scholarly journals Using Principal Components Analysis and IDW Interpolation to Determine Spatial and Temporal Changes of Surface Water Quality of Xin’anjiang River in Huangshan, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjie Yang ◽  
Yue Zhao ◽  
Dong Wang ◽  
Huihui Wu ◽  
Aijun Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Sampling Point

This study was aimed at assessing the spatial and temporal distribution of surface water quality variables of the Xin’anjiang River (Huangshan). For this purpose, 960 water samples were collected monthly along the Xin’anjiang River from 2008 to 2017. Twenty-four water quality indicators, according to the environmental quality standards for surface water (GB 3838-2002), were detected to evaluate the water quality of the Xin’anjiang River over the past 10 years. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to comprehensively evaluate the water quality across eight monitoring stations and analyze the sources of water pollution. The results showed that all samples could be analyzed by three main components, which accounted for 87.24% of the total variance. PCA technology identified important water quality parameters and revealed that nutrient pollution and organic pollution are major latent factors which influence the water quality of Xin’anjiang River. It also showed that agricultural activities, erosion, domestic, and industrial discharges are fundamental causes of water pollution in the study area. It is of great significance for water quality safety management and pollution control of the Xin’anjiang River. Meanwhile, the inverse distance weighted (IDW) method was used to interpolate the PCA comprehensive score. Based on this, the temporal and spatial structure and changing characteristics of water quality in the Xin’anjiang River were analyzed. We found that the overall water quality of Xin’anjiang River (Huangshan) was stable from 2008 to 2017, but the pollution of the Pukou sampling point was of great concern. The results of IDW helped us to identify key areas requiring control in the Xin’anjiang River, which pointed the way for further delicacy management of the river. This study proved that the combination of PCA and IDW interpolation is an effective tool for determining surface water quality. It was of great significance for the control of water pollution in Xin’anjiang River and the reduction of eutrophication pressure in Thousand Island Lake.

scholarly journals Effects of Dumping Solid Waste on Water Quality of Surface Water Bodies

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Afshan Urooj ◽  
Rida Ilyas ◽  
Nimrud Humayun Humayun
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Waterborne Diseases ◽  
Water Parameters ◽  
Surface Water Bodies

Water pollution has been a hot debate for government and scientists. in addition, protecting river water quality is exceedingly immediate because of serious water pollution and global scarcity of water reservoir. This study was conducted to assess the effect of solid waste dumping on surface water quality. In return to achieve this, water samples were obtained in different months from site. Below site was selected due to the dumps on surface water. Water parameters pH, turbidity conductivity and temperature were determined using pH/conductivity meter, Most the values are within the permissible limits, but all the samples do not fulfill WHO requirements, site may have effects on human health due to waterborne diseases and on soil fertility.

Multivariate statistical techniques for the assessment of surface water quality of Fuji River Basin, Japan

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Shrestha ◽  
F. Kazama
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Discharge Temperature

Different multivariate statistical techniques were used to evaluate temporal and spatial variations of surface water-quality of Fuji river basin using data sets of 8 years monitoring at 13 different sites. The hierarchical cluster analysis grouped thirteen sampling sites into three clusters i.e. relatively less polluted (LP), medium polluted (MP) and highly polluted (HP) sites based on the similarity of water quality characteristics. The principal component analysis/factor analysis indicated that the parameters responsible for water quality variations are mainly related to discharge and temperature (natural), organic pollution (point sources) in LP areas; organic pollution (point sources) and nutrients (non point sources) in MP areas; and organic pollution and nutrients (point sources) in HP areas. The discriminant analysis showed that six water quality parameters (discharge, temperature, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, electrical conductivity and nitrate nitrogen) account for most of the expected temporal variations whereas seven water quality parameters (discharge, temperature, biochemical oxygen demand, pH, electrical conductivity, nitrate nitrogen and ammonical nitrogen) account for most of the expected spatial variations in surface water quality of Fuji river basin.

scholarly journals Effect of Ota Industrial Estate effluents on surface water quality of Oruku River, Ota, South Western Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1671-1675
Author(s):  
B.O. Ekute ◽  
E.U. Etim
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Ph Range

The effect of industrial effluents on surface water quality of Oruku River was investigated in this study by analyzing selected water quality indicators such as pH, dissolved oxygen (DO) and total dissolved solids (TDS) were examined amongst other physicochemical parameters using standard methods. Results show that, average pH of the surface waters ranged from 5.53±0.31 to 6.23±0.45 with SR3 having the highest value. This indicates that all the water sources were alkaline. The effluents had an average pH range of 5.95 ± 1.12 to 6.40 ± 0.48. A comparison of these average pH values with effluent quality standards indicated that the effluents pH were below limit (6.5-9.5). The average BOD levels in surface water ranged from 1.94 ± 0.95 for SR-4 to 3.78 ± 1.61 for SR-1. DO average values in surface water was found to be higher at SR-1 with a mean value of 5.36 ± 1.55 and lower at SR-2 with a mean value of 3.05 ± 0.68. The mean COD value for surface water ranged from 108.66 ± 73.03mg/L to 232.81 ± 155.46mg/L. SR-3 had the highest COD average value of 232.81 ± 155.46mg/L while there was a reduction at SR-5 to an average value of 108.66 ± 73.03mg/L. The high COD value in the surface water indicates that gross-organic pollution of the water source may be from other sources such as agricultural and urban run-offs.

scholarly journals Water Quality Assessment using Environmetrics and Pollution Indices in a Tropical River, Kerala, SW Coast of India

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-23
Author(s):  
S Sukanya ◽  
Sabu Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
Heavy Load

Envirometrics and pollution indices are proxies to assess water quality of a wetland ecosystem. Hence, the present study is focused on establishing water quality and elucidating the pollution status of Karamana River (KR) in Kerala, SW coast of India. The Karamana River Basin – KRB (n=6th; L= 68 km, A=695 km2), is the main source of water for domestic and drinking purpose in Thiruvananthapuram city. The Killi River (n= 5th; L= 24 km, A= 102 km2), the largest tributary of KR, carry heavy load of pollutants mainly from city and joins KR towards its downstream side. For this study, about 12 sampling stations were selected along the KR from upstream to downstream (interval= ~3km), and water samples (n=12x2= 24) were collected during non-monsoon (NON) and monsoon (MON) of 2015 to assess the variability and sourcing of key hydrochemical variables. Environmetric methods, viz., Pearson Correlation and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were applied for apportionment of pollution sources significantly responsible for the surface water quality. It was found that sewage effluents and seawater intrusion were the primary factors deteriorating water quality in downstream. Further, the results of water quality analyses and Pollution Indices, viz., Organic Pollution Index (OPI), Eutrophication Index (EI) and Comprehensive Pollution Index (CPI) indicate that lower reaches (L= ~4 km) of KR is seriously polluted. A distinct Zone of Pollution Influence (ZPI) has been delineated based on the indices and this attempt is first of its kind in KR. The present study provides several noteworthy contributions to the existing knowledge on the factors influencing surface water quality and serves as a baseline data for watershed managers and administrators.

scholarly journals Dynamics of changes in surface water quality indicators of the Western Bug River basin within Ukraine using GIS technologies

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Gopchak ◽  
Tetiana Basiuk ◽  
Ihor Bialyk ◽  
Oleg Pinchuk ◽  
Ievgenii Gerasimov
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Ecological Index ◽  
Gis Technologies

Abstract The environmental assessment of the surface water quality of the Western Bug River has been made using the system of classification quality of land surface water of Ukraine in accordance with the approved methodology, which allows comparing water quality of separate areas of water objects of different regions. The calculation of the environmental assessment of water quality has been carried according to three blocks: block of salt composition, block of trophic and saprobic (ecological and sanitary) indicators and block of indicators of content of specific toxic substances. The results are presented in the form of a combined environmental assessment, based on the final conclusions of the three blocks and consists in calculating the integral ecological index. Comprehensive studies of changes in the water quality of the Western Bug River have been conducted within the territory of Ukraine for a long-term period. The water quality of the river on the final values of the integral indicators of the ecological condition corresponded mainly to 4nd category of the 3rd class – the water is “satisfactory” by condition and “little polluted” by degree of purity (except for points of observation that located within the Volyn region, where the water quality corresponded to 3rd category and the 2nd class. It is “good” by condition and “fairly clean” by the degree of purity). Visualization and part of the analysis are performed using GIS technologies in the software of the ArcGIS 10.3.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document