scholarly journals Impact of Active and Passive Hypoxia as Re-Warm-Up Activities on Rugby Players’ Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2971
Author(s):  
Domingo Jesús Ramos-Campo ◽  
João Malta ◽  
Guillermo Olcina ◽  
Rafael Timón ◽  
Armando Raimundo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Tympanic Temperature ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Passive Strategies ◽  
Repeat Sprint Ability ◽  
Rugby Players ◽  
Repeat Sprint ◽  
Sprint Ability

The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of four types of re-warm-up (R-WU) activity, namely rest in normoxia (RN) at FiO2 = 20.9%, rest in hypoxia (RH) at FiO2 = 15%, activity (4 × 5 jumps/15 s) in normoxia (AN) and activity in hypoxia (AH) on physical performance. Ten elite male rugby players completed a 15-min warm-up followed by one of the 15-min randomized R-WU strategies. After R-WU, countermovement jump (CMJ), 20 m sprint and repeat sprint ability (RSA) tests were assessed. Compared to passive strategies (RN and RH), tympanic temperature was higher after active R-WU (AN and AH) (p = 0.016). Higher values of CMJ height (p = 0.037) and 20 m sprint (p = 0.02) were found in AH than in RN. In addition, mean RSA was lower (p = 0.008) in AH than in RN and RH. Blood lactate concentration was higher (p = 0.007) after RN and AN strategies than after AH. Muscle O2 saturation (p = 0.021) and total Hb (p = 0.042) were higher after AH than after the other three conditions and after RN, respectively. Therefore, an active R-WU under hypoxia could be useful to elite rugby players, once it had attenuated the decline in tympanic temperature during a 15-min period after warm-up, improving jump, sprint and RSA performance.

Effects of Drop Jumps on 1000-m Performance Time and Pacing in Elite Male and Female Endurance Runners

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1043-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Boullosa ◽  
César C.C. Abad ◽  
Valter P. Reis ◽  
Victor Fernandes ◽  
Claudio Castilho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Female Athletes ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Strength Index ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Performance Time ◽  
Drop Jumps ◽  
Endurance Runners

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of drop jumps (DJs) on performance time and pacing in a field test (ie, 1000 m) commonly used to evaluate endurance runners and to evaluate running and jumping performance in male and female athletes separately. Methods: Twenty elite endurance runners (male, n = 10, 27.8 [7.0] y, 62.3 [5.2] kg; female, n = 10, 25.9 [5.3] y, 51.7 [4.1] kg) competing in middle- and long-distance events participated in this study. After determination of the box height associated with the best reactive strength index, athletes randomly performed a warm-up with or without the inclusion of 5 DJs with the highest reactive strength index prior to a 1000-m track test. Performance time and pacing (250-m splits) were determined. Countermovement-jump heights at different time points and blood lactate concentration after running tests were also recorded. Results: A “possible” faster 1000-m time (162.4 vs 165.3 s) with a “very likely” faster first split (38.8 vs 40.3 s) was observed in male athletes in the DJ condition. In contrast, female athletes showed a “possible” slower running time (186.8 vs 184.8 s) and a “likely” greater blood lactate concentration after the 1000-m test in the DJ condition. Male and female athletes presented greater countermovement-jump performances after warm-up and running tests in both conditions. Conclusions: The inclusion of 5 DJs with the height associated with the best reactive strength index induced a “possible” improvement in 1000-m performance time in elite male endurance runners. The current protocol should be avoided in female athletes.

The High-Pull Exercise: A Comparison Between a VersaPulley Flywheel Device and the Free Weight

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Javier Núñez ◽  
Luis J. Suarez-Arrones ◽  
Paul Cater ◽  
Alberto Mendez-Villanueva
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Peak Velocity ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Free Weight ◽  
Force Velocity ◽  
S Peak ◽  
Rugby Players ◽  
Eccentric Overload

The aim of this study was to examine the kinematics and kinetics (force, velocity, and acceleration) and blood lactate concentration with the VersaPulley (VP) device in comparison with free-weight (FW) exercise at a similar external load. Fifteen rugby players randomly performed 2 training sessions of 6 sets of 6 repetitions with 20 s of recovery between sets of the high-pull exercise with the VP and the FW. The training sessions were separated by 72 h. Barbell displacement (cm), peak velocity (m/s), peak acceleration (m/s2), mean propulsive velocity (m/s), mean propulsive acceleration (m/s2), propulsive phase (%), and mean and maximal force (N) were continuously recorded during each repetition. Blood lactate concentration was measured after each training session (end) and 3 min and 5 min later. Barbell displacement (+4.8%, small ES), peak velocity (+4.5% small ES), mean propulsive acceleration (+8.8%, small ES), and eccentric force (+26.7, large ES) were substantially higher with VP than with FW. Blood lactate concentration was also greater after the VP exercise (end +32.9%, 3 min later +36%, 5 min later +33.8%; large ES). Maximal concentric force was substantially higher with FW than VP during the 6th set (+6.4%, small ES). In the cohort and exercise investigated in the current study, VP training can be considered an efficient training device to induce an accentuated eccentric overload and augmented metabolic demands (ie, blood lactate concentration).

Effects of 5-week pre-season small-sided-game-based training on repeat sprint ability

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Rodríguez-Fernández ◽  
Javier Sánchez Sánchez ◽  
José A. Rodríguez-Marroyo ◽  
David Casamichana ◽  
José G. Villa
Keyword(s):  
Repeat Sprint Ability ◽  
Repeat Sprint ◽  
Sprint Ability

scholarly journals Análisis de la intensidad de juego durante los partidos de play-off en jugadores de baloncesto en silla de ruedas (Game intensity analysis of wheelchair basketball players during play-off matches)

Retos ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. 54-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aitor Iturricastillo Urteaga ◽  
Javier Yanci Irigoyen ◽  
Itziar Barrenetxea Iriondo ◽  
Cristina Granados Dominguez
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Tympanic Temperature ◽  
Intensity Analysis ◽  
Wheelchair Basketball ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Los Grupos

El principal objetivo del estudio fue analizar la intensidad de juego en jugadores de baloncesto en silla de ruedas (BSR) durante los partidos de play-off. En este estudio participaron nueve jugadores masculinos de BSR de primera división (34,8 ± 7,8 años). En total se analizaron seis partidos y los participantes fueron divididos en tres grupos según los minutos jugados: jugadores que jugaron 30-40 minutos (BSR30-40), jugadores que jugaron 20-29 minutos (BSR20-30) y los que jugaron entre 1 segundo y 19 minutos (BSR1-19). Durante todos los partidos se monitorizó la frecuencia cardíaca (FC), y además, se obtuvo la temperatura timpánica y la concentración de lactato sanguíneo antes e inmediatamente después de cada partido. Se encontraron diferencias significativas (P<0,05) en todas las zonas de intensidad entre el grupo BSR30-40 y BSR1-19. Los jugadores BSR30-40 pasaron un 36,4% del tiempo total por encima del 85% de la FCmáx, mientras que los jugadores BSR20-30 y BSR1-19 solo pasaron un 16,1 y un 9,2% del tiempo total. En todos los grupos tanto la temperatura timpánica (1,5-2,0%, P<0,05) como la concentración de lactato (81,1-125,0%, P<0,05) aumentó significativamente. Los resultados obtenidos en nuestro estudio exponen que los jugadores del grupo BSR30-40 pasaron mayor porcentaje de tiempo a alta intensidad (>85% de la FCmáx), con un aumento significativo de la temperatura y la concentración de lactato sanguíneo. Los entrenadores y preparadores físicos deberían tener en cuenta estas diferencias fisiológicas en función de los minutos jugados a la hora de planificar la temporada y los descansos post partido.Abstract. The main objective of the study was to analyze the game intensity in wheelchair basketball players (WB) during play-off matches. This study involved nine WB players of Spanish first division league (34.8 ± 7.8 years). Six play-off matches were analyzed and participants were divided into three groups according to the minutes they had played: players who had played between 30-40 minutes (WB30-40), players who had played between 20-30 minutes (WB20-30) and players who had played between 1 second and 20 minutes (WB1-19). For every game the heart rate (HR) was monitored by telemetry, and in addition, the tympanic temperature and blood lactate concentration samples were obtained before and immediately after each match. Significant differences (P<0.05) were observed in all intensity zones between WB30-40 and WB1-19 groups. The WB30-40 players spent 36.4% of the total time over 85% of maximum HR, while WB20-30 and WB1-19 players only spent 16.1 and 9.2% of the total time. Moreover, in all groups both tympanic temperature (from 1.5 to 2.0%, P<0.05) and lactate concentration (81.1 to 125.0%, P <0.05) increased significantly. The game intensity monitored by HR is different for WB players according to the minutes they had played (WB30-40, WB20-30 and WB1-19). The results of our study showed that the WB30-40 group obtained higher percentage of time spent at high intensity (> 85% of maximum HR) than other groups, with a significant increase in body temperature and blood lactate concentration. Coaches and physical trainers should be aware of these physiological differences when planning the season and post-match sessions.

scholarly journals Análisis de las estrategias de entrenamiento para la mejora del rendimiento en la capacidad de repeitir sprints en los deportes colectivos

2016 ◽  
pp. 89-109
Author(s):  
Alejandro Rodríguez Fernández ◽  
Javier Sánchez Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Repeat Sprint Ability ◽  
Repeat Sprint ◽  
Sprint Ability

: Los deportes de equipo se caracterizan por demandar a los jugadores la realización de esfuerzos máximos o submáximos, entre los cuales se producen periodos de recuperación. La capacidad de repetir estos esfuerzos, se denomina “repeat sprint ability” o RSA y es considerada determinante en el rendimiento en estos deportes. Por lo tanto, definir las estrategias de entrenamiento del RSA es importante para entrenadores y preparadores físicos. Diferentes estudios han analizado los efectos de entrenamientos basados en distintas estrategias, concluyendo que no existe una única estrategia para optimizar el rendimiento en esta capacidad. Es necesaria la periodización del entrenamiento para la mejora del RSA durante el ciclo competitivo incluyendo estrategias de entrenamiento de fuerza, resistencia, velocidad y el propio RSA, tanto mediante tareas g

A Comparison of Different Prerace Warm-Up Strategies on 1-km Cycling Time-Trial Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1109-1116
Author(s):  
Mathias T. Vangsoe ◽  
Jonas K. Nielsen ◽  
Carl D. Paton
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Peak Power Output ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Performance Time ◽  
Competitive Cyclists

Purpose: Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and postactivation potentiation (PAP) are warm-up strategies proposed to improve high-intensity sporting performance. However, only few studies have investigated the benefits of these strategies compared with an appropriate control (CON) or an athlete-selected (SELF) warm-up protocol. Therefore, this study examined the effects of 4 different warm-up routines on 1-km time-trial (TT) performance with competitive cyclists. Methods: In a randomized crossover study, 12 well-trained cyclists (age 32 [10] y, mass 77.7 [4.6] kg, peak power output 1141 [61] W) performed 4 different warm-up strategies—(CON) 17 minutes CON only, (SELF) a self-determined warm-up, (IPC) IPC + CON, or (PAP) CON + PAP—prior to completing a maximal-effort 1-km TT. Performance time and power, quadriceps electromyograms, muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2), and blood lactate were measured to determine differences between trials. Results: There were no significant differences (P > .05) in 1-km performance time between CON (76.9 [5.2] s), SELF (77.3 [6.0] s), IPC (77.0 [5.5] s), or PAP (77.3 [5.9] s) protocols. Furthermore, there were no significant differences in mean or peak power output between trials. Finally, electromyogram activity, SmO2, and recovery blood lactate concentration were not different between conditions. Conclusions: Adding IPC or PAP protocols to a short CON warm-up appears to provide no additional benefit to 1-km TT performance with well-trained cyclists and is therefore not recommended. Furthermore, additional IPC and PAP protocols had no effect on electromyograms and SmO2 values during the TT or peak lactate concentration during recovery.

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