scholarly journals Can Increasing Scale Efficiency Curb Agricultural Nonpoint Source Pollution?

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8798
Author(s):  
Xiang Gao ◽  
Binglong Li ◽  
Song Jiang ◽  
Yunbin Nie
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Spillover Effect ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Nonpoint Source ◽  
Spatial Effect ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Family Farms ◽  
Nps Pollution ◽  
Agricultural Nonpoint Source

The Chinese government has made great efforts to improve the scale efficiency of land through various measures during recent years, hoping to realize the coordinated developing goal of promoting agricultural benefits and protecting the environment. Statistics show that China’s land scale efficiency has steadily increased, but agricultural nonpoint source (NPS) pollution has also increased, which seems contrary to the expected outcome. Can increasing scale efficiency really curb agricultural NPS pollution? This study uses provincial-level data from China, together with a panel model and spatial econometric model, to investigate the relationship between scale efficiency and agricultural NPS pollution. It is found that the increase of scale efficiency aggravates the agricultural NPS pollution, and the conclusion still holds after considering spatial effect. The results of spatial analysis shows that the agricultural NPS pollution is spatially dependent. Further decomposition of the spatial effect shows that the scale efficiency not only intensifies the local agricultural NPS pollution, but also has a spillover effect (though not statistically significant) on agricultural NPS pollution in the surrounding areas. It is worth noting that financial policy, raising wage income and upgrading industrial structure can effectively curb agricultural NPS pollution in this region and adjacent areas, which also deserves our attention in the control of agricultural NPS pollution. In addition, it is necessary to make financial and fiscal support policies specifically for the governance of agricultural NPS pollution, adjust the distorted prices of input factors such as chemicals and pesticide, and accelerate the transformation of small-sized farmers to family farms, in order to maximize the inhibitory effect of scale efficiency on relieving agricultural NPS pollution.

scholarly journals Research of Spatial and Temporal Evolution Mechanism and Countermeasures of Haze Spatial Pattern in China: Visual Field Based on Dynamic Evolution and Spatial Agglomeration

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Xin Tong ◽  
Xuesen Li ◽  
Lin Tong ◽  
Kai Chen
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Spillover Effect ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Dynamic Evolution ◽  
Time Dimension ◽  
Regional Haze ◽  
Spatial Panel Data ◽  
The Government

In this paper, spatial domain verification of the haze of dependence and the dynamic evolution process of the spatial panel data model was based on the estimation of different factors that influence on the horizon haze effect and spillover effect from the perspective of spatial economics. The study found that the provincial space is dependent on Chinese haze; the influence of haze on neighboring provinces of the spatial spillover effect factors is obvious during the period of 2000∼2015; the effect of elastic coefficient of industrial structures on the haze near the space overflow area energy is high; thus the industrial structure has a significant inhibitory effect on the haze; the role of regional industrial transfer haze governance has been very fruitful; population, economic growth, financial development, and fiscal decentralization to reduce haze inhibiting the spillover effect of regional haze were increasing. In the formulation of haze-related policies and development planning, the government departments must take into account the spatial mechanism of regional haze and influencing factors and realize the overall reduction of haze amount in time dimension and spatial dimension in China.

Policy tools for agricultural nonpoint source water pollution control in the U.S. and E.U.

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Drevno
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Nonpoint Source ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Policy Tool ◽  
Nps Pollution ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Agricultural Nonpoint Source

Purpose – In the USA and Europe, agricultural nonpoint source (NPS) pollution continues to be among the chief impediments to achieving water quality standards. While the implementation of technology-based water pollution control tools has resulted in evident point source pollution abatement, NPSs continue to threaten surface water and groundwater. The purpose of this paper is to draw from environmental policy literature to identify regulatory tools and management approaches that specifically target agricultural NPS pollution and the factors that drive or impede their implementation and enforcement. This paper utilizes the policy tool framework to help characterize the widespread policy problem, distinguishing its unique set of hurdles from other environmental problems. Design/methodology/approach – Discussion of agricultural NPS pollution management approaches is based on a thorough review of relevant environmental policy and environmental economic literature as well as case studies from the USA and Europe. Analysis is based on the policy tool framework. Findings – This study finds that controlling numerous diffuse sources of agricultural pollution requires an integrated approach that utilizes river basin management and a mix of policy instruments. Additionally, findings suggest that transitioning from voluntary mechanisms to more effective instruments based on measurable water quality performance relies predominantly on three factors: first, more robust quality monitoring data and models; second, local participation; and third, political will. Originality/value – This research provides important information for regional and national policymakers in areas where there is increasing pollution and regulatory mandates. Identifying conditions of effective water quality policy is applicable and will be of direct use to agencies charged with pollution control.

scholarly journals Reexamining the Impact of Industrial Structure on Haze Pollution Based on the Yangtze River Delta

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 613
Author(s):  
Lu Wang ◽  
Shumin Jiang ◽  
Hua Xu
Keyword(s):  
Yangtze River ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Spillover Effect ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Spatial Spillover ◽  
Haze Pollution ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Spatial Spillover Effect

In this study, the static and dynamic spatial Durbin model between industrial structure and haze pollution in Yangtze River Delta is constructed. Later, the spatial spillover effect and time lag effect of haze pollution in Yangtze River Delta are analyzed. The impact of rationalization and upgrading of industrial structure on haze pollution and its spatial spillover effect are discussed. The results show that: (i) PM2.5 has a significant positive spatial spillover effect and time lag effect; (ii) in the short run, the rationalization and upgrading of industrial structure has no inhibitory effect on haze pollution, while the rationalization and upgrading of industrial structure of surrounding cities has an inhibitory effect on local haze pollution; (iii) in the long run, the rationalization and upgrading of industrial structure of surrounding cities have an inhibitory effect on local haze pollution; (iv) economic growth, FDI, the number of Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size, and population density also have spatial spillover effects on haze pollution. Therefore, considering the spatial spillover effect of haze pollution from the perspective of urban agglomeration and long-term, strengthening the joint prevention and control and comprehensive treatment among cities, further promoting the rationalization and upgrading of industrial structure is conducive to reducing haze pollution.

scholarly journals Can FinTech Development Curb Agricultural Nonpoint Source Pollution?

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (22) ◽  
pp. 4340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Jiang ◽  
Shuang Qiu ◽  
Hong Zhou ◽  
Meilan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Weighted Least Squares ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Nonpoint Source ◽  
Structural Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Agricultural Economy ◽  
Nps Pollution ◽  
Agricultural Nonpoint Source ◽  
The Impact

The green development of FinTech empowerment has become a compelling theme in economic development. In this study, based on the weighted least squares (WLS) and threshold regression methods of cross-sectional data, we empirically examine the impact of FinTech development on agricultural nonpoint source (NPS) pollution, a major cause of impaired surface water quality. Our results show that there is an inverted “U” shape relationship between the development of FinTech and agricultural NPS pollution. That is, after crossing a “threshold value”, the level of FinTech development can curb agricultural NPS pollution. At the structural level, the availability of FinTech services, the FinTech infrastructure, and the agricultural NPS pollution also have an inverted “U” shape relationship. At the threshold effect, in the developing stage of an agricultural economy, the overall level of FinTech development, the use of FinTech services, the availability of FinTech services, and the FinTech infrastructure have an inverted “U” shape relationship with agricultural NPS pollution. On the other hand, in the developed stage of an agricultural economy, the impact of FinTech development and its structure on agricultural NPS pollution is insignificant. Hence, we can conclude that FinTech development can help reduce agricultural NPS pollution in under-developed regions. However, due to the fact that a “U” shape relationship always exists between FinTech service quality and agricultural NPS pollution, the quality of FinTech service should be the main focus to reduce agricultural NPS pollution more effectively.

The Re-Cognition and Direction of Chinese Labor-Intensive Industry

2014 ◽  
Vol 945-949 ◽  
pp. 2911-2914
Author(s):  
Bo Sun ◽  
Ze Hua Chen
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
East China ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Current Policy ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Chinese Labor

Chinese government has decided to treat the adjusting industrial structure as the strategic task to the national economy. In this situation, labor-intensive industry (LII) is ignored in some extent. This ignorance deserves our attention. To rediscover the new meaning of LII, this paper tries to redefine it, and to predict the direction of its upgrade in China. We think that LII can be divided into four parts: traditional LII, LII based on capital, LII based on technology, and advanced LII. The non-traditional meanings of LII are the production processes depending on labors in capital-and technology-intensive industry. We put forward two upgrade directions of LII: the traditional LII will transfer to the non-traditional LII; LII is shifting from the east China to inland. The paper will help us re-cognize the meanings of LII, and review our current policy in the process of adjusting industrial structure.

scholarly journals Development and Assessment of a New Framework for Agricultural Nonpoint Source Pollution Control

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 3156
Author(s):  
Lili Zhou ◽  
Runzhe Geng
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Nonpoint Source ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
Buffer Strip ◽  
Rural Living ◽  
Agricultural Nonpoint Source

The transport of agricultural nonpoint source (NPS) pollutants in water pathways is affected by various factors such as precipitation, terrain, soil erosion, surface and subsurface flows, soil texture, land management, and vegetation coverage. In this study, based on the transmission mechanism of NPS pollutants, we constructed a five-factor model for predicting the path-through rate of NPS pollutants. The five indices of the hydrological processes, namely the precipitation index (α), terrain index (β), runoff index (TI), subsurface runoff index (LI), and buffer strip retention index (RI), are integrated with the pollution source data, including the rural living, livestock and farmland data, obtained from the national pollution source census. The proposed model was applied to the headwater of the Miyun Reservoir watershed for identifying the areas with high path-through rates of agricultural NPS pollutants. The results demonstrated the following. (1) The simulation accuracy of the model is acceptable in mesoscale watersheds. The total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) agriculture loads were determined as 705.11 t and 3.16 t in 2014, with the relative errors of the simulations being 19.62% and 24.45%, respectively. (2) From the spatial distribution of the agricultural NPS, the TN and TP resource loads were mainly distributed among the upstream of Dage and downstream of Taishitun, as well as the towns of Bakshiying and Gaoling. The major source of TN was found to be farmland, accounting for 47.6%, followed by livestock, accounting for 37.4%. However, the path-through rates of TP were different from those of TN; rural living was the main TP source (65%). (3) The path-through rates of agricultural NPS were the highest for the towns of Wudaoying, Dage, Tuchengzi, Anchungoumen, and Huodoushan, where the path-through rate of TN ranged from 0.17 to 0.26. As for TP, it was highest in Wudaoying, Kulongshan, Dage, and Tuchengzi, with values ranging from 0.012 to 0.019. (4) A comprehensive analysis of the distribution of the NPS pollution load and the path-through rate revealed the towns of Dage, Wudaoying, and Tuchengzi as the critical source areas of agricultural NPS pollutants. Therefore, these towns should be seriously considered for effective watershed management. In addition, compared with field monitoring, the export coefficient model, and the physical-based model, the proposed five-factor model, which is based on the path-through rate and the mechanism of agricultural NPS pollutant transfer, cannot only obtain the spatial distribution characteristics of the path-through rate on a field scale but also be applicable to large-scale watersheds for estimating the path-through rates of NPS pollutants.

scholarly journals THE MEASUREMENT OF HIERARCHICALLY SPATIAL INDUSTRIAL KNOWLEDGE SPILLOVER EFFECTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Qianting Ye
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Knowledge Spillovers ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Guangdong Province ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Spatial Effect ◽  
The Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Economic Reality ◽  
Spatial Autoregressive ◽  
The Relationship

Based on the “year–region–industry” three - dimensional unbalanced industrial production panel data of Guangdong Province in China from 2005-2013, the relationship between knowledge spillovers and industrial structure is investigated by hierarchically spatial lagged with spatial autoregressive error (HSARAR) model. The empirical results indicate that the impacts of MAR, Jacobs, and Porter spillover on Guangdong's industry economic growth is positive and statistically significant. The industrial HSARAR model considers the hierarchical structure and spatial effect simultaneously, which has a better description on economic reality than the pooled model and SARAR model.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document