scholarly journals The Significance of Exosomal RNAs in the Development, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Gastric Cancer

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Guiping Zhao ◽  
Anni Zhou ◽  
Xiao Li ◽  
Shengtao Zhu ◽  
Yongjun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Intercellular Communication ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Application ◽  
Gastric Cancer Cells ◽  
The World ◽  
Exosomal Rnas

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies in the world. Exosomes, a subset of extracellular vesicles with an average diameter of 100 nm, contain and transfer a variety of functional macromolecules such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. A large number of studies indicated that exosomes can play a significant role in the initiation and development of GC via facilitating intercellular communication between gastric cancer cells and microenvironment. Exosomal RNAs, one of the key functional cargos, are involved in the pathogenesis, development, and metastasis of GC. In addition, recent studies elucidated that exosomal RNAs may serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets for GC. In this review, we summarized the function of exosomal RNA in the tumorigenesis, progression, diagnosis, and treatment of GC, which may further unveil the functions of exosome and promote the potentially diagnostic and therapeutic application of exosomes in GC.

Cancer stem cell marker DCLK1 reprograms small extracellular vesicles toward migratory phenotype in gastric cancer cells

PROTEOMICS ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 2000098
Author(s):  
Annalisa L.E. Carli ◽  
Shoukat Afshar‐Sterle ◽  
Alin Rai ◽  
Haoyun Fang ◽  
Ryan O'Keefe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cancer Stem Cell ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Stem Cell Marker ◽  
Cancer Stem Cell Marker ◽  
Cell Marker ◽  
Gastric Cancer Cells ◽  
Migratory Phenotype

scholarly journals Extracellular vesicles shed from gastric cancer mediate protumor macrophage differentiation

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atene Ito ◽  
Shunsuke Kagawa ◽  
Shuichi Sakamoto ◽  
Kazuya Kuwada ◽  
Hiroki Kajioka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Ascitic Fluid ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Peritoneal Cavity ◽  
Peritoneal Dissemination ◽  
Tumor Associated Macrophages ◽  
Gastric Cancer Cells ◽  
Gastric Cancer Patients

Abstract Background Peritoneal dissemination often develops in gastric cancer. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are present in the peritoneal cavity of gastric cancer patients with peritoneal dissemination, facilitating tumor progression. However, the mechanism by which macrophages differentiate into tumor-associated macrophages in the peritoneal cavity is not well understood. In this study, the interplay between gastric cancer-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) and macrophages was investigated. Methods The association between macrophages and EVs in peritoneal ascitic fluid of gastric cancer patients, or from gastric cancer cell lines was examined, and their roles in differentiation of macrophages and potentiation of the malignancy of gastric cancer were further explored. Results Immunofluorescent assays of the ascitic fluid showed that M2 macrophages were predominant along with the cancer cells in the peritoneal cavity. EVs purified from gastric cancer cells, as well as malignant ascitic fluid, differentiated peripheral blood mononuclear cell-derived macrophages into the M2-like phenotype, which was demonstrated by their morphology and expression of CD163/206. The macrophages differentiated by gastric cancer-derived EVs promoted the migration ability of gastric cancer cells, and the EVs carried STAT3 protein. Conclusion EVs derived from gastric cancer play a role by affecting macrophage phenotypes, suggesting that this may be a part of the underlying mechanism that forms the intraperitoneal cancer microenvironment.

scholarly journals The ethanol extract of Excoecaria cochinchinensis Lour. leaves inhibits cell migration and arrests cell cylce in gastric cancer cell MKN45

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-154
Author(s):  
Nguyen Phu Hung ◽  
Le Thi Thanh Huong
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Stomach Cancer ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Gastric Cancer Cells ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
The World

According to Globocan 2020, stomach cancer is the 5th most common cancer in the world. Vietnam belongs to the group of 20 countries with the highest rate of stomach cancer in the world with 17906 new cases and 14615 deaths in 2020. Natural medicinal products are gaining increasing popularity and use worldwide as complementary alternative therapies. Excoecaria cochinchinensis Lour. is an herb widely distributed in many Southeast Asian countries and China. Current understanding of the effects of E. cochinchinensis on cancer cells is limited. In this study, we collected ethanol extract from the leaves of E. cochinchinensis and assessed its impacts on MKN45 gastric cancer cells. Our study showed that the ethanol extract of the E. cochinchinensis leaves was able to strongly inhibit the proliferation of MKN45 gastric cancer cells, from 40% to 80% compared to the control, with an IC50 value of 0,07 mg/mL. On the other hand, the leaf extract also reduced the level of cell migration from 20% to 70% compared to the control in a concentration-dependent manner. Flow cytometry analysis also showed that the leaf extract arrested the cell cycle in G2/M phase (P < 0,05). Overall, the results showed that the leaf extract of Excoecaria cochinchinensis had the potential to inhibit gastric cancer cells.

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