scholarly journals Numerical Prediction of the Seismic Behavior of Reassembled Columns in Ancient Structures: An Anastylosis Model for the Temple of Apollo Pythios in Gortyn (Crete)

Heritage ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 3421-3441
Author(s):  
Matteo Salvalaggio ◽  
Jacopo Bonetto ◽  
Matteo Zampar ◽  
Maria Rosa Valluzzi
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Seismic Behavior ◽  
Numerical Prediction ◽  
Stone Columns ◽  
Geometric Features ◽  
Compound Structure ◽  
The Temple ◽  
Over Time

The Temple of Apollo Pythios in Gortyn (Crete, Greece) dates back to the mid-7th century BC. The temple underwent several transformations and an ultimate destruction over time that resulted in the current remains of a Roman colonnade composed of six fragmented stone columns lying on the ground within the naos. In addition, the region was struck by several earthquakes which contributed to the various changes. The analysis of the fragments composing the column portions and their geometric features provided a possible outline for their standing repositioning. Based on the current seismic hazard of the region, a predictive numerical model of the colonnade in the anastylosis conditions suggested the need for proper connections between the fragments and the bases to ensure their overall conservation as a compound structure. The comparison of various configurations of intervention and the simple superimposition of the fragments also provided details on the accomplishment of minimal and compatible solutions.

The Temple Holiday Prokopy Day in Bolshelug Village of the Komi Republic Over Time (Based on Records of the Beginning of the 21st Century)

2021 ◽  
pp. 134-144
Author(s):  
Алексей Николаевич Рассыхаев
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Reliable Information ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Temple ◽  
The Church ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Ritual Practices ◽  
Oral Stories

В работе на основе полевых материалов начала XXI в. дана характеристика особенностей восприятия храмового праздника - Прокопьева дня (21 июля) в с. Большелуг Республики Коми. В устных рассказах информантов 1920-1960-х гг. наблюдается вариативность в его праздновании. Разнообразятся высказывания относительно количества дней празднования храмового праздника (от двух до четырех), даты начала и конца (от 19 до 24 июля), а также очередности гостевания в селе и ближайших деревнях. В условиях отсутствия достоверной информации о практике празднования Прокопьева дня, сложившейся в селе до 1930-х гг., происходит попытка «приватизировать» престольный праздник и начинают функционировать фольклорные рассказы о некогда обычной практике. Став главным общесельским праздником, Прокопьев день начинает притягивать различные ритуальные практики и обычаи (приметы, запреты и предписания). Данная ситуация развивается на фоне того, что в Большелуге церковь освящена во имя Свт. Николая, чудотворца и архиепископа Мир Ликийских, однако Николин день фольклорной традицией остается практически незамеченным. This paper is based on field materials from the beginning of the 21st century and describes the peculiarities of perception of the temple holiday (khramovoi or prestol’nyi prazdnik) - Prokopy Day (July 21) in the village of Bolshelug in the Komi Republic. Compared to oral stories of the 1920s and 1960s, there are variations in its later celebration. Various statements are made regarding the number of days the holiday is celebrated (from July 19 to 24), as well as the order of visiting in the village and in nearby villages. In the absence of reliable information about the practice of celebrating Prokopy Day which had been established in the village by the 1930s, attempts were made to “privatize” the feast day and to put into practice folkloric descriptions of the once common ritual. Having become the main village holiday, Prokopy Day also began to incorporate various new ritual practices and customs (omens, prohibitions and prescriptions). This process developed against the background of the fact that in Bolshelug the church was consecrated to St. Nicholas the Wonderworker and Archbishop of Myra, although St. Nicholas Day folklore has remained mostly overlooked.

A seismic behavior and numerical model of narrow paneled cross-laminated timber building

2019 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 9-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motoshi Sato ◽  
Hiroshi Isoda ◽  
Yasuhiro Araki ◽  
Takafumi Nakagawa ◽  
Naohito Kawai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Seismic Behavior ◽  
Cross Laminated Timber

Test of Solidification Characteristics of Grouting and the Effect on Strata Deformation in Shield Tunnelling

2012 ◽  
Vol 568 ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
Xiao Chun Zhong ◽  
Wei Ke Qin ◽  
Hai Wang
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Rigid Body ◽  
Active Control ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Shield Tunneling ◽  
Shield Tunnelling ◽  
Strata Deformation ◽  
Over Time

Back-fill Grouting is a key procedure for the active control of strata settlement during shield tunnelling in civil engineering. The paper studies the stress - strain characteristics of grouting and the state of grout, which changes from liquid to solid over time and is simulated by variable rigid body. The model of flowing state are divided in four phases from liquid-plastic to rigid state. The paper establish a numerical model of shield tunnelling in civil engineering with the consideration of characteristics of grout deformation, and has analyzed law of strata settlement. The test results show that the calculation method can well accord with the four stages of strata deformation, and can more accurately reflect the process of strata deformation caused by shield tunneling.

The reinforcement effect of vegetation on live cribwalls

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Gonzalez Ollauri ◽  
Slobodan Mickovski ◽  
Rohinton Emmanuel ◽  
Albert Sorolla Edo
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Empirical Knowledge ◽  
Reinforcement Effect ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
Over Time

<p>Live cribwalls are Nature-based solutions consisting of timber-based structures acting as retention walls at the toe of slopes and embankments subjected to instability and erosion events. The structure of live cribwalls resembles a multi-level crib made of timber logs from different plant species (e.g. pine, spruce, hazelnut, etc.). The crib structure is then backfilled with earth materials in which locally-available plant cuttings and/or saplings are inserted to establish a dense cover of native vegetation, providing added reinforcement and stability to the cribwall over time; particularly after the complete decay of the timber structure is reached. However, the effect of vegetation on the reinforcement of live cribwalls has not been examined systematically. Information on how vegetation can contribute to reinforce cribwalls hydrologically and mechanically is essential to evaluate the long-term performance of these Nature-based solutions against hydro-meteorological hazards. In this study, we propose a novel conceptual, numerical model based on empirical knowledge to evaluate the reinforcement effect of vegetation on live cribwalls over time. We also demonstrate how the proposed model can be applied to other Nature-based solutions concerned with slope protection and erosion control, such as live gratings or palisades.</p>

Ancient Egyptian Religion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Korshi Dosoo
Keyword(s):  
Religious Practice ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Egyptian Religion ◽  
The World ◽  
Major Break ◽  
Funerary Rites ◽  
The Temple ◽  
Over Time

While ancient Egyptians had no conception of religion as a distinct sphere of life, modern scholars have identified a wide range of Egyptian beliefs and practices relating to the divine. Egyptian religion can be traced back to predynastic times, and it developed continuously until the decline of temple religion in the Roman Period. Three mythic cycles are key to its understanding: the creation of the world, and the related solar cycle, which describe the origin and maintenance of the world, and the Osiris cycle, which provides a justification for the human institutions of kingship and funerary rites. Egyptian religion may be seen as being centered on its temples, which functioned both as sites for the worship of the resident gods and the elaboration of their theologies and as important economic and political centers. In addition to gods, three other categories of divine beings played important roles in Egyptian religious practice: kings, sacred and divine animals, and the dead. The king was intimately involved in the temple religion, as the mediator between the divine and human spheres, the patron of the temples, and the beneficiary of his own rituals, while divine and sacred animals seem to have been likewise understood as living embodiments of divine power. Death was understood through a range of metaphors, to which the ritual response was to link the deceased to one or more of the cosmic cycles through practices aimed at translating them into the divine sphere and thus ensuring their continued existence. As with all aspects of the religion, these rituals changed over time but show remarkable consistency throughout recorded history. Alongside these rituals centered on temple, royal, and funerary cults, a number of personal religious practices have been reconstructed as well as one major break in continuity, the “Amarna Revolution,” in which the ruling king seems to have briefly instituted a form of monotheism.

The Southern Chamber of Amun in the Temple of Hatshepsut at Deir el-Bahari: three seasons of epigraphic studies from 2013 to 2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-218
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kapiec
Keyword(s):  
The Temple ◽  
Wall Decoration ◽  
Over Time

The Southern Room of Amun Project is one of the egyptological projects of the PCMA’s Polish–Egyptian Archaeological and Conservation Mission in the Temple of Hatshepsut at Deir el-Bahari. The paper presents epigraphic work carried out in this room between 2014 and 2015, during which almost the entire wall decoration was recorded. The article is a wall-by-wall presentation, paying special attention to the most important transformations of the reliefs over time

scholarly journals Validating Visual Modflow Numerical Model to Predict Future Impact of Brine Disposal on Groundwater

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Neveen B. Abd El-Mageed ◽  
Muhammad A. Abdul-Muttalib ◽  
Yasmen A. Heiba
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Numerical Code ◽  
Visual Modflow ◽  
Brine Disposal ◽  
Acceptable Agreement ◽  
Over Time

The aim of this research was to simulate the brine disposal fate within an aquifer. The Visual MODFLOW numerical code was used to predict the salt concentration emigration over time in an aquifer. The model was calibrated using laboratory experimental data. The model results revealed that there is an acceptable agreement between the observed and simulated data.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document