scholarly journals Bayesian Spatial Modeling of Anemia among Children under 5 Years in Guinea

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6447
Author(s):  
Thierno Souleymane Barry ◽  
Oscar Ngesa ◽  
Nelson Owuor Onyango ◽  
Henry Mwambi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey ◽  
Multiple Indicator ◽  
Household Heads

Anemia is a major public health problem in Africa, affecting an increasing number of children under five years. Guinea is one of the most affected countries. In 2018, the prevalence rate in Guinea was 75% for children under five years. This study sought to identify the factors associated with anemia and to map spatial variation of anemia across the eight (8) regions in Guinea for children under five years, which can provide guidance for control programs for the reduction of the disease. Data from the Guinea Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS5) 2016 was used for this study. A total of 2609 children under five years who had full covariate information were used in the analysis. Spatial binomial logistic regression methodology was undertaken via Bayesian estimation based on Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) using WinBUGS software version 1.4. The findings in this study revealed that 77% of children under five years in Guinea had anemia, and the prevalences in the regions ranged from 70.32% (Conakry) to 83.60% (NZerekore) across the country. After adjusting for non-spatial and spatial random effects in the model, older children (48–59 months) (OR: 0.47, CI [0.29 0.70]) were less likely to be anemic compared to those who are younger (0–11 months). Children whose mothers had completed secondary school or above had a 33% reduced risk of anemia (OR: 0.67, CI [0.49 0.90]), and children from household heads from the Kissi ethnic group are less likely to have anemia than their counterparts whose leaders are from Soussou (OR: 0.48, CI [0.23 0.92]).

scholarly journals Bayesian Spatial Modeling of Anemia among children under 5 years in Guinea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierno Souleymane Barry ◽  
Oscar Ngesa ◽  
Nelson Owuor Onyango ◽  
Henry Mwambi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey ◽  
Multiple Indicator ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
Children Under 5

Abstract Bacground: Anemia is a major public health problem in Africa with an increasing number of children under 5years getting infected. Guinea is one of the most affected countries. In 2018, the prevalence rate was 75% inchildren under 5 years. This study sought to identify the factors associated with anemia and to map spatialvariation of anemia across the eight (8) regions in Guinea for children under 5 years, which can provideguidance for control programs for the reduction of the disease.Methods: Data from the Guinea Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS5) 2016 was used for this study. Atotal of 2609 children under 5 years who had full covariate information were used in the analysis. Spatialbinomial logistic regression methodology was undertaken via Bayesian estimation based on Markov chainMonte Carlo (McMC) using WinBUGS software version 1.4. Results: Our findings revealed that 77% of children under 5 years in Guinea had anemia and the prevalence inthe regions ranged from 70.32% (Conakry) to 83.60% (N’Zerekore) across the country. After adjusting for nonspatial and spatial random effects in the model, older children (48–59 months) (OR: 0.47, CI [0.29 0.70]) were less likely to be anemic compared to those who are younger (0-11 months). Children whose mothers havecompleted secondary education or more had a reduced chance of anemia infection by 33% (OR: 0.67, CI [0.490.90]) and Children from household heads from Kissi ethnic group are less likely to have anemia than theircounterparts whose leader is from Soussou (OR: 0.48, CI [0.22 0.91]). Conclusion: The spatial analysis allowed the identification of high-risk areas as well as the identification ofsocio-economic and demographic factors associated with anemia among children under 5 years. Such ananalysis is important in helping policy makers and health practitioners in developing programs geared towardscontrol and management of anemia among children under 5 years in the country.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated factors of diarrhea among under-five children in Debre Berhan Town, Ethiopia 2018: A cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sisay Shine ◽  
Sindew Muhamud ◽  
Solomon Adnew ◽  
Alebachew Demelash ◽  
Makda Abate
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Debre Berhan

Abstract Background: Diarrhea is responsible for 525,000 children under-five deaths and 1.7 billion cases globally and is the second leading cause of death among children under-five every year. It is a major public health problem in low income countries like Ethiopia. The main aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of diarrhea and associated risk factors among children under-five in Debre Berhan Town, Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 420 parent or caretaker/children pairs in Debre Berhan town between 13–18 April 2018. A multi-stage sampling strategy was used to select the study participants. Data were collected using pre-tested and structured questionnaires. Data were entered in Epi-info computer software version 3.5.1 and exported to SPSS Window Version-16 for analysis. Adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were used to assess the level of significance. Results: The two week prevalence of diarrhea among children under-five was 16.4% (69/351). Children aged 7-11 months (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 4.2, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2 - 15.3), being the second-born child (AOR: 3.9, 95%CI: 1.8 - 8.5), not vaccinated against rotavirus (AOR: 10.3, 95%CI: 3.2 - 91.3) and feeding children by hand (AOR: 2.5, 95%CI: 1.1 - 6.1) were significant predictors of diarrhea. Conclusions: This study revealed that the two weeks period prevalence of diarrhea among children under-five years was 16.4%. Education programs on the importance of vaccination against rotavirus, increasing breast feeding frequency with complementary food after six months and the critical points of hand washing are recommended.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated factors of diarrhea among under-five children in Debre Berhan Town, Ethiopia 2018: A cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sisay Shine ◽  
Sindew Muhamud ◽  
Solomon Adnew ◽  
Alebachew Demelash ◽  
Makda Abate
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Debre Berhan

Abstract Background: Diarrhea is responsible for 525,000 children under-five deaths and 1.7 billion cases globally and is the second leading cause of death among children under-five every year. It is a major public health problem in low income countries like Ethiopia. The main aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of diarrhea and associated risk factors among children under-five in Debre Berhan Town, Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 420 parent or caretaker/children pairs in Debre Berhan town between 13–18 April 2018. A multi-stage sampling strategy was used to select the study participants. Data were collected using pre-tested and structured questionnaires. Data were entered in Epi-info computer software version 3.5.1 and exported to SPSS Window Version-16 for analysis. Adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were used to assess the level of significance. Results: The two week prevalence of diarrhea among children under-five was 16.4% (69/351). Children aged 7-11 months (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 4.2, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2 - 15.3), being the second-born child (AOR: 3.9, 95%CI: 1.8 - 8.5), not vaccinated against rotavirus (AOR: 10.3, 95%CI: 3.2 - 91.3) and feeding children by hand (AOR: 2.5, 95%CI: 1.1 - 6.1) were significant predictors of diarrhea. Conclusions: This study revealed that the two weeks period prevalence of diarrhea among children under-five years was 16.4%. Education programs on the importance of vaccination against rotavirus, increasing breast feeding frequency with complementary food after six months and the critical points of hand washing are recommended.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated factors of diarrhea among under-five children in Debre Berhan Town, Ethiopia 2018: A cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sisay Shine ◽  
Sindew Muhamud ◽  
Solomon Adnew ◽  
Alebachew Demelash ◽  
Makda Abate
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Debre Berhan

Abstract Background: Diarrhea is responsible for 525,000 children under-five deaths and 1.7 billion cases globally and is the second leading cause of death among children under-five every year. It is a major public health problem in low income countries like Ethiopia. The main aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of diarrhea and associated risk factors among children under-five in Debre Berhan Town, Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 420 parent or caretaker/children pairs in Debre Berhan town between 13–18 April 2018. A multi-stage sampling strategy was used to select the study participants. Data were collected using pre-tested and structured questionnaires. Data were entered in Epi-info computer software version 3.5.1 and exported to SPSS Window Version-16 for analysis. Adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were used to assess the level of significance. Results: The two week prevalence of diarrhea among children under-five was 16.4% (69/351). Children aged 7-11 months (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 4.2, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2 - 15.3), being the second-born child (AOR: 3.9, 95%CI: 1.8 - 8.5), not vaccinated against rotavirus (AOR: 10.3, 95%CI: 3.2 - 91.3) and feeding children by hand (AOR: 2.5, 95%CI: 1.1 - 6.1) were significant predictors of diarrhea. Conclusions: This study revealed that the two weeks period prevalence of diarrhea among children under-five years was 16.4%. Education programs on the importance of vaccination against rotavirus, increasing breast feeding frequency with complementary food after six months and the critical points of hand washing are recommended.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic and environmental factors associated with diarrhoeal disease among children under five in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pintu Paul
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Diarrhoeal Disease ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Past

Abstract Background Globally, diarrhoea is the second leading cause of death in children under five and a major public health problem. Despite several health care initiatives taken by the government, a large proportion of children still experience diarrhoeal diseases which cause high childhood death in India. This study aims to examine the socio-demographic and environmental factors associated with diarrhoea in children under five in India. Methods A cross-sectional study was designed using secondary data from the recent round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4), conducted in 2015–16. A total of 247,743 living children below 5 years of age were included in the analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were carried out to assess the factors associated with childhood diarrhoeal disease. Results In India, about 9% of under-five children experience diarrhoeal disease in the past 2 weeks preceding the survey. Children living in rural areas (Adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.09), children belonged to scheduled tribe (aOR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.79, 0.89) and other castes (aOR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.88, 0.97), Muslim children (aOR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.13, 1.24), and children resided in the central (aOR: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.52, 1.70) and west (aOR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.15) regions were significantly associated with higher likelihood of diarrhoea in the past 2 weeks. Concerning environmental factors, child stool disposal (aOR: 1.06; 95% CI: 0.98, 1.09), floor materials (aOR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.12) and roof materials (aOR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.13) of the household were found to be significant predictors of childhood diarrhoea occurrence. Conclusions Diarrhoeal disease is common among children who lived in rural areas, scheduled castes, Muslims, and children from poor families. Regarding environmental factors, stool disposal practices in the household, dirt floor, and thatch roof materials of the household unit are risk factors for diarrhoeal disease. Targeted approach should be initiated to mitigate the problem of the poor health status of children by providing adequate health care. The policy-makers and stakeholders should address adverse environmental conditions by the provision of latrine and improved housing facilities.

scholarly journals Determinants of Stunting Incidence in Children Under Five Years of Age at the Rumbia Health Center, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-302
Author(s):  
Sudrayani Usman ◽  
◽  
Wa Ode Salma ◽  
Asriati Asriati ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Center ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Mother’S Education ◽  
Mother's Education

Background: Stunting is linear growth retardation and a major public health problem among children worldwide. This study was done to investigate the determinants of stunting in children under five years at the Rumbia Health Center, Indonesia. Methods: This case-control study was done on 82 (41 cases and 41 controls) subjects matched by age and sex, taken by purposive sampling involving infants and children aged 6-59 months in Rumbia District, Bombana Regency, Indonesia, consisting of 5 Village. Data were collected using medical records and a researcher-made questionnaire and analyzed by odds ratios and logistic regression using SPSS software version 16. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results: The results based on multivariate analysis showed that the incidence of stunting was influenced by a number of factors, including a history of exclusive breastfeeding (OR=0.352), birth weight (OR=5.106), family income (OR=0.703), and mother’s education level (OR=0.175). However, the mother’s education level was significantly related to the incidence of stunting in this analysis model (p=0.003). Conclusion: Indonesian mothers should be more active in accessing information about stunting and how to prevent it. Community health nurses and other members of the health care team are recommended to intensify the provision of stunting education and information to the community, especially to at-risk families. Also, special attention must be paid to women’s access to higher education.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic and environmental factors of diarrhea among under-five children in India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pintu Paul
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Childhood Mortality ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
The Past

Abstract Background: Globally, diarrhea is the second leading cause of death in children under five years of age and is a major public health problem. Despite several health care initiatives taken by the government, a large proportion of under-five children still experience diarrheal diseases which cause high childhood mortality in India. This study aims to examine the socio-demographic and environmental factors of diarrhea in children under five years old in India. Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed using the recent round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS), conducted in 2015–16. A total of 247,743 living children below five years of age were included in the analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were carried out to assess the factors associated with childhood diarrheal disease. Results: In India, about 9% of under-five children experience diarrheal disease in the past two weeks. Children living in rural areas (Adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.09), belonged to scheduled tribe (aOR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.79, 0.89) and other castes (aOR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.88, 0.97), Muslim children (aOR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.13, 1.24), and children resided in the central (aOR: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.52, 1.70) and west (aOR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.15) regions were significantly associated with higher likelihood of diarrhea in the past two weeks. Concerning environmental factors, child stool disposal (aOR: 1.06; 95% CI: 0.98, 1.09), floor materials (aOR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.12) and roof materials (aOR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.13) of the household were found to be significant factors of childhood diarrhea occurrence. Conclusions: Diarrhea is common among rural, scheduled caste, Muslim and poor families’ children. Regarding environmental factors, stool disposal practices in the household, main floor and roof materials of the household unit are risk factors of diarrhea. Targeted approach should be initiated to mitigate the problem of poor health status of children by providing adequate health care. The policy-makers and stakeholders should address adverse environmental conditions by the provision of latrine and improved housing facilities.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic and environmental factors associated with diarrhoeal disease among children under five in India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pintu Paul
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Diarrhoeal Disease ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Past

Abstract Background: Globally, diarrhoea is the second leading cause of death in children under five and a major public health problem. Despite several health care initiatives taken by the government, a large proportion of children still experience diarrhoeal diseases which cause high childhood death in India. This study aims to examine the socio-demographic and environmental factors associated with diarrhoea in children under five in India.Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed using the recent round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4), conducted in 2015–16. A total of 247,743 living children below five years of age were included in the analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were carried out to assess the factors associated with childhood diarrhoeal disease.Results: In India, about 9% of under-five children experience diarrhoeal disease in the past two weeks preceding the survey. Children living in rural areas (Adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.09), belonged to scheduled tribe (aOR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.79, 0.89) and other castes (aOR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.88, 0.97), Muslim children (aOR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.13, 1.24), and children resided in the central (aOR: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.52, 1.70) and west (aOR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.15) regions were significantly associated with higher likelihood of diarrhoea in the past two weeks. Concerning environmental factors, child stool disposal (aOR: 1.06; 95% CI: 0.98, 1.09), floor materials (aOR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.12) and roof materials (aOR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.13) of the household were found to be significant factors of childhood diarrhoea occurrence.Conclusions: Diarrhoeal disease is common among children who lived in rural areas, scheduled castes, Muslims, and children from poor families. Regarding environmental factors, stool disposal practices in the household, dirt floor, and thatch roof materials of the household unit are risk factors for diarrhoeal disease. Targeted approach should be initiated to mitigate the problem of the poor health status of children by providing adequate health care. The policy-makers and stakeholders should address adverse environmental conditions by the provision of latrine and improved housing facilities.

scholarly journals Stunting in children under five years old is still a health problem in the Western Brazilian Amazon: a population-based study in Assis Brasil, Acre, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2257-2266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saulo Augusto Silva Mantovani ◽  
Alanderson Alves Ramalho ◽  
Thasciany Moraes Pereira ◽  
Fernando Luiz Cunha Castelo Branco ◽  
Humberto Oliart-Guzmán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Population Based ◽  
World Health ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract Despite the process of nutritional transition in Brazil, in some places, such as the Amazon region, stunting is still an important public health problem. We identified the prevalence and factors associated with stunting in children under five years old residing in the urban area of Assis Brasil. A survey was conducted in which a questionnaire on socioeconomic, maternal and children’s conditions was applied, and height or length was measured. The children with height for age index below -2 Z-scores were considered stunted, according to the criteria by the World Health Organization. Four hundred and twenty-eight children were evaluated. Of these, 62 were stunted. Factors associated with stunting, according to adjusted models, were: the presence of open sewer, the wealth index for households, the receipt of governmental financial aid and the mother’s height, age and education. Therefore, it was observed that family and the mother’s characteristics as well as environmental and socioeconomic factors were closely related to the occurrence of stunting in the population studied, and such nutritional disturbance is still a health problem in the Brazilian Amazon.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document