scholarly journals Life Course Neighbourhood Deprivation and Self-Rated Health: Does It Matter Where You Lived in Adolescence and Do Neighbourhood Effects Build Up over Life?

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10311
Author(s):  
Stephen Jivraj ◽  
Owen Nicholas ◽  
Emily T. Murray ◽  
Paul Norman
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Cumulative Exposure ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
National Child Development Study ◽  
Neighbourhood Deprivation ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Strength Of Association

There is an overreliance on concurrent neighbourhood deprivation as a determinant of health. Only a small section of the literature focuses on the cumulative exposure of neighbourhood deprivation over the life course. This paper uses data from the 1958 National Child Development Study, a British birth cohort study, linked to 1971–2011 Census data at the neighbourhood level to longitudinally model self-rated health between ages 23 and 55 by Townsend deprivation score between ages 16 and 55. Change in self-rated health is analysed using ordinal multilevel models to test the strength of association with neighbourhood deprivation at age 16, concurrently and cumulatively. The results show that greater neighbourhood deprivation at age 16 predicts worsening self-rated health between ages 33 and 50. The association with concurrent neighbourhood deprivation is shown to be stronger compared with the measurement at age 16 when both are adjusted in the model. The concurrent association with change in self-rated health is explained by cumulative neighbourhood deprivation. These findings suggest that neglecting exposure to neighbourhood deprivation over the life course will underestimate the neighbourhood effect. They also have potential implications for public policy suggesting that neighbourhood socioeconomic equality may bring about better population health.

scholarly journals Is life-course neighbourhood deprivation associated with frailty and frailty progression from age 70 to 82 in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gergo Baranyi ◽  
Miles Welstead ◽  
Janie Corley ◽  
Ian Deary ◽  
Graciela Muniz-Terrera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Social Deprivation ◽  
Frailty Index ◽  
Sensitive Period ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Late Adulthood ◽  
Neighbourhood Deprivation ◽  
Lothian Birth Cohort ◽  
The Life Course

Background Neighbourhood features have been postulated as key predictors of frailty. However, evidence is mainly limited to cross-sectional studies without indication of long-term impact and developmental timing of the exposures. This study explored how neighbourhood social deprivation (NSD) across the life course is associated with frailty and frailty progression among older Scottish adults. Methods Participants (n=323) were from the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 with historical measures of NSD in childhood (1936-1955), early adulthood (1956-1975) and mid-to-late adulthood (1976-2014). Frailty was measured five times between the ages of 70 and 82 years using the Frailty Index. Confounder-adjusted life-course models were assessed using a structured modelling approach with least angle regression; associations were estimated for frailty at baseline using linear regression, and for frailty progression using linear mixed-effects models. Results Accumulation was the most appropriate life-course model for males; greater accumulated NSD was associated with higher frailty at age 70 (b=0.017; 95%CI: 0.005, 0.029; P=0.007) with dominant exposure times in childhood and mid-to-late adulthood. Among females, mid-to-late adulthood sensitive period was the best-fit life-course model and higher NSD in this period was associated with widening frailty trajectories between age 70 and 82 (b=0.005; 95%CI: 0.0004, 0.009, P=0.033). Conclusions This is the first investigation of the life-course impact of neighbourhood deprivation on frailty in a cohort of older adults with residential information across their lives. Future research should explore neighbourhood mechanisms linking deprivation to frailty. Policies designed to address neighbourhood deprivation and inequalities across the full life course may support healthy ageing.

scholarly journals Birthweight, lifetime obesity and physical functioning in mid-adulthood: a nationwide birth cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 657-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Trivedy Rogers ◽  
Chris Power ◽  
Snehal M Pinto Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Physical Functioning ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Gender Specific

Abstract Background Evidence is scant on long-term implications of childhood obesity and body mass index (BMI) gains over the life-course for poor physical functioning (PF). The objective was to establish whether (i) birthweight and BMI across the life-course, (ii) BMI gains at specific life-stages and (iii) age of obesity onset were associated with PF at 50 y. Methods In the 1958 British birth cohort (n = 8674), BMI (kg/m2) was calculated using height and weight [measured (7, 11, 16, 33 and 45 y); self-reported (23 and 50 y)]. PF was assessed at 50 y using the validated PF subscale of the Short-form 36 survey; the bottom (gender-specific) 10% was classified as poor PF. Missing data were imputed via multiple imputation. Associations were examined using logistic regression, adjusting for health and social factors. Results Birthweight was not associated with PF. At each adult age, odds of poor PF were highest for obese (vs normal), e.g. for 23 y obesity the odds ratio (OR)adjusted for poor PF was 2.28 (1.34, 3.91) and 2.67 (1.72, 4.14) in males and females respectively. BMI gains were associated with poor PF, e.g. for females, ORadjusted per standard deviation (SD) in BMI gain 16–23 y was 1.28 (1.13, 1.46); for BMI gains 45–50 y it was 1.36 (1.11, 1.65). Longer duration of obesity was associated with poor PF, e.g. in males, ORadjusted was 2.32 (1.26, 4.29) for childhood obesity onset and 1.50 (1.16, 1.96) for mid-adulthood onset (vs never obese, P-trend < 0.001). Conclusion Obesity, BMI gains, and earlier obesity onset were associated with poor PF in mid-adulthood, reinforcing the importance of preventing and delaying obesity onset.

scholarly journals Does social disadvantage over the life-course account for alcohol and tobacco use in Irish people? Birth cohort study

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 594-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayati Das-Munshi ◽  
Gerard Leavey ◽  
Stephen A. Stansfeld ◽  
Martin J. Prince
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Social Disadvantage ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Irish People ◽  
The Life Course

scholarly journals BIRTHWEIGHT, LIFETIME OBESITY, AND PHYSICAL FUNCTIONING IN MID-ADULTHOOD: A NATIONWIDE BIRTH COHORT STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S49-S49
Author(s):  
Nina Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Physical Functioning ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Poor Physical Functioning

Abstract Evidence is scant on long-term implications of body mass index (BMI) gains over the life-course for poor physical functioning (PF). Using the 1958 British birth cohort (N=8,674) we examine whether i) birthweight and BMI across the life-course; ii) BMI gains at specific life-stages; and iii) age of obesity onset, were associated with PF at 50y. At each adult age, obesity was associated with poor PF (e.g. for males at 23y adjusted-ORs for poor PF was 2.28(1.34,3.91)). BMI gains were associated with poor PF (e.g. for females, adjusted-OR per SD BMI gain 16-23y was 1.28(1.13,1.46)). Longer obesity duration was associated with poor PF (e.g. for males, adjusted-OR was 2.32(1.26,4.29) for childhood obesity onset, and 1.50(1.16,1.96) for mid-adulthood onset); associations were abolished with further adjustment for 50y BMI. Obesity, BMI gains, and earlier obesity onset were associated with poor PF in mid-adulthood reinforcing the importance of preventing obesity early in the lifecourse.

scholarly journals Monitoring Inequities in Self-Rated Health Over the Life Course in Population Surveillance Systems

2009 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 680-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine R. Chittleborough ◽  
Anne W. Taylor ◽  
Fran E. Baum ◽  
Janet E. Hiller
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Population Surveillance ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
The Life Course

Leisure-time physical activity over the life course and cognitive functioning in late mid-adult years: a cohort-based investigation

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 2447-2458 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Dregan ◽  
M. C. Gulliford
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
National Child Development Study ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Life Course

BackgroundThe objective of the present study was to estimate the association between different leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) parameters from 11 to 50 years and cognitive functioning in late mid-adulthood.MethodThe study used a prospective birth cohort study including participants in the UK National Child Development Study (NCDS) from age 11 to 50 years. Standardized z scores for cognitive, memory and executive functioning at age 50 represented the primary outcome measures. Exposures included self-reported LTPA at ages 11, 16, 33, 42, 46 and 50 years. Analyses were adjusted for important confounders including educational attainment and long-standing illness.ResultsThe adjusted difference in cognition score between women who reported LTPA for at least 4 days/week in five surveys or more and those who never reported LTPA for at least 4 days/week was 0.28 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.20–0.35], 0.10 (95% CI 0.01–0.19) for memory score and 0.30 (95% CI 0.23–0.38) for executive functioning score. For men, the equivalent differences were: cognition 0.12 (95% CI 0.05–0.18), memory 0.06 (95% CI − 0.02 to 0.14) and executive functioning 0.16 (95% CI 0.10–0.23).ConclusionsThis study provides novel evidence about the lifelong association between LTPA and memory and executive functioning in mid-adult years. Participation in low-frequency and low-intensity LTPA was positively associated with cognitive functioning in late mid-adult years for men and women. The greatest benefit emerged from participating in lifelong intensive LTPA.

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