scholarly journals Evaluating the Impact of the Diabetes Mellitus Strategy for the National Health System: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 873
Author(s):  
Marta González-Touya ◽  
Rocío Carmona ◽  
Antonio Sarría-Santamera
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Health System ◽  
National Health ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
Macrovascular Complications ◽  
Secondary Diagnosis ◽  
The Impact

(1) Background: Diabetes mellitus is a significant public health problem. Macrovascular complications (stroke, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and lower limb amputations (LLAs) represent the leading cause of morbi-mortality in DM. This work aims to evaluate the impact of the approval of the Diabetes Mellitus Strategy of the National Health System (SDM-NHS) on hospitalizations for those macrovascular complications related to DM; (2) Methods: Interrupted time series applying segmented regression models (Negative Binomial) adjusted for seasonality to data from hospital discharge records with a primary or secondary diagnosis of DM (code 250 ICD9MC); (3) Results: Between 2001 and 2015, there have been 7,302,750 hospital discharges with a primary or secondary diagnosis of DM. After the approval of the SDM-NHS, all the indicators showed a downward trend, modifying the previous trend in the indicators of AMI and LLA. The indicators of stroke and AMI also showed an immediate reduction in their rates; (4) Conclusions: After the approval of the SDM-NHS, an improvement has been observed in all the indicators of macrovascular complications of DM evaluated, although it is difficult to establish a causal relationship between the strategy and the effects observed. Interrupted time series is applicable for evaluating the impact of interventions in public health when experimental designs are not possible.

scholarly journals The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on oral biopsies in the Brazilian National Health System

Oral Diseases ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Ramos Cunha ◽  
José Leopoldo Ferreira Antunes ◽  
Manoela Domingues Martins ◽  
Stefano Petti ◽  
Fernando Neves Hugo
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
National Health ◽  
National Health System ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals COVID-19: A Comparison of Time Series Methods to Forecast Percentage of Active Cases per Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasilis Papastefanopoulos ◽  
Pantelis Linardatos ◽  
Sotiris Kotsiantis
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Health System ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Outbreak Detection ◽  
Time Series Modeling ◽  
Learning Time ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
The Impact

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has caused worldwide socioeconomic unrest, forcing governments to introduce extreme measures to reduce its spread. Being able to accurately forecast when the outbreak will hit its peak would significantly diminish the impact of the disease, as it would allow governments to alter their policy accordingly and plan ahead for the preventive steps needed such as public health messaging, raising awareness of citizens and increasing the capacity of the health system. This study investigated the accuracy of a variety of time series modeling approaches for coronavirus outbreak detection in ten different countries with the highest number of confirmed cases as of 4 May 2020. For each of these countries, six different time series approaches were developed and compared using two publicly available datasets regarding the progression of the virus in each country and the population of each country, respectively. The results demonstrate that, given data produced using actual testing for a small portion of the population, machine learning time series methods can learn and scale to accurately estimate the percentage of the total population that will become affected in the future.

scholarly journals Workload impact of the Quality and Outcomes Framework for patients with diabetes: an interrupted time series in general practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (685) ◽  
pp. e570-e577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Gilbert ◽  
Victoria Allgar ◽  
Tim Doran
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Time Series ◽  
General Practice ◽  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
Clinical Practice Research Datalink ◽  
Clinical Consultation ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Quality And Outcomes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Quality And Outcomes Framework

BackgroundThere are substantial concerns about GP workload. The Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF) has been perceived by both professionals and patients as bureaucratic, but the full impact of the QOF on GP workload is not well known.AimTo assess the impact of the QOF on GP consultation rates for patients with diabetes mellitus.Design and settingThis study used interrupted time series of 13 248 745 general practice consultations for 37 065 patients with diabetes mellitus in England.MethodClinical Practice Research Datalink general practice data were used from 2000/2001 to 2014/2015, with introduction of the QOF (1 April 2004) as the intervention, and mean annual GP consultation rates as the primary outcome.ResultsMean annual GP clinical consultation rates were 8.10 per patient in 2000/2001, 6.91 in 2004/2005, and 7.09 in 2014/2015. Introduction of the QOF was associated with an annual change in the trend of GP clinical consultation rates of 0.46 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.23 to 0.69, P = 0.001) consultations per patient, giving a post-QOF trend increasing by 0.018 consultations per year. Introduction of the QOF was associated with an immediate stepped increase of ‘other’ out-of-hours and non-clinical encounters, and trend change of 0.57 (95% CI = 0.34 to 0.81, P<0.001) per year, resulting in a post-QOF trend increasing by 0.27 other encounters per year.ConclusionIntroduction of the QOF was associated with a modest increase in clinical GP consultation rates and substantial increase in other encounters for patients with diabetes independent of changes in diabetes prevalence. National prevalence of diabetes increased by 90.7% from 2004/2005 to 2014/2015, which, combined with this study’s findings, means GPs would have provided nearly double the number of consultations for patients with diabetes over this timescale.

An American Perspective of the Dental and Public Health Initiatives in Cuba

2021 ◽  
pp. 232020682110301
Author(s):  
Colleen Watson ◽  
Laura Rhein ◽  
Stephanie M. Fanelli
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Health System ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
National Health ◽  
National Health System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
The Us

Aim: To compare following the Cuban Revolution, Cuba’s economy and civil society was transformed by the initiation of a program of nationalization and political consolidation. The Cuban government operates a national health system and assumes fiscal and administrative responsibility for the healthcare of its citizens. Other industrialized nations continue to surpass the US in health-related outcomes indicating areas of improvement in its healthcare system. Assessing the successes and failures as well as the advantages and disadvantages of other countries’ healthcare systems may be instrumental in the development of modifications to the organization and delivery system of healthcare in the US. This paper aims to report the information attained from previous literature as well as from first-hand observations from a public health trip to Cuba in order to compare the healthcare systems in Cuba and the United States. Materials and Methods: A group of New York University College of Dentistry faculty and students traveled to Cuba in April 2019 for professional research and professional meetings (CFR 515.564). While in Cuba, the researchers took written notes of the lecture-based material and conversations. Upon return to the United States, published literature was searched for the collection of any additional data and all qualitative data and quantitative data was compiled and organized. Since 1959, Cuba has made continuous adjustments and improvements to its universal, free and accessible healthcare system. Results: There have been notable improvements to the country’s public health status, such as the implementation of an immunization program and subsequent eradication of communicable diseases, such as polio and rubella. Additionally, the implementation of the National Program on Dentistry guarantees dental care to all Cuban children under the age of 19. Today, the Cuban National Health System (NHS) initiatives have evolved to combat the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Conclusion: Recognizing the advantages as well as the disadvantages of the Cuba’s National Health System (NHS) would be useful for future policymakers in the United States. Cuban approaches to health could be tailored to the United States environment to improve healthcare effectiveness and population health status in the future.

A Systematic Approach towards the Typology of Functions of National Health System

2016 ◽  
pp. 179-212
Author(s):  
Mostafa Zamanian ◽  
Zohreh Karimmian
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
National Health ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
National Health System ◽  
National Development ◽  
Comprehensive Model ◽  
The Public ◽  
Functional Aspects ◽  
National Systems

As one of the main national systems in any country, the health system has always been considered by governments. What distinguishes health system from other systems is that its purpose is directly related to the public health. Different countries adopt different structural patterns in this field but one can consider relatively common functions for a national health system which includes all functional aspects for this system. In recent years, attempts have been made for offering a comprehensive model in describing the functions. The OECD determined principles needed to offer an appropriate typology that should be independent of the names of health programs in different countries. In this chapter, it's tried to provide an overview of the proposed models for structures and functions of the health system and to propose a comprehensive model for it with an emphasis on theoretical aspects of public policy-making and binding functions in any national development system. This comprehensive model, provides the possibility to evaluate the success of a health system.

A Systematic Approach towards the Typology of Functions of National Health System

2016 ◽  
pp. 1228-1256
Author(s):  
Mostafa Zamanian ◽  
Zohreh Karimmian
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
National Health ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
National Health System ◽  
National Development ◽  
Comprehensive Model ◽  
The Public ◽  
Functional Aspects ◽  
National Systems

As one of the main national systems in any country, the health system has always been considered by governments. What distinguishes health system from other systems is that its purpose is directly related to the public health. Different countries adopt different structural patterns in this field but one can consider relatively common functions for a national health system which includes all functional aspects for this system. In recent years, attempts have been made for offering a comprehensive model in describing the functions. The OECD determined principles needed to offer an appropriate typology that should be independent of the names of health programs in different countries. In this chapter, it's tried to provide an overview of the proposed models for structures and functions of the health system and to propose a comprehensive model for it with an emphasis on theoretical aspects of public policy-making and binding functions in any national development system. This comprehensive model, provides the possibility to evaluate the success of a health system.

Author response for "The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on oral biopsies in the Brazilian National Health System"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Ramos da Cunha ◽  
José Leopoldo Ferreira Antunes ◽  
Manoela Domingues Martins ◽  
Stefano Petti ◽  
Fernando Neves Hugo
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
National Health ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Author Response ◽  
The Impact
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