scholarly journals Solar UV Radiation in the Tropics: Human Exposure at Reunion Island (21° S, 55° E) during Summer Outdoor Activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 8105
Author(s):  
Jean-Maurice Cadet ◽  
Hassan Bencherif ◽  
Nicolas Cadet ◽  
Kévin Lamy ◽  
Thierry Portafaix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Awareness ◽  
Active Volcano ◽  
Sandy Beaches ◽  
World Health ◽  
Reunion Island ◽  
Solar Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Piton De La Fournaise ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Réunion Island ◽  
Health Organization

Reunion Island is a popular tourist destination with sandy beaches, an active volcano (Piton de la Fournaise), and Piton des Neiges, the highest and most dominant geological feature on the island. Reunion is known to have high levels of solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) with an ultraviolet index (UVI) which can reach 8 in winter and 16 in summer (climatological conditions). UVR has been linked to skin cancer, melanoma, and eye disease such as cataracts. The World Health Organization (WHO) devised the UVI as a tool for expressing UVR intensity. Thresholds ranging from low (UVI 1–2) to extreme (UVI > 11) were defined depending on the risk to human health. The purpose of the study was to assess UVR exposure levels over three of the busiest tourist sites on the island. UVR was measured over several hours along popular hiking trails around Piton de la Fournaise (PDF), Piton des Neiges (PDN), and St-Leu Beach (LEU). The results were compared with those recorded by the local UV station at Saint-Denis. In addition, cumulative standard erythemal dose (SED) was calculated. Results showed that UVI exposure at PDF, PDN, and LEU were extreme (>11) and reached maximum UVI levels of 21.1, 22.5, and 14.5, respectively. Cumulative SEDs were multiple times higher than the thresholds established by the Fitzpatrick skin phototype classification. UVI measurements at the three study sites showed that Reunion Island is exposed to extreme UVR conditions. Public awareness campaigns are needed to inform the population of the health risks related to UVR exposure.

Can rainfall trigger volcanic eruptions? A mechanical stress model of an active volcano: 'Piton de la Fournaise', Reunion Island

Terra Nova ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Violette ◽  
G. de Marsily ◽  
J. P. Carbonnel ◽  
P. Goblet ◽  
E. Ledoux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Stress ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Active Volcano ◽  
Stress Model ◽  
Reunion Island ◽  
Piton De La Fournaise ◽  
Réunion Island

scholarly journals Communicating Risk Regarding Food Consumption: The Case of Processed Meat

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavica Zec ◽  
Clara Minto ◽  
Carlo Agostoni ◽  
Carolina Fano ◽  
Honoria Ocagli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Communication ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Real Data ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

The present research combines real data and parameters found in recent literature that were used to design realistic scenarios demonstrating the potential effects (benefits and costs) of the World Health Organization (WHO)’s risk communication regarding the consumption of processed meat, which was proven to be associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) in an International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)/WHO report. The impact of the risk communication of processed meat consumption was simulated using Monte Carlo microsimulation models. The results showed that a 1% reduction in the number of high-level processed meat consumers may lead to a yearly decrease in CRC cases of 406.43 (IC 95%: −243.94, 1056.81), while the more extreme scenario of a 15% reduction may lead to 2086.62 fewer cases (IC 95%: 1426.66, 2746.57). On the other hand, if demand contraction in the processed meat sector resulted in a 0.1% loss in employment, one could expect 27.23 all-cause mortalities attributable to job loss (IC 95%: 16.55, 37.80). This simulation study demonstrates that caution should be taken when implementing public awareness campaigns, particularly when the prevention message is not straightforward.

Melting relations of some lavas of Réunion Island, Indian Ocean

1971 ◽  
Vol 38 (295) ◽  
pp. 344-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Tilley ◽  
R. N. Thompson ◽  
W. J. Wadsworth ◽  
B. G. J. Upton
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Active Volcano ◽  
Reunion Island ◽  
Piton De La Fournaise ◽  
Iron Enrichment ◽  
Réunion Island ◽  
The One ◽  
Melting Relations ◽  
Melting And Crystallization ◽  
Experimental Melting

SummaryThe one-atmosphere experimental melting and crystallization relations of some basic lavas of Réunion Island, Indian Ocean, are investigated. They comprise products of the extinct volcano Piton des Neiges and the active volcano Piton de la Fournaise. New data and interpretations are presented for the 1939 oceanite and its contained glass, originally described by Lacroix (1939a). The liquidus v. iron enrichment curves for these Réunion lavas fall about 20 °C above those of the lavas of Kilauea, Hawaii. The primitive liquid reaching the surface contained about 10 % MgO.

scholarly journals Knowledge, awareness and practices of Pakistani professionals amid-COVID-19 outbreak

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samea Khan ◽  
Usman Shah Gilani ◽  
Syed Muhammad Muslim Raza ◽  
Tanveer Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Public Awareness ◽  
World Health ◽  
Pakistani Population ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
And Control ◽  
Populous Country

AbstractEnd of the year 2019 marks an unprecedented outbreak of a pandemic named COVID-19 caused by the SARS-CoV-2. It was first discovered in China and later spread to the whole world, currently inflicting almost 200 countries. After China, few other countries have emerged as potential epicenters of this disease including the US, Italy, Spain and Pakistan, as indicated by the World Health Organization (WHO). Since proper preventive and curative measures in the form of a vaccine or medication are currently unavailable throughout the world, the only remedy devised to stop the spread of this virus is self-isolation. Such a measure necessitates ample awareness and understanding among people to avoid actions that lead to the spread of this virus. Pakistan is the fifth-most populous country in the world (212.2 million) and has a record of contagious outbreaks in the past. Therefore, it is key to evaluate the general understanding regarding the cause, spread and control of this disease in Pakistani population and acquire data to anticipate the possible spread and persistence of this disease to design relevant preventive measures. We have attempted to collect such data from professionals who are susceptible to acquiring the infection due to an unavoidable exposure. Keeping in view the current lock down, we have relied on an internet based collection of data by filling a self-designed questionnaire that is responded to by 1132. Descriptive and Frequency Analysis were performed on the responses received using MS Excel and SPSS software. A total of 1132 individuals responded to the questionnaire among which include academic (45.8%), non-academic (20.8%), healthcare (7.8%), security (5.9%) and other (19.7%) professionals. The questionnaire addressed the level of basic information regarding the cause, spread, cure and prevention of this disease among professionals, in an attempt to provide directions for awareness campaigns at different levels in Pakistan and provide a model for similar outbreaks in the future.To our expectations, almost after a month of the coronavirus outbreak in Pakistan, above 50% to up to 90% of the recorded responses against every question showed ample understanding regarding the cause, spread and control of the disease which is an indicator of effective public awareness campaigns throughout the country largely based on media drive.

scholarly journals Evaluation of General Awareness Among Professionals Regarding COVID-19: A Survey Based Study from Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanveer Hussain ◽  
Samea Khan ◽  
Usman Shah Gilani ◽  
Syed Muhammad Muslim Raza
Keyword(s):  
Public Awareness ◽  
World Health ◽  
Pakistani Population ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
And Control ◽  
Populous Country

Abstract End of the year 2019 marks an unprecedented outbreak of a pandemic named COVID-19 caused by the SARS-CoV-2. It was initiated in China and later spread to the whole world, currently inflicting almost 200 countries. After China, few other countries have emerged as potential epicenters of this disease including the US, Italy, Spain and Pakistan, as indicated by the World Health Organization (WHO). Since proper preventive and curative measures in the form of a vaccine or medication are currently unavailable throughout the world, the only remedy devised to stop the spread of this virus is self-isolation. Such a measure necessitates ample awareness and understanding among people to avoid actions that lead to the spread of this virus. Pakistan is the fifth-most populous country in the world (212.2 million) and has a record of contagious outbreaks in the past. Therefore, it is key to evaluate the general understanding regarding the cause, spread and control of this disease in Pakistani population and acquire data to anticipate the possible spread and persistence of this disease to design relevant preventive measures. We have attempted to collect such data from professionals who are susceptible to acquiring the infection due to an unavoidable exposure. Keeping in view the current lock down, we have relied on an internet based collection of data by filling a self-designed questionnaire that is responded to by 1132. Descriptive and Frequency Analysis were performed on the responses received using MS Excel and SPSS software. To our expectations, almost after a month of the coronavirus outbreak in Pakistan, above 50% to up to 90% of the recorded responses against every question showed ample understanding regarding the cause, spread and control of the disease which is an indicator of effective public awareness campaigns throughout the country largely based on media drive.All authors contributed equally to this work.

March 1986 eruptive episodes at Piton de la Fournaise volcano (Reunion Island)

1989 ◽  
Vol 36 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 199-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Delorme ◽  
P. Bachèlery ◽  
P.A. Blum ◽  
J.L. Cheminée ◽  
J.F. Delarue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reunion Island ◽  
Piton De La Fournaise ◽  
Réunion Island

scholarly journals European Immunization Week 2008: Progress towards regional goals

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Collective WHO
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Political Support ◽  
World Health ◽  
Childhood Immunisation ◽  
Regional Office ◽  
The Public ◽  
National Immunisation ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for Europe established the European Immunization Week (EIW, http://www.euro.who.int/vaccine) in 2005 for three reasons: 1) to raise public awareness of the benefits of immunisation, 2) to support national immunisation systems, and 3) to provide a framework for mobilising public and political support for governmental efforts to protect the public through universal childhood immunisation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document