetric bend (1370 cm-1), the epoxide ring (1262 cm-1), the trimethylsilyl CH3 in-plane deformation (1253 cm-1), the ester (O)C-O asymmetric stretching vibration (near 1244 cm-1), and several other bands including intense features due to the TMS function. Infrared bands observed under cryogenic matrix isolation conditions were compared with those found at room temperature in a potassium bromide matrix for 5 of these standards. Identities of deoxynivalenol (DON) from barley and mixed feed, nivalenol from wheat and barley, and DON and fusarenon-x from sweet corn were confirmed by comparison of their infrared spectral bands with those of standards. The identity of DON in the same test samples of sweet corn was confirmed further by GC/MS. GC/MS was also used to quantitate the levels of DON (67-455 ppm) in sweet corn test samples.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document