scholarly journals Avoidable mortality among parents whose children were placed in care in Sweden: A retrospective matched cohort study

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Wall-Wieler ◽  
Bo Vinnerljung ◽  
Can Liu ◽  
Leslie Roos ◽  
Anders Hjern
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Matched Cohort ◽  
Avoidable Mortality ◽  
Avoidable Deaths ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Reduce Risk ◽  
Health And Well Being

IntroductionSeparation from one’s child can have significant consequences for parental health and well-being. Objectives and ApproachWe aimed to investigate whether parents whose children were placed in care had higher rates of avoidable (amenable and preventable) mortality. Data were obtained from the Swedish national registers. Mortality rates among parents whose children were placed in care between 1990 and 2012 (17 505 mothers, 18 286 fathers) were compared with a 5:1 matched cohort of parents whose children were not placed. We computed rate differences and hazard ratios of all-cause and avoidable mortality. ResultsWhen compared with parents who did not have a child placed in care, there were an additional 21 avoidable deaths per 10 000-person years among mothers and an additional 27 avoidable deaths per 10 000-person years among fathers whose children were placed in care. Among mothers, death due to preventable causes were 3·83 times greater (95% CI 2·82-5·21) and deaths due to amenable causes were 3·12 times greater (95% CI 2·07-4·69) for those whose children were placed in care. Among fathers, death due to preventable causes was 1·75 times greater (95% CI 1·41-2·16) and deaths due to amenable causes were 1·52 times greater (95% CI 1·08- 2·13) for those whose children were placed in care. Avoidable mortality rates were higher among mothers whose children were young when placed in care and parents whose children were all placed in care. Conclusion/ImplicationsMothers who had a young child placed and parents whose children were all placed in care are at much higher risk of avoidable mortality than parents whose children were not placed in care. Targeted public health interventions and more attentive health care could reduce risk of avoidable mortality in this group of parents.

Avoidable mortality among parents whose children were placed in care in Sweden: a population-based study

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 1091-1098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Wall-Wieler ◽  
Bo Vinnerljung ◽  
Can Liu ◽  
Leslie L Roos ◽  
Anders Hjern
Keyword(s):  
Home Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Matched Cohort ◽  
Avoidable Mortality ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Parental Health ◽  
Out Of Home Care ◽  
Health And Well Being

BackgroundSeparation from one’s child can have significant consequences for parental health and well-being. We aimed to investigate whether parents whose children were placed in care had higher rates of avoidable mortality.MethodsData were obtained from the Swedish national registers. Mortality rates among parents whose children were placed in care between 1990 and 2012 (17 503 mothers, 18 298 fathers) were compared with a 1:5 matched cohort of parents whose children were not placed. We computed rate differences and HRs of all-cause and avoidable mortality.ResultsAmong mothers, deaths due to preventable causes were 3.09 times greater (95% CI 2.24 to 4.26) and deaths due to amenable causes were 3.04 times greater (95% CI 2.03 to 4.57) for those whose children were placed in care. Among fathers, death due to preventable causes were 1.64 times greater (95% CI 1.32 to 2.02) and deaths due to amenable causes were 1.84 times greater (95% CI 1.33 to 2.55) for those whose children were placed in care. Avoidable mortality rates were higher among mothers whose children were young when placed in care and among parents whose children were all placed in care.ConclusionsParents who had a child placed in out-of-home care are at higher risk of avoidable mortality. Interventions targeting mothers who had a child aged less than 13 placed in care, and parents whose children were all placed in care could have the greatest impact in reducing avoidable mortality in this population.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-58
Author(s):  
Philip Kreager ◽  
Vénique Petit ◽  
Kaveri Qureshi ◽  
Yves Charbit
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Principal Parts ◽  
Historical Methods ◽  
Health And Well Being

Anthropological demography in recent decades has expanded beyond a focus on fertility regulation shared initially with demography, taking on a much wider range of health issues, and locating them in the context of inequalities that have frequently given rise to major differentials of health and well-being. Key problems involve collaborative research with genetics, epidemiology, gerontology, clinical practice, linguistics, social and medical history, and also with historical and contemporary demography. This work prioritizes bottom-up inquiry, in which ethnography is combined with quantitative and historical methods. The approach provides more than substantive knowledge of the role of cultural and social formations in health variation; it enables examination of how local institutions and experience are translated into the demographic and health measures on which survey and clinical programmes rely. We are then in a position to consider the empirical adequacy of such translation, what happens when models and measures become standardized evaluations of health statuses, and what this implies for governance. The five principal parts of the book chart components of the current agenda, drawing on recent conceptual and methodological advances, with each section providing detailed case studies. Main themes include: the historical background to demographic governance and its continuing influence on health interventions in the global South; demographic translation—the analysis of whether conventional research and administrative instruments render people’s health experience accurately; compositional demography—the identification of local population units and structures that track people’s agency in health-seeking behaviour; and the reconceptualization of reproductive and related risks that this approach enables.

scholarly journals Personality and Subjective Well-Being: Towards Personalized Persuasive Interventions for Health and Well-Being

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aisha Muhammad Abdullahi ◽  
Rita Orji ◽  
Abbas Muhammad Rabiu ◽  
Abdullahi Abubakar Kawu
Keyword(s):  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Advance Research ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Health And Well Being

Subjective well-being (SWB) is an individual’s judgment about their overall well-being. Research has shown that activities that elevate people’s sense of SWB have a significant effect on their overall health. There are two dimensions of SWB: Affective and Cognitive dimensions. However, studies on SWB usually focus more on one dimension, ignoring the other dimension. Also, most existing studies on SWB focused on individuals from Western cultures. Research has shown that the influence of personality on the subjective well-being components is moderated by culture. Thus, to advance research in personalizing persuasive health interventions, this study focuses on Africans (n=732). Specifically, we investigate the relationship between the Big-Five personality traits and both dimensions of SWB using the constructs: Happiness, Satisfaction with Life, Social, Psychological and Emotional well-being. Our results reveal that to design PTs to promote SWB for people high in Agreeableness, designers should focus on designing to promote their feeling of Happiness and Social Well-being, while for Neuroticism, designers should focus on designing to promote Psychological well-being and Emotional well-being. Based on our findings, we offer guidelines for tailoring persuasive health interventions to promote individuals’ SWB based on their personality.

Environmental Health in Latin American Countries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Augusto Cassanha Galvao ◽  
Volney Câmara ◽  
Daniel Buss
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Environmental Interventions ◽  
Health And Well Being

The relationship between environment and health is part of the history of medicine and has always been important to any study of human health and to public-health interventions. In Latin America many health improvements are related to environmental interventions, such as the provision of better water and sanitation services. Latin America’s development, industrialization, and sweeping urbanization have brought many improvements to the well-being of its populations; they have also inaugurated new societies, with new patterns of consumption. The region’s basic environmental-health interventions have needed to be updated and upgraded to include disciplines such as toxicology, environmental epidemiology, environmental engineering, and many others. Multidisciplinary and inter-sector approaches are paramount to understanding new profiles of health and well-being, and to promoting effective public-health interventions. The new social, economic, labor, and consumption aspects of modern Latin American society have become more and more relevant to understanding the complex interactions in the region’s social, biological, and physical environment, which are essential to explaining some of the emerging and re-emerging public-health problems. Environmental health, as concept and as intervention, is simple and easily understood, but no longer sufficient to achieve the levels of health and well-being expected and required by these new realities. Many global changes such as climate change, biodiversity loss, and mass migrations has been identified as main cause of ill health and are at the center of the sustainable development challenges in general, and many are critical and specific public health. To face this development, other frameworks have emerged, such as planetary health and environmental and social determinants of health. Public health remains central to some, such as the improved environmental-health agenda, while others assign public health a relative position in a variety of overarching frameworks.

An Overview of Ethics and How Public Health Does Its Work

2019 ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Holly A. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Health Law ◽  
Health It ◽  
Personal Liberty ◽  
Federal Organizations ◽  
Health And Well Being

Modern public health in the United States is conducted by a network of private, public, local, state, tribal, and federal organizations, agencies, individuals, and communities. The ethical mandate of public health has always been to protect and promote the health and well-being of the population. This chapter introduces the ways in which public health actors work to achieve those goals, and how their efforts can be squared with the quintessential American value of personal liberty, as well as with the increasing recognition of the importance of justice as a foundation for public health. It also provides chapter overviews for the related section of The Oxford Handbook of Public Health Ethics, which includes chapters on the ethics and public health system, public health interventions, and public health law and regulation.

The Consequences of Uncontrolled Epilepsy

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Sperling
Keyword(s):  
Seizure Control ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Course Of Illness ◽  
Marriage Rates ◽  
Bodily Injury ◽  
Refractory Seizures ◽  
Health And Well Being

AbstractThe consequences of epilepsy can be quite severe and include shortened lifespan, excessive bodily injury, neuropsychological and psychiatric impairment, and social disability. There is evidence that seizures cause brain injury, including neuronal death and physiological dysfunction. Mortality rates are 4—7 times higher in people with medically refractory seizures, and injury rates are substantial, ranging from one per 20 person-years to as much as one per 3 person-years. Quality of life is impaired in epilepsy, and relates to seizure control. Psychosocial disabilities, including lower social interaction with reduced marriage rates and reduced employment levels, are more common in people with refractory seizures. Complete seizure control is desirable, since seizures potentially constitute a serious threat to health and well-being. Therefore, satisfactory seizure control should be defined as having no seizures. Treatment should be directed to preventing seizures whenever possible and achieving control early in the course of illness. The risks of uncontrolled seizures outweigh the risks of aggressive medical or surgical therapy.

scholarly journals Universal Design as a Paradigm for Providing Health Interventions for Older Adults 1

Care Weekly ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Peter J. Snyder
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Universal Design ◽  
Industrial Design ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Design Philosophy ◽  
Applied Approach ◽  
Health And Well Being

Universal Design is a broadly applied approach within the industrial design (ID) field that has, as its hallmark characteristic, the goal of inclusivity. This design philosophy allows the ID professional to play a role as an extended member of the caregiving team for older adults by creating products, services and solutions with a design ethic that has direct effects on their health and well-being.

The Promise of Integrative Nursing

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Koithan
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Healing Relationships ◽  
Reduce Risk ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Care System

The U.S. health care system requires transformative changes that reduce risk and improve overall well-being while increasing access, quality, safety, and affordability. Integrative nursing can serve as a road map to care that is culturally safe, personalized, and meaningful. Using exemplar case studies, we explore both opportunities and challenges to care that advances the health and well-being of persons, families, and communities through caring/healing relationships.

scholarly journals Exploring Digital Health Use and Opinions of University Students: Field Survey Study (Preprint)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Montagni ◽  
Tanguy Cariou ◽  
Tiphaine Feuillet ◽  
Emmanuel Langlois ◽  
Christophe Tzourio
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
University Students ◽  
General Health ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Health And Well Being

BACKGROUND During university, students face some potentially serious health risks, and their lifestyle can have a direct effect on health and health behaviors later in life. Concurrently, university students are digital natives having easy access to the internet and new technologies. Digital health interventions offer promising new opportunities for health promotion, disease prevention, and care in this specific population. The description of the current use of and opinions on digital health among university students can inform future digital health strategies and interventions within university settings. OBJECTIVE The aim of this exploratory study was to report on university students’ use and opinions regarding information and communication technologies for health and well-being, taking into account sociodemographic and self-rated general and mental health correlates. METHODS This field survey was conducted from March to April 2017. An informed consent form and a paper questionnaire were given to students aged 18 to 24 years in 4 university campuses in Bordeaux, France. The survey was formulated in 3 sections: (1) sociodemographic characteristics and self-rated general and mental health, (2) information about the use of digital health, and (3) opinions about digital health. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and tests of independence. RESULTS A total of 59.8% (303/507 females) students completed the questionnaire. Concerning digital health use, 34.9% (174/498) had at least 1 health app mostly for physical activity (49.4%, 86/174) and general health monitoring (41.4%, 72/174,), but only 3.9% (20/507) of students had a wearable device. Almost all (94.8%, 450/476) had searched for Web-based health-related information at least once in the last 12 months. The most sought health-related topics were nutrition (68.1%, 324/476); pain and illnesses (64.5%, 307/476); and stress, anxiety, or depression (51.1%, 243/476). Although Wikipedia (79.7%, 357/448) and general health websites (349/448, 77.9%) were the most consulted sources, students considered institutional or official websites as the most credible sources (309/335, 92.2%). There were significant differences in digital health use by gender, field, and year of study. No statistically significant association was found between digital health use and self-rated general and mental health status. Concerning opinions on digital health, although 94.1% (475/505) of students estimated that today’s digital health cannot replace traditional health services and medical consultations, 44.6% (207/464) of students declared that this could be possible in the future, provided that digital health interventions are promoted by institutional or official entities. CONCLUSIONS University students are largely using the internet for health information seeking, but using less mobile health apps and very few wearable devices. Our data suggest that digital health has the potential for improving health and well-being at the university, especially if digital health interventions take into account students’ profiles, interests, and needs.

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