Marina el-Alamein as an Example of Painting Decoration of Main Spaces of Hellenistic-Roman Houses in Egypt

The article is based on the research conducted by the authors. The houses from the ancient town discovered in 1985 on the Mediterranean coast at the location of today’s Marina el-Alamein, are among the rare remains of Egyptian residential buildings from Hellenistic and Roman times. There are few remains of houses from this period in major cities, including the capital of Alexandria. The ancient town, which functioned under the influence of nearby Alexandria, developed from the second century BC to the sixth century AD. Various types of buildings, relatively well preserved here, provide information on a reduced scale about the architecture of Alexandria, as well as the lives of its inhabitants. This also applies in particular to residential houses, their décor and colours. The ancient town of Marina el-Alamein can be seen as demonstrating solutions that are more common. The present article aims to analyse the preserved remains of painting decoration in the main spaces of houses and attempts to reconstruct forms and the principles of their creation on the background of better-known solutions from other regions. Houses in Marina generally implemented layouts defined by flagstone-paved portico courtyards, sporadically taking the form of an incomplete peristyle, and reception halls oikos, which could be accompanied by smaller adjoining rooms. Both the columns and entablature with the cornices of the porticoes as well as the walls of the main rooms were painted. Wall decoration was organised by geometric partitions, filled in variously. The aedicula that served religious purposes, placed centrally in the rear walls of the main reception rooms, was also polychrome. The painted decoration can be reconstructed from the preserved remains, as rich and intensely colourful, similar to Hellenistic and Roman layouts from other regions, but differing in details.

PELATIHAN MOZAIK BAGI SISWA-SISWI DI SMP MUHAMMADIYAH PADANGPANJANG

ABSTRAKPengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Dengan Judul ”Pelatihan Mozaik Bagi Siswa-Siswi Di Smp Muhammadiyah Padangpanjang” ini bertujuan supaya siswa dan siswi di SMP Muhammadiyah Padangpanjang mampu untuk membuat benda kerajinan berupa hiasan dinding dengan teknik mozaik. Mozaik merupakan sebuah teknik dalam seni dekorasi dan juga merupakan aspek dari dekorasi interior. Sasaran dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah siswa dan siswi SMP Muhamadiyah Padang Panjang Sumatera Barat. Pelatihan ini dilakukan dengan dua metode yaitu metode ceramah dan metode demonstrasi. Metode ceramah dilakukan dengan cara memberikan penjelasan kepada siswa dan siswi di SMP Muhammadiyah Padangpanjang tentang apa itu mozaik, bahan dan alat yang digunakan dalam pembuatan mozaik. Memberikan penjelasan kepada siswa dan siswi bagaimana membuat karya dengan memanfaatkan bahan alam yang ada disekitar lingkungan mereka untuk dijadikan karya seni berupa hiasan dinding. Metode demontrasi dilakukan dengan cara praktek langsung bagaimana proses pembuatan produk dengan teknik mozaik berupa hiasan dinding. Kegiatan ini dimulai dengan penyedian alat dan bahan untuk mozaik seperti daun-daunan, ranting, serbuk ketem dan lain-lain Hasil yang dicapai dari kegiatan pelatihan mozaik ini adalah hampir semua siswa dan siswi mampu memahami apa itu teknik mozaik dan mereka mampu untuk membuat hiasan dinding dengan teknik mozaik dengan bentuk dan motif yang berbeda-beda antara satu anak dengan anak yang lain sehingga memiliki nilai keindahan tersendiri bagi orang yang melihatnya.. Kata kunci: mozaik; bahan; lingkungan; hiasan dinding . ABSTRACTThis Community Service with the title "Mosaic Training for Students at SMP Muhammadiyah Padangpanjang" aims to enable students at SMP Muhammadiyah Padangpanjang to be able to make handicrafts in the form of wall hangings with the mosaic technique. Mosaic is a technique in the art of decoration and is also an aspect of interior decoration. The target of this service activity is the students of SMP Muhammadiyah Padang Panjang, West Sumatra. This training was conducted using two methods, namely the lecture method and the demonstration method. The lecture method is carried out by giving explanations to students at SMP Muhammadiyah Padangpanjang about what a mosaic is, the materials and tools used in making a mosaic. Provide an explanation to students and students how to make works by utilizing natural materials that are around their environment to be used as works of art in the form of wall decorations. The demonstration method is carried out by direct practice how the process of making products with mosaic techniques in the form of wall hangings. This activity begins with the provision of tools and materials for mosaics such as leaves, twigs, ketem powder and others. The results achieved from this mosaic training activity are that almost all students are able to understand what a mosaic technique is and they are able to make wall decorations. with a mosaic technique with different shapes and motifs from one child to another so that it has its own beauty value for people who see it. Keywords: mosaic; material; environment; wall decoration.

Third Report on the Publication and Conservation of the Tomb of Ramesses III in the Valley of the Kings (KV 11)

Since antiquity, the tomb of Ramesses III (KV 11) has been among the most frequently visited royal tombs in the Valley of the Kings. It was also one of the first to be described and documented in detail by European travellers in the eighteenth to nineteenth centuries. As large parts of the wall decoration of the tomb, especially in its rear, are now destroyed, the drawings, notes and squeezes of those early researchers who saw the site in its former splendour offer an invaluable resource for the reconstruction of the tomb’s unique decoration programme. The collection, revision, and publication of all relevant archive material concerning KV 11 is an important goal of The Ramesses III (KV 11) Publication and Conservation Project. The following article reports on first and preliminary results from the authors’ research in the archives of the British Library and the Victoria and Albert Museum in London, as well as the Bodleian Libraries and the Griffith Institute in Oxford, carried out in September 2019 and made possible through the Centenary Award 2019 of the Egypt Exploration Society.

REGULARIZED REBUILD WORKFLOW OF HBIM FOR BUILT HERITAGE DOCUMENTATION

Historic Building Information Modelling is a continuous process based on reverse engineering of built heritage. By reviewing the research on HBIM with the case study, this article analyzes the combination logic between different components, based on which designs an algorithm program for automatic model generation, and proposes a regularized rebuild workflow to realize the informatization and parameterized documentation of built heritage. This article proposes the parametric workflow based on Rhino + Grasshopper + Revit / OpenBuildings Designer, establishes the information index framework under the guidance of the HBIM model, and proposes the key technologies of informatization and parameterization of architectural heritage protection records. With reference to the point cloud, mapping map, survey photos, and documents, the regularized rebuild is carried out, and all the parameter nodes are visualized to facilitate error correction and modification. The framework of the regularized rebuild workflow is defined, and the problems of packet grouping principle, component combination mode, and output type are solved, and the algorithm principle is described in detail. According to the construction logic, the single building consists of six parts: tile roof, rafter, wooden carpentry, wall, decoration, and foundation. The work of investigation, modeling, and additional professional data are carried out by parts and items to create a "digital twin". This article solves the modeling problem of complex shape and node, and further improves the working method during the survey, and proposes to use an algorithm module to realize real-time association between professional data and model. Taking the grid system, wall brick, balustrade, tile roof, rafter as examples, through compiling and debugging in Grasshopper compiler environment, according to different input parameters, the program automatically outputs the corresponding model and contains professional data, which proves that the program is fast and accurate. The regularized rebuild workflow for HBIM by reference to point cloud is realized.

The combined use of SEM-EDX, Raman, ATR-FTIR and visible reflectance techniques for the characterisation of Roman wall painting pigments from Monte d’Oro area (Rome): an insight into red, yellow and pink shades

The aim of this work has been the identification of the painter’s materials employed in the wall decoration of some destroyed buildings dating approximately between the first century B.C. and the first century A.D. This research originates from a previously started joined archaeological and analytical investigation concerning a varied group of findings that resulted from a rescue excavation performed by Soprintendenza Archeologica in the area of Monte d’Oro in Rome. The focus of this study progression has been directed to a numerous selection of monochrome red, pink and yellow-pigmented fragments. The analyses were performed by means of scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) combined with Raman and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies; visible reflectance measurements have also been carried out and the relevance of this technique in such a kind of archaeological studies has been highlighted. Most attention has been given to the assessment of the performances of non-destructive techniques achieved by portable Raman, and visible reflectance instrumentation to test their diagnostic capabilities. In addition to the expected and well-known pigments such as cinnabar, red ochre, hematite for the reds and yellow ochre for the yellows, the study highlighted a diffuse use of mixed colours and in some cases the possible presence of overlapped painted layers and confirmed the presence of gildings. Among the mixtures of pigments, the most singular outcome concerns the pink fragments revealing the possible application of bone white, which seems to be rather uncommon as a pigment in Roman wall decorations.

IbM Pembuatan Tenun Bukan Mesin (Tbm) Bermotif Untuk Bahan Baku Kerajinan Tangan di Desa Waung Kecamatan Boyolangu Kabupaten Tulungagung

The people of Waung have been blessed with a non –machinery waving skill (Tenun Bukan Mesin/ TBM) which learned from their ancestors. The product is not only seen as a beautiful art but it has also an added economic value. It can contribute to the increase of the family income if the product can meet what the market really needs and well managed. The traditional waving has not developed fast in the coming of modern era because of its limited use, competiveness and conventional marketing. Only the women usually buy it used as a corset. These facts indicate that they have got the productive and the managerial problems. They rarely get any training to produce waving with a new trend and to expand their market using IT. To solve problems there should be productive and managerial training programs to protect them so can be preserved as a meaningful Indonesian heritage and even will elevate people’s income as well. The training aims to equip the people with the skills how to make motif waving as a raw material to produce the various kinds of accessories/souvenirs (wallet, tissue box, wall decoration, pillowcase, bag, pencil case). In the managerial domain, people are importantly enriched with the skills to make financial report and make on-line marketing. The method uses social approach. This means that group of waving community, housewives, unemployed youth, stakeholders get involved during the implementation of the program from planning evaluation. Abstrak Desa Waung Kecamatan Boyolangu Kabupaten Tulungagung memiliki potensi membuat tenun bukan mesin (TBM). Potensi ini adalah berkah karena tenun tidak hanya memiliki nilai ekonomi tetapi bernilai seni. Permasalahan yang dihadapi kedua mitra terkait dengan Sumber Daya Manusia, produksi dan manajemen. Mereka tidak memiliki pengetahuan dan ketrampilan bagaimana cara membuat tenun bermotif agar ketrampilan menenun tanpa mesin bisa berlanjut menjadi warisan budaya, memiliki nilai seni yang bernilai jual tinggi dan memiliki beraneka ragam manfaat sehingga menjadi sumber tambahan penghasilan masyarakat. Sedangkan masalah aspek manajemen bagaimana cara memasarkan hasil Kerajinan Tenun Bermotif sehingga jangkauan pemasaran lebih luas dengan memaksimalkan IT. Solusi dari permasalahan ini, pertama dengan memproduksi tenun bukan mesin (TBM) bermotif sebagai bahan baku kerajinan tangan tenun seperti dompet, tempat tisu, hiasan dinding, sarung bantal, tas, kotak pensil. Kedua, peningkatan kualitas SDM melalui berbagai kegiatan pelatihan terkait dengan manajemen SDM, produksi, keuangan dan pemasaran berbasis online. Metode pelaksanaan melibatkan kelompok pengarajin tenun bukan mesin, ibu-ibu rumah tangga, remaja belum bekerja, pemangku kepentingan, masyarakat terlibat dalam berbagai tahapan kegiatan mulai dari perencanaan sampai evaluasi dalam beberapa tahapan (sosialisasi, perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi).

Javanese People's Acceptance of Arabic Calligraphy as Home Decoration

The interweaving of Arabic calligraphy letters is a combination of artistic art. Arabic calligraphy is giving rise to aspects of visual beauty that can be enjoyed and created a sense of joy. It can encourage people to get closer to Allah, love for goodness, nobility, and so on. Arabic calligraphy is infused into the hearts of those who see, by the meaning of the text. Apart from being a form of reception for one of the verses in the Koran, namely in the verse al-Kursī, calligraphy has developed in various forms and includes various functions and fields that are indirectly connected with the text of the Quran. Starting from the context of the Koran alone, and the spiritual substance of the Koran that continues to live in all aspects of traditional Islamic calligraphy. Calligraphy is also the choice of Muslims in Central Java to decorate the walls of their homes. The choice of calligraphy to decorate the walls of the house is based on various reasons, ranging from aesthetic, religious, to magical reasons. This research was conducted to conduct a more in-depth analysis of the Central Javanese people's reception of Arabic calligraphy as a home decoration and to analyze the reasons for choosing Arabic calligraphy as a home wall decoration for the Muslim community of Central Java. This research is qualitative research with a phenomenological research design. The data collection technique is done using documentation techniques, interviews, and distributing questionnaires. The questionnaire was created using a combination open and closed question model for all groups of respondents. Data analysis in this study used statistical calculations on respondents' answers to the questionnaire, which were analyzed qualitatively. The research subjects were the Muslim community in Central Java, totaling 164 adults. When viewed from the gender of the respondents, 91 people (or 55% of respondents) were male, and 73 people (or 45% of respondents) were female. Calligraphy is a medium for conveying religious messages through language. The language chosen is a significant or straightforward language that is easy to understand or understand in sentences. The writing style displays beautiful shapes so that the type of style that is elastic or flexible and easy to create is chosen to make a beautiful impression, namely the tsutust and naskhiy types. The artistic expression that most strongly displays the substance of calligraphy is the traditional expression that has been chosen as an artistic expression. Figural and expressionist forms of expression were chosen because of their role in providing new nuances of free calligraphic expression