Differences in Age-Standardized Mortality Rates for Avoidable Deaths Based on Urbanization Levels in Taiwan, 1971–2008

Abstract: The objective of this study was to analyze the level and trend of avoidable deaths and non-avoidable deaths and their contribution to the change in life expectancy in Latin America by studying the situations in Argentina, Chile, Colombia and Mexico between the years 2000 and 2011, stratified by sex and 5-year age groups. The information source used in this study was the mortality vital statistics, and the population data were obtained from censuses or estimates. The proposal by Nolte & McKee (2012) was used to calculate the standardized mortality rates and the influence from avoidable and non-avoidable causes in the change in life expectancy between 0 and 74 years. In Argentina, Chile and Colombia, all the rates declined between the years 2000 and 2011, whereas in Mexico, the avoidable deaths and non-avoidable deaths rates increased slightly for men and decreased for women. In all the countries, the non-avoidable death rates were higher than the avoidable death rates, and the rates were higher for men. The largest contributions to changes in life expectancy were explained by the non-avoidable deaths for men in all countries and for women in Argentina; in contrast, in Chile, Colombia and Mexico, the gains in years of life expectancy for women were mainly a result of avoidable causes. The results suggest there have been reductions in mortality from these causes that have resulted in gains in years of life expectancy in the region. Despite these achievements, differences between countries, sex and age groups are still present, without any noticeable progress in the reduction of these inequalities until now.

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Avoidable mortality among parents whose children were placed in care in Sweden: A retrospective matched cohort study

International Journal for Population Data Science ◽

10.23889/ijpds.v3i4.607 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Elizabeth Wall-Wieler ◽

Bo Vinnerljung ◽

Can Liu ◽

Leslie Roos ◽

Anders Hjern

Keyword(s):

Well Being ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Health Interventions ◽

Mortality Data ◽

Matched Cohort ◽

Avoidable Mortality ◽

Avoidable Deaths ◽

Hazard Ratios ◽

Reduce Risk ◽

Health And Well Being

IntroductionSeparation from one’s child can have significant consequences for parental health and well-being. Objectives and ApproachWe aimed to investigate whether parents whose children were placed in care had higher rates of avoidable (amenable and preventable) mortality. Data were obtained from the Swedish national registers. Mortality rates among parents whose children were placed in care between 1990 and 2012 (17 505 mothers, 18 286 fathers) were compared with a 5:1 matched cohort of parents whose children were not placed. We computed rate differences and hazard ratios of all-cause and avoidable mortality. ResultsWhen compared with parents who did not have a child placed in care, there were an additional 21 avoidable deaths per 10 000-person years among mothers and an additional 27 avoidable deaths per 10 000-person years among fathers whose children were placed in care. Among mothers, death due to preventable causes were 3·83 times greater (95% CI 2·82-5·21) and deaths due to amenable causes were 3·12 times greater (95% CI 2·07-4·69) for those whose children were placed in care. Among fathers, death due to preventable causes was 1·75 times greater (95% CI 1·41-2·16) and deaths due to amenable causes were 1·52 times greater (95% CI 1·08- 2·13) for those whose children were placed in care. Avoidable mortality rates were higher among mothers whose children were young when placed in care and parents whose children were all placed in care. Conclusion/ImplicationsMothers who had a young child placed and parents whose children were all placed in care are at much higher risk of avoidable mortality than parents whose children were not placed in care. Targeted public health interventions and more attentive health care could reduce risk of avoidable mortality in this group of parents.

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133: Comparisons of Prostate Cancer Mortality Rates with Changes in Dietary Practices in the United States from 1930 to 2000

The Journal of Urology ◽

10.1016/s0022-5347(18)32400-5 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 175 (4S) ◽

pp. 42-43

Author(s):

Jan L. Colli ◽

Albert Colli

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

United States ◽

Cancer Mortality ◽

The United States ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Dietary Practices ◽

Prostate Cancer Mortality

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Inequalities and Impact of Socioeconomic-Cultural Factors in Suicide Rates Across Italy

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000084 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 178-185 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Maurizio Pompili ◽

Marco Innamorati ◽

Monica Vichi ◽

Maria Masocco ◽

Nicola Vanacore ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Suicide Rate ◽

Age Groups ◽

Premature Death ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Mortality Data ◽

Italian Population ◽

Comprehensive Overview ◽

Suicide Rates ◽

Younger Age ◽

Age And Sex

Background: Suicide is a major cause of premature death in Italy and occurs at different rates in the various regions. Aims: The aim of the present study was to provide a comprehensive overview of suicide in the Italian population aged 15 years and older for the years 1980–2006. Methods: Mortality data were extracted from the Italian Mortality Database. Results: Mortality rates for suicide in Italy reached a peak in 1985 and declined thereafter. The different patterns observed by age and sex indicated that the decrease in the suicide rate in Italy was initially the result of declining rates in those aged 45+ while, from 1997 on, the decrease was attributable principally to a reduction in suicide rates among the younger age groups. It was found that socioeconomic factors underlined major differences in the suicide rate across regions. Conclusions: The present study confirmed that suicide is a multifaceted phenomenon that may be determined by an array of factors. Suicide prevention should, therefore, be targeted to identifiable high-risk sociocultural groups in each country.

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