scholarly journals A Cumulative Muscle Index and Its Parameters for Predicting Future Cognitive Decline: Longitudinal Outcomes of the ASPRA Cohort

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7350
Author(s):  
Ji-Yeon Baek ◽  
Eunju Lee ◽  
Woo-Jung Kim ◽  
Il-Young Jang ◽  
Hee-Won Jung
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Longitudinal Outcomes ◽  
European Working ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
State Examination

Sarcopenia and cognitive decline share the major risk factors of physical inactivity; previous studies have shown inconsistent associations. We aimed to identify the association of sarcopenia and its parameters with cognitive decline. The 3-year longitudinal outcomes of 1327 participants from the Aging Study of the Pyeongchang Rural Area (ASPRA) cohort were analyzed. Cognitive performance was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and sarcopenia was defined by the following: the original and revised Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS), the original and revised European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP), and the Cumulative Muscle Index (CMI), a novel index based on the number of impaired domains of sarcopenia. Approximately half of the participants showed meaningful cognitive decline. Sarcopenia by the original EWGSOP and the CMI were associated with cognitive decline. Only the CMI showed consistent predictability for cognitive impairment even with different criteria of the MMSE score (OR 1.23 [1.04–1.46]; OR 1.34 [1.12–1.59]; OR 1.22 [1.01–1.49], using the 1, 2, and 3 cut-off value, respectively). Of the CMI parameters, gait speed was satisfactorily predictive of 3-year cognitive impairment (OR 0.54 [0.30–0.97]). In conclusion, sarcopenia based on the CMI may be predictive of future cognitive impairment. Gait speed was the single most important indicator of cognitive decline.

scholarly journals Norms for the mini-mental state examination: adjustment of the cut-off point in population-based studies (evidences from the Bambuí health aging study)

2008 ◽  
Vol 66 (3a) ◽  
pp. 524-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Érico Castro-Costa ◽  
Cíntia Fuzikawa ◽  
Elizabeth Uchoa ◽  
Josélia Oliveira Araújo Firmo ◽  
Maria Fernanda Lima-Costa
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Score Distribution ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Health Aging ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
Study Population ◽  
State Examination

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of cognitive impairment in an elderly population-based cohort, using several Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) cut-off points recommended by Brazilian authors and to examine the percentile distribution of MMSE scores in the study population. METHOD: A total of 1558 subjects aged >60 years (89.4% of the total), living in the city of Bambuí, MG, completed the MMSE and were included in the present study. RESULTS: The estimated prevalences of cognitive impairment varied from 13.2% to 27.0% depending on the cut-off point and agreement varied widely between them (kappa range: 0.38 to 0.88). Cut-off point 13/14 corresponded to the 5th percentile and 21/22 corresponded to the lower quartile of the MMSE score distribution. CONCLUSION: In the absence of comparable cut-off points, percentile distributions are more adequate for population-based studies of elderly with low schooling level.

scholarly journals Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE) completion on an acute care ward for the elderly: a brief study of informant characteristics

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1700-1701 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Bloomfield ◽  
N. John
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Confusion Assessment Method ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Screening Algorithm ◽  
Drawing Task ◽  
The Uk ◽  
State Examination

Over recent years in the UK, emphasis has been placed on appropriate diagnosis and referral of patients with dementia. In guidelines published by the British Geriatrics Society (BGS) and Faculty of Old Age Psychiatrists consensus group (Forsyth et al., 2006), a cognitive screening algorithm was developed, which consists of initial screening for cognitive impairment with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and CLOX1 (an executive clock drawing task). If the scores meet cut-off points indicated in the algorithm (MMSE <24 or CLOX1 <11), further assessments with the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) and the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE) are applied with the aim to differentiate between delirium (CAM positive, IQCODE negative), delirium and chronic impairment (CAM positive, IQCODE positive), or chronic cognitive impairment (CAM negative, IQCODE positive).

scholarly journals Lifestyles and Cognition

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shashi Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Poor Diet ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Age Related Cognitive Decline

Cognitive decline is a growing medical concern. It includes age-related cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia. Dementia results in considerable dysfunction in life and is associated with an increase in mortality. Since there is no cure at this time, attention is being increasingly directed towards prevention. Lifestyle factors, such as smoking, alcoholism, physical inactivity, poor diet, improper sleep, and loneliness are repeatedly being recognized as modifiable factors that can reduce cognitive decline. This manuscript briefly reviews the lifestyle-cognition relationship.  

Comparison between the accuracy of Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Mini-Mental State Examination in the detection of mild cognitive impairment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayyereh Aminisani ◽  
Rasoul alimi ◽  
Ali Javadpour ◽  
Mohhamad Asghari-Jafarabadi ◽  
Mozhgan Jourian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Montreal Cognitive Assessment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
State Examination

Abstract Introduction:Ageing can cause major changes in the central nervous system of the body, resulting in cognitive decline and associated disorders. Therefore, there is a growing need for an effective cognitive screening method to enhance the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairments and to prevent occurring dementia and Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Our study aimed to compare the accuracy of MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination) and MoCA (Montreal Cognitive Assessment) while evaluating the independent and interaction effects of age and educational level on these screening tools in a healthy sample.Method: The data for the current study was based on the registration phase of the study during 2016-2018 in Neyshabour Longitudinal Study on Ageing (NeLSA). Both the MoCA and MMSE tests were used to assess cognitive decline among 3326 participants aged 50-94 years of old. The ROC curve analysis and the predictive values were performed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of MMSE to discriminate Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) from the cognitively healthy adult basis of MoCA scores as a gold test. A two-way ANCOVA was run to examine the effect of Age and Education level on MoCA and MMSE score, while controlling for a gender effect. Data were analyzed using MedCalc Statistical Software version 13.0.6 (MedCalc Software bvba, Ostend, Belgium; http://www.medcalc.org; 2014). Results: The chi-square test shows that MoCA ((72% and 90%) significantly (p-value<0.001() classified more persons as cognitively impaired than the MMSE (45.1%), respectively; using a cutoff score of 24 on the MMSE, 23 and 26 on the MoCA. The cut-off point of below 25 yielded the highest Youden J index for the MMSE in discrimination between MCI and healthy basis of MOCA<23 with an AUC of 0.9 (95% CI: 0.89-0.91) and MOCA<26 with an AUC of 0.87 (95% CI: 0.86-0.89). A two-way ANCOVA results show that the effect of education variable on the MMSE and MoCA score is more important than the age variable.Discussion: Although the cut-off scores give a clear indication of the sensitivity and specificity, they are unable to monitor the impact of confounders, which increase the risk of incorrect classification. Taken together, these findings demonstrate the use of demographically adjusted MoCA and MMSE scores that could provide clinicians with a more reliable estimation of the severity of cognitive impairment, thus increasing the instrument's clinical usefulness.

scholarly journals Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 is associated with cognitive impairment and predicts cognitive decline - the Sydney Memory and Aging Study

Aging Cell ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 882-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talia Fuchs ◽  
Julian N. Trollor ◽  
John Crawford ◽  
David A. Brown ◽  
Bernhard T. Baune ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Aging Study

scholarly journals Combining functional scales and cognitive tests in screening for mild cognitive impairment at a university-based memory clinic in Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 346-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabella Dutra de Abreu ◽  
Paula Villela Nunes ◽  
Breno Satler Diniz ◽  
Orestes Vicente Forlenza
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Cognitive State ◽  
State Examination

OBJECTIVE: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of the Mini-Mental State Examination combined to the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly for the identification of mild cognitive impairment. METHOD: 191 elderly subjects were assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination, and their informants were assessed with the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly. Subjects were divided into three groups according to their cognitive state (controls: n = 67, mild cognitive impairment: n = 65 and dementia: n = 59), which was ascertained by clinical and neuropsychological evaluation. The diagnostic accuracy of each test in the discrimination of diagnostic groups (mild cognitive impairment vs. controls, mild cognitive impairment vs. dementia and dementia vs. controls) was examined with the aid of ROC curves. We additionally verified if the combination of both tests would increase diagnostic accuracy for mild cognitive impairment and control identification. RESULTS: The combination of the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly scores did not increase the Mini-Mental State Examination diagnostic accuracy in the identification of patients with mild cognitive impairment. CONCLUSIONS: The present data do not warrant the combination of the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly as a sufficient diagnostic tool in the diagnostic screening for mild cognitive impairment.

scholarly journals Lobar microbleeds are associated with cognitive impairment in patients with lacunar infarction

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Nakamori ◽  
Naohisa Hosomi ◽  
Keisuke Tachiyama ◽  
Teppei Kamimura ◽  
Hayato Matsushima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Mmse Score ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Lacunar Infarction ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Periventricular Hyperintensity

Abstract Associations between cognitive decline and cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) have received increasing attention. An association between CMB distribution (deep or lobar) and cognitive decline has been reported, but these findings are controversial. We investigated the association between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, including CMBs, and cognitive function in patients with first-ever lacunar infarction. We retrospectively included consecutive patients admitted with first-ever lacunar infarction identified by MRI from July 1, 2011, to December 31, 2018. We excluded patients diagnosed with dementia, including strategic single-infarct dementia, before or after the onset of stroke. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was performed within 3 days of admission. We searched the records of 273 patients (age 72.0 ± 11.2 years, 95 females). The median MMSE score was 27 (interquartile range 25.5–29). In a univariate analysis, the MMSE score was associated with age, body mass index (BMI), education, dyslipidemia, chronic kidney disease (CKD), periventricular hyperintensity, medial temporal atrophy, lobar CMBs, and mixed CMBs (p < 0.20). The lacunar infarction location was not associated with the MMSE score. In a multivariate analysis of these factors, lobar CMBs (p < 0.001) and mixed CMBs (p = 0.008) were independently associated with the MMSE score. Lobar CMBs were associated with cognitive impairment.

scholarly journals Association of White Matter Hyperintensity Progression with Cognitive Decline in Patients with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 877-883
Author(s):  
Kentaro Hirao ◽  
Fumio Yamashita ◽  
Akito Tsugawa ◽  
Rieko Haime ◽  
Raita Fukasawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensity ◽  
Final Visit ◽  
Amnestic Mci ◽  
Entire Duration ◽  
Frontal Lobe Function ◽  
State Examination

Background: White matter hyperintensities (WMH) on MRI have been reported to increase the risk of conversion from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, effects of the progression of WMH on the cognition of patients with MCI remains unclear to date. Objective: To investigate the association between WMH progression and cognitive decline in amnestic MCI patients. Methods: Thirty-eight subjects with amnestic MCI were analyzed prospectively every year for 2 years. Fourteen MCI subjects dropped out on the final visit, and therefore 24 subjects with MCI were analyzed for the entire duration. The volumes of periventricular hyperintensities (PVH) and deep WMH (DWMH) were measured on T2 FLAIR using the 3D-slicer. The associations between PVH/DWMH progression and cognitive decline were investigated. Results: An increase in DWMH volume significantly correlated with changes in Mini-Mental State Examination and category verbal fluency scores, whereas an increase in PVH volume did not correlate with changes in any item. Conclusion: DWMH progression was closely associated with a decline in frontal lobe function and semantic memory, suggesting that WMH progression might affect some AD pathophysiologies in amnestic MCI patients.

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