Living Conditions of Adolescents Who Have Attempted Suicide in Mexico

Suicidal behavior represents a complex public health problem, with a rising number of suicide attempts registered among Mexican adolescents. We undertook a qualitative study in order to understand the living conditions of adolescents who had attempted to take their lives in five Mexican states. We interviewed 37 adolescents who had engaged in suicide attempts in the year prior to our study. To code and analyze the information, we defined the following three categories of living conditions as social determinants of health for adolescents: poverty and vulnerability, education, and health care. To this end, we followed the methodology proposed by Taylor and Bogdan, and used Atlas.ti 7.5.18 software for analyses. Among our findings, we noted that poverty, manifested primarily as material deprivation, rendered the daily lives of our interviewees precarious, compromising even their basic needs. All the young people analyzed had either received medical, psychological, and/or psychiatric care as outpatients or had been hospitalized. School played a positive role in referring adolescents with suicidal behavior to health services; however, it also represented a high-risk environment. Our findings highlight the urgent need to implement a national intersectoral strategy as part of comprehensive public policy aimed at improving the health of adolescents in Mexico.

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Suicidal Behavior in Four Ethnic Groups in The Hague, 2002–2004

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910.30.2.63 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 63-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Irene Burger ◽

Albert M. van Hemert ◽

Willem J. Schudel ◽

Barend J.C. Middelkoop

Keyword(s):

Suicide Attempt ◽

Ethnic Groups ◽

Suicidal Behavior ◽

Emergency Service ◽

Attempted Suicide ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Specific Rate ◽

Completed Suicide ◽

The Hague ◽

Psychiatric Department

Background: Suicidal behavior is a severe public health problem. Aims: To determine the rates of attempted and completed suicide among ethnic groups in The Hague, The Netherlands (2002–2004). Methods: By analyzing data on attempted and completed suicide (from the psychiatric department of general medical hospitals; the psychiatric emergency service and the municipal coroners). Results: Turkish and Surinamese females aged 15–24 years were at highest risk for attempted suicide (age-specific rate 545 / 100,000 and 421 / 100,000 person-years, respectively). Both rates were significantly higher than in the same age group of Dutch females (246 / 100,000 person-years). Turkish (2%) and Surinamese (7%) had lower repeat suicide-attempt rates than did Dutch (16%) females aged 15–24. Significantly lower suicide-attempt rates were found for Surinamese than for Dutch females aged 35–54 years. Differences were not explained by socioeconomic living conditions. The ratio fatal/nonfatal events was 4.5 times higher in males than in females and varied across age, gender, and ethnicity strata. Completed suicide was rare among migrant females. No completed suicides were observed in the Turkish and Surinamese females aged 15–24 years. Conclusions: The study demonstrates a high risk of attempted suicide and a low risk of completed suicide among young Turkish and Surinamese females.

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Association between suicide risk and traumatic brain injury in adults: a population based cohort study

Postgraduate Medical Journal ◽

10.1136/postgradmedj-2019-136860 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. postgradmedj-2019-136860 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yueh-Chien Lu ◽

Ming-Kung Wu ◽

Li Zhang ◽

Cong-Liang Zhang ◽

Ying-Yi Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Cause Of Death ◽

Suicide Risk ◽

Attempted Suicide ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Population Based ◽

Research Database ◽

Global Public Health

BackgroundTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide, and its treatment is potentially a heavy economic burden. Suicide is another global public health problem and the second leading cause of death in young adults. Patients with TBI are known to have higher than normal rates of non-fatal deliberate self-harm, suicide and all-cause mortality. The aim of this study was to explore the association between TBI and suicide risk in a Chinese cohort.MethodThis study analysed data contained in the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database for 17 504 subjects with TBI and for 70 016 subjects without TBI matched for age and gender at a ratio of 1 to 4. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to estimate subsequent suicide attempts in the TBI group. Probability of attempted suicide was determined by Kaplan-Meier method.ResultsThe overall risk of suicide attempts was 2.23 times higher in the TBI group compared with the non-TBI group (0.98 vs 0.29 per 1000 person-years, respectively) after adjustment for covariates. Regardless of gender, age or comorbidity, the TBI group tended to have more suicide attempts, and the risk attempted suicide increased with the severity of TBI. Depression and alcohol attributed disease also increased the risk of attempted suicide in the TBI group.ConclusionSuicide is preventable if risk factors are recognised. Hence, TBI patients require special attention to minimise their risk of attempted suicide.

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Exploring Personality Features in Patients with Affective Disorders and History of Suicide Attempts: A Comparative Study with Their Parents and Control Subjects

Depression Research and Treatment ◽

10.1155/2014/291802 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Beatriz Camarena ◽

Ana Fresán ◽

Emmanuel Sarmiento

Keyword(s):

Personality Traits ◽

Affective Disorder ◽

Suicidal Behavior ◽

Attempted Suicide ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Control Sample ◽

Control Subjects ◽

Character Inventory ◽

Healthy Control ◽

History Of

Personality traits are important candidate predictors of suicidal behavior. Several studies have reported an association between personality/temperament traits and suicidal behavior, suggesting personality traits as intermediary phenotypes related to suicidal behavior. Thus, it is possible that suicide attempts can be accounted for by increased familial rates of risk personality traits. The aim of this work was to evaluate personality traits in affective disorder patients with attempted suicide and to compare them with the personality trait scores of their parents. In addition, ITC scores in the two groups were compared with a healthy control sample. The patients evaluated met the DSM-IV criteria for major depression disorder or dysthymia and had a documented history of suicide attempts. Psychiatric diagnoses of patients and parents were done according to the SCID-I and the personality was assessed using the Temperament and Character Inventory. We analyzed 49 suicide attempt subjects and their parents (n=95) and 89 control subjects. We observed that temperament and character dimensions were similar between patients and their parents (P>0.05). In particular, we observed that high HA and low P, SD, and CO were shared among families. Our study is the first to report that the personality traits of affective disorder patients with a history of attempted suicide are shared between patients and their parents.

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Suicide and Attempted Suicide in Jhenaidah District, Bangladesh, 2010–2018

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000631 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 304-312 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Anisur Rahman Khan ◽

Kopano Ratele ◽

Najuwa Arendse ◽

Md. Zahidul Islam ◽

Isaac Dery

Keyword(s):

Suicide Attempt ◽

Attempted Suicide ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

National Level ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Routine Data ◽

Suicide Rates ◽

Male Suicide ◽

Survey Estimates

Abstract. Background: Suicide and attempted suicide are a serious but under-explored public health problem in Bangladesh. Survey estimates suggest that Jhenaidah District, one of the 64 districts that make up Bangladesh, is one of the highest suicide-prone regions in Bangladesh. Relatively little is known about the magnitude of suicide attempts in the district. Aims: This article describes the incidence of suicide and suicide attempts for Jhenaidah, Bangladesh for the period 2010–2018. Method: Primary descriptive analysis was performed on routine data collected by a Bangladesh-based nongovernment organization (NGO): Societies for Voluntary Activities (SOVA). Results: A total of 22,675 suicide attempts and 3,152 suicides occurred in the district. The rate of suicide attempts was found to be 136.35/100,000 and the suicide rate was found to be 20.6/100,000 in Jhenaidah. The subdistrict Sadar had the highest incidence of suicide attempt (38.09%) and suicide (33.47%). Poisoning was the most common method of suicide attempt for both males (77.07%) and females (77%). Limitations: Many cases of suicide attempts and suicide are unreported in Bangladesh owing to stigmatization; only reported cases form part of this investigation. Conclusion: Jhenaidah has very high rates of suicide and suicide attempts that surpass the global and Bangladesh averages. Although females demonstrate higher suicide rates, male suicide rates have gradually increased over the study period. Future studies are called for to better understand the local patterns and dynamics of fatal and nonfatal suicidal behaviors. Developing a sub-district-, district-, and national-level suicide prevention strategy ought to be considered a priority.

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Predictive factors for the medical hospitalisation of patients who visited the emergency department with suicide attempt

10.21203/rs.3.rs-51267/v3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hye Jin Kim ◽

Duk Hee Lee

Keyword(s):

Emergency Department ◽

Suicide Attempt ◽

Attempted Suicide ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Teaching Hospitals ◽

Operating Characteristics ◽

Tertiary Teaching ◽

The Mean

Abstract Background Suicide is a significant public health problem. Individuals are estimated to make up to 20 suicide attempts before suicide. The emergency department (ED) is the first location where individuals are brought after a suicide attempt. This study investigated the factors related to delays in the medical hospitalisation of patients who attempted suicide and aimed to provide criteria for hospitalisation decisions by physicians. Methods This study included patients who had deliberately self-harmed (age ≥19 years) and presented at the EDs of two tertiary teaching hospitals between March 2017 and April 2020. Those for whom relevant demographic and clinical information were unavailable and those admitted to the psychiatric wards were excluded. Results This study included 414 patients in the hospitalisation group and 1,346 in the discharged group. The mean patient age was 50.3 ± 20.0 years and 40.7 ± 17.0 years in the hospitalised and discharged groups (p <0.001), respectively. The mean ED length of stay (LOS) was 4.2 ± 12.3 and 11.4 ± 18.8 h in the hospitalised and discharged groups, respectively. In the hospitalised group, the odds ratio and confidence interval for aged 35~64 (2.222, 1.343–3.678), aged over 65 (2.788, 1.416-5.492), sex -male (2.041, 1.302–3.119), and consciousness (1.840, 1.253–2.466). The Risk-Rescue Ratio Scale (RRRS) was (1.298, 1.255–1.343). A receiver operating characteristics analysis of RRRS for the decision to hospitalise patients who attempted suicide showed a cut-off value of 42, with sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve being 85.7%, 85.5%, and 0.924, respectively.Conclusion The level of consciousness and the RRRS of patients who attempted suicide can be the factors to decide medical hospitalisation and reduce ED LOS and crowding.

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Perfil epidemiológico do suicídio entre estudantes de enfermagem [Epidemiological profile of suicidal behavior among nursing students] [Perfil epidemiológico del suicídio entre estudiantes de enfermería]

Revista Enfermagem UERJ ◽

10.12957/reuerj.2019.45607 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

pp. e45607

Author(s):

Roberto Nascimento de Albuquerque ◽

Moema Da Silva Borges ◽

Pedro Sadi Monteiro

Keyword(s):

Nursing Students ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Suicidal Behavior ◽

Attempted Suicide ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Education Institution ◽

Federal District ◽

Private Higher Education ◽

Distrito Federal ◽

Epidemiological Profile

Objetivo: identificar o perfil do comportamento suicida entre estudantes de enfermagem de instituição privada de ensino superior do Distrito Federal. Métodos: estudo descritivo, mediante análise estatística, realizado com 1567 estudantes de enfermagem, em 2017. Foram utilizados um questionário sociodemográfico e acadêmico, a Escala de Ideação Suicida de Beck e Mini-Rastreamento de Transtornos Mentais. A pesquisa foi aprovada por Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: a maioria era adulto jovem, do sexo feminino e estudava no período noturno. Verificou-se que 181 (11,55%) estudantes já tinham tentado suicídio e os maiores índices foram apresentados no primeiro, terceiro e quarto semestres do curso. Destes, 36,5% apresentaram pensamentos depressivos, 33,7% sinais de depressão e desesperança e 56,4% permaneciam com ideação suicida. Conclusão: as tentativas de suicídio têm sua maior magnitude entre estudantes mais jovens, dos primeiros dois anos do curso, os quais revelaram índices expressivos para depressão, desesperança e ideação suicida.ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the profile of suicidal behavior among nursing students at a private higher education institution in the Federal District, Brazil. Methods: descriptive study, through statistical analysis, conducted with 1567 nursing students, in 2017. It was used a sociodemographic and academic questionnaire, Beck's Suicidal Ideation Scale and Mini-Screening of Mental Disorders. The research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. Results: most respondents were young adults, female and night students One hundred and eithy-one students (11,55%) had already attempted suicide and the highest rates were presented in de first, third and fourth semesters of the course. Among them, 36,5% had depressive thoughts, 33,7% showed signs of depression and hopelessness and 56,4% remained with suicidal ideation. Conclusion: suicide attempts have their greatest magnitude among younger students, from the first two years of the course, which revealed expressive rates for depression, hopelessness and suicidal ideation.RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar el perfil de comportamiento suicida entre estudiantes de enfermería en una institución privada de educación superior en Brasil. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, mediante análisis estadístico, realizado con 1567 estudiantes de enfermería, en 2017. Se utilizó cuestionario sociodemográfico y académico, Escala de ideación suicida de Beck y mini-detección de trastornos mentales. La investigación fue aprobada por el Comité de Ética de Investigación. Resultados: la mayoría eran adultos jóvenes, mujeres y estudiavan por la noche; 181 (11,55%) estudiantes ya habían intentado suicidarse y las tasas más altas se presentaron en el primer, tercer y cuarto semestre del curso. De estos, 36,5% tenía pensamientos depresivos, 33,7% mostró signos de depresión y desesperanza y 56,4% permaneció con ideación suicida. Conclusión: los intentos de suicidio tienen su mayor magnitud entre los estudiantes más jóvenes, desde los primeros años del curso, que revelaron tasas expresivas de depresión, desesperanza e ideación suicida.

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The Association Between Child Abuse and Attempted Suicide

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000625 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (3) ◽

pp. 196-204

Author(s):

Wilfred Hing-sang Wong ◽

Wen-Hung Kuo ◽

Curt Sobolewski ◽

Inderjeet Bhatia ◽

Patrick Ip

Keyword(s):

Child Abuse ◽

Hong Kong ◽

Hospital Admission ◽

Suicidal Behavior ◽

Attempted Suicide ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Influenza Infection ◽

Age At Onset ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Experienced Child

Abstract. Background: Child abuse and suicide among the young population is a serious and prevalent problem. Many studies have demonstrated that people with adverse childhood experiences, such as child abuse, are likely to develop suicidal behavior. This study evaluates the connection between child abuse and suicidal behavior in the Hong Kong community where incidents of child abuse have been on the rise over the past decade. Aims: To determine the association between child abuse and attempted suicide in the child population of Hong Kong using hospital electronic medical records system. Method: From January 1, 1995 to July 31, 2016, patients with admission age < 18 years with the diagnosis of child abuse or influenza infection (comparison group) were included in this study ( n = 54,256). In secondary data analysis, an association was found between children who had experienced child abuse and the outcome measure of hospital admission for attempted suicide compared with influenza infection. Results: The adjusted hazard ratio of attempting suicide in children who experienced sexual abuse and physical abuse compared with the influenza-infected group was 6.48 (95% CI [4.56, 9.19]) and 4.83 (95% CI [3.67, 6.34]). The age at onset of adverse incidents was negatively associated with the attempted suicide timing. Female patients had a 1.64 higher risk of repeating attempted suicide. In addition, nearly 5% of children who had experienced child abuse attempted suicide in the 10 years after their admission, and more than 36% of patients had a record of repeated suicide attempt in the 20 years after the initial admission. Limitations: The accuracy of the diagnosis, selection bias, insufficiency of study period, Berkson's bias, incomplete socioeconomic status, as well as the absence of psychiatric diagnosis are the limitations. Conclusion: Our results indicate that there is a significant association between child abuse and suicide attempts in Hong Kong. If confirmed, the study (a) demonstrates that hospital admission records are a critical source for identifying children with a high risk for suicidal behavior; (b) may inform policy makers that additional and long-term intervention programs should be provided to children so as to reduce subsequent suicide attempts.

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Predictive factors for the medical hospitalization of patients who visited to emergency department with suicide attempt

10.21203/rs.3.rs-51267/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hye Jin Kim ◽

Duk Hee Lee

Keyword(s):

Emergency Department ◽

Suicide Attempt ◽

Attempted Suicide ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Teaching Hospitals ◽

Operating Characteristics ◽

Tertiary Teaching ◽

The Mean

Abstract Background Suicide is a significant public health problem. Individuals are estimated to make up to 20 suicide attempts before suicide. The emergency department (ED) is the first location where individuals are brought after a suicide attempt. This study investigated the factors related to delays in the medical hospitalization of patients who attempted suicide and aimed to provide criteria for hospitalization decisions for physicians. Methods This study included who had deliberately self-harmed (age ≥19 years) and who presented at the EDs of two tertiary teaching hospitals between March 2017 and April 2020. Those for whom relevant demographic and clinical information were unavailable and those who were admitted to the psychiatric wards were excluded. Results This study included 414 patients in the hospitalization group and 1,346 in the discharged group. The mean patient age was 50.3 ± 20.0 years and 40.7 ± 17.0 years in the hospitalized and discharged groups ( p <0.001), respectively. The mean ED length of stay (LOS) was 4.2 ± 12.3 and 11.4 ± 18.8 h in the hospitalized and discharged groups, respectively . In the hospitalized group, the odds ratio and confidence interval for aged 35~64 (2.222, 1.343–3.678), aged over 65 (2.788, 1.416-5.492), sex -male (2.041, 1.302–3.119), and consciousness (1.840, 1.253–2.466). The Risk-Rescue Ratio Scale (RRRS) was (1.298, 1.255–1.343). A receiver operating characteristics analysis of RRRS for the decision to hospitalize patients who attempted suicide showed a cut-off value of 42, with sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve being 85.7%, 85.5%, and 0.924, respectively. Conclusion The level of consciousness and the RRRS of patients who attempted suicide can be the factors to decide medical hospitalization and reduce ED LOS and crowding.

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Coping, Social Support, and Suicide Attempts Among Homeless Adolescents

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000579 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (6) ◽

pp. 390-399 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Geoffrey Gauvin ◽

Réal Labelle ◽

Marc Daigle ◽

Jean-Jacques Breton ◽

Janie Houle

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Suicidal Behavior ◽

Homeless Youth ◽

Attempted Suicide ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Tension Reduction ◽

Personal Resource ◽

Self Blame ◽

Homeless Adolescents ◽

Tangible Assistance

Abstract. Background: Homeless youth are a population at risk for suicidal behavior. Despite growing knowledge about risk factors, protective factors against suicidal behavior among this population are still poorly understood. Aims: To explore differences in coping and social support between homeless adolescents who attempted suicide and those who did not. Method: In total, 76 homeless adolescents from eight different shelters provided information about their suicidal behaviors over the previous year and filled out coping and social support questionnaires. Results: Homeless adolescents who had not attempted suicide perceived more social support (tangible assistance and guidance). Conversely, youth who had attempted suicide reported using more nonproductive strategies of coping (tension reduction, keep to self, and self-blame). Tangible assistance and tension reduction were found to be the strongest predictors. Limitations: As most of these youth were not homeless for a long time, care should be taken in generalizing these results to adolescents with longer histories of homelessness. Conclusion: Productive coping does not seem to constitute a sufficient personal resource to protect homeless adolescents from suicide attempts. Nonproductive coping could, however, be considered a serious risk factor. Consequently, promoting homeless youths' ability to find environmental resources, especially tangible assistance, could be the most valuable approach.

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Predictive factors for the medical hospitalisation of patients who visited the emergency department with suicide attempt

BMC Psychiatry ◽

10.1186/s12888-021-03089-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hye Jin Kim ◽

Duk Hee Lee

Keyword(s):

Emergency Department ◽

Suicide Attempt ◽

Attempted Suicide ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Teaching Hospitals ◽

Operating Characteristics ◽

Tertiary Teaching ◽

The Mean

Abstract Background Suicide is a significant public health problem. Individuals are estimated to make up to 20 suicide attempts before suicide. The emergency department (ED) is the first location where individuals are brought after a suicide attempt. This study investigated the factors related to delays in the medical hospitalisation of patients who attempted suicide and aimed to provide criteria for hospitalisation decisions by physicians. Methods This study included patients who had deliberately self-harmed (age ≥ 19 years) and presented at the EDs of two tertiary teaching hospitals between March 2017 and April 2020. Those for whom relevant demographic and clinical information were unavailable and those admitted to the psychiatric wards were excluded. Results This study included 414 patients in the hospitalisation group and 1346 in the discharged group. The mean patient age was 50.3 ± 20.0 years and 40.7 ± 17.0 years in the hospitalised and discharged groups (p < 0.001), respectively. The mean ED length of stay (LOS) was 4.2 ± 12.3 and 11.4 ± 18.8 h in the hospitalised and discharged groups, respectively. In the hospitalised group, the odds ratio and confidence interval for aged 35 ~ 64 (2.222, 1.343–3.678), aged over 65 (2.788, 1.416–5.492), sex -male (2.041, 1.302–3.119), and consciousness (1.840, 1.253–2.466). The Risk-Rescue Ratio Scale (RRRS) was (1.298, 1.255–1.343). A receiver operating characteristics analysis of RRRS for the decision to hospitalise patients who attempted suicide showed a cut-off value of 42, with sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve being 85.7, 85.5%, and 0.924, respectively. Conclusion The level of consciousness and the RRRS of patients who attempted suicide can be the factors to decide medical hospitalisation and reduce ED LOS and crowding.

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