scholarly journals Elemental Speciation Analysis in Environmental Studies: Latest Trends and Ecological Impact

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 12135
Author(s):  
Mauricio Llaver ◽  
Emiliano F. Fiorentini ◽  
María N. Oviedo ◽  
Pamela Y. Quintas ◽  
Rodolfo G. Wuilloud
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Chemistry ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Speciation Analysis ◽  
Sample Treatment ◽  
Chromatographic Separations ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Relevant Element

Speciation analysis is a key aspect of modern analytical chemistry, as the toxicity, environmental mobility, and bioavailability of elemental analytes are known to depend strongly on an element’s chemical species. Henceforth, great efforts have been made in recent years to develop methods that allow not only the determination of elements as a whole, but also each of its separate species. Environmental analytical chemistry has not ignored this trend, and this review aims to summarize the latest methods and techniques developed with this purpose. From the perspective of each relevant element and highlighting the importance of their speciation analysis, different sample treatment methods are introduced and described, with the spotlight on the use of modern nanomaterials and novel solvents in solid phase and liquid-liquid microextractions. In addition, an in-depth discussion of instrumental techniques aimed both at the separation and quantification of metal and metalloid species is presented, ranging from chromatographic separations to electro-chemical speciation analysis. Special emphasis is made throughout this work on the greenness of these developments, considering their alignment with the precepts of the Green Chemistry concept and critically reviewing their environmental impact.

scholarly journals Dispersive Solid-Phase Extraction using Magnetic Carbon Nanotube Composite for the Determination of Emergent Mycotoxins in Urine Samples

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arroyo-Manzanares ◽  
Peñalver-Soler ◽  
Campillo ◽  
Viñas
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Solid Phase Extraction ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Sample Treatment ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Relative Standard

Dispersive magnetic solid-phase extraction (DMSPE) has received growing attention for sample treatment preconcentration prior to the separation of analytes due to its many advantages. In the present work, the potential of DMSPE for the determination of emergent mycotoxins (enniatins A, A1, B and B1, and beauvericin) is investigated for the first time. Different magnetic nanoparticles were tested and a magnetic multiwalled carbon nanotube (Fe3O4@MWCNT) composite was selected for the extraction and preconcentration of the five target mycotoxins in human urine samples before their analysis by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS). The nanocomposite was characterized by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry, and X-ray diffraction. Several parameters affecting the adsorption and desorption of DMSPE steps were optimized and the method was fully validated. Due to a matrix effect, matrix-matched calibration curves were necessary to carry out quantification. In this way, limits of quantification of between 0.04 and 0.1 μg/L, relative standard deviation values lower than 12% and recoveries between 89.3% and 98.9% were obtained. Finally, a study of the reuse of the Fe3O4@MWCNT composite was carried out, confirming that it can be reused at least four times.

Determination of gadolinium MRI contrast agents in fresh and oceanic waters of Australia employing micro-solid phase extraction, HILIC-ICP-MS and bandpass mass filtering

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 767-775
Author(s):  
Maximilian Horstmann ◽  
Raquel Gonzalez de Vega ◽  
David. P. Bishop ◽  
Uwe Karst ◽  
Philip A. Doble ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase Extraction ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Speciation Analysis ◽  
Mri Contrast Agents ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Mri Contrast ◽  
Icp Ms

Speciation analysis of Gd-based MRI contrast agents in fresh and oceanic waters employing an automatised micro-solid phase extraction method and HILIC-ICP-MS detection operating an increased mass bandpass.

A Routine Method for Simultaneous Determination of Three Classes of Antibiotics in Aquaculture Water by SPE-RPLC-UV

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 1253-1259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Xin Zhang ◽  
Li Li Dong ◽  
Kuan Cai ◽  
Rui Ping Li
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Gradient Elution ◽  
Veterinary Antibiotics ◽  
Chromatographic Separations ◽  
Monitoring Method ◽  
Routine Monitoring ◽  
Aquaculture Water

This work describes a routine monitoring method for simultaneous determination of three classes of veterinary antibiotics (quinolones, sulfonamides, and tetracylines) in the aquaculture water. The selected eleven pharmaceuticals include four quinolones (enoxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and lomefloxacin), four sulfonamides (sulfadiazine, sulfadimidine, sulfamethoxazole and sulfisoxazole) and three tetracyclines (tetracycline, chlortetracycline, and doxycycline). The entire procedures for pre-concentration by solid phase extraction (SPE) using Oasis HLB, and liquid chromatography-ultraviolet spectrometry (LC-UV) quantification were examined and optimized. The chromatographic separations were performed on a Kromasil 100-C18(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) column, using 0.1% (v/v) formic acid in water and acetonitrile as mobile phase with gradient elution, and 280 nm as the detective wavelength. The recovery efficiencies were found to be 85-117% for quinolones, 81-109% for sulfonamides, and 84-110% for tetracyclines at three spiking levels (5, 10 and 50 μg/L). The developed method was applied to real water samples collected from four aquafarms located in Yichang, Hubei Province, China. Three or four tested antibiotics were detected in all water samples, with concentrations ranging from 0.65 μg/L to 4.33 μg/L. The method is convenient and rapid, and provides a quantitative measurement of multi-residue antibiotics without complex and expensive analytical equipment.

Solid phase extraction coupled with a liquid waveguide capillary cell for simultaneous redox speciation analysis of dissolved iron in estuarine and coastal waters

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 4971-4978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaojin Chen ◽  
Yongming Huang ◽  
Sichao Feng ◽  
Dongxing Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase Extraction ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Automatic System ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Speciation Analysis ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Dissolved Iron ◽  
Liquid Waveguide Capillary Cell

An automatic system for simultaneous determination of Fe(ii) and Fe(ii + iii) in estuarine and coastal waters is established and applied in situ.

scholarly journals Sample Treatment Methods for the Determination of Phenolic Environmental Estrogens in Foods and Drinking Water

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 348-364
Author(s):  
Yongxin Li ◽  
Shuo Yin ◽  
Yi Yang ◽  
Jing Chen ◽  
Ling Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction ◽  
Environmental Estrogens ◽  
Sample Treatment ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Human Reproductive ◽  
Magnetic Spe

Abstract Environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are a large category of chemicals that can disrupt normal endocrine functions of organisms. They can enter the environment and foodstuffs in different ways and bring great threat to human health. Phenolic environmental estrogens (PEEs) are the typical representatives of EDCs and include bisphenols, alkylphenols, and others such as dibromophenol, dichlorophenol, 4-nitrophenononylphenol, etc. Even trace amounts of PEEs can cause serious damage to the human reproductive, nervous, and immune systems; therefore, it is very important to develop accurate and sensitive methods for their determination in different matrixes. At the present, there are still many challenges in the determination of PEEs in the samples with complex matrixes, and the sample treatment is one of the key issues. This review deals with the recent advances in sample treatment methods for the analysis of PEEs in foods and drinking water, including improved and newly developed liquid–liquid extraction, solid-phase extraction (SPE), magnetic SPE, matrix solid-phase dispersion with new adsorbent materials, and stir-bar sorptive extraction. In addition, the challenges and perspectives are also briefly discussed.

scholarly journals Miniaturized sample preparation based on carbon nanostructures

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soledad Cárdenas
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Chemistry ◽  
Carbon Nanoparticles ◽  
Carbon Nanostructures ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Present Situation ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Sample Treatment ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Analytical Chemist ◽  
Potential Influence

AbstractThe evolution of analytical methodologies has been driven by the objective to reduce the complexity of sample treatment while increasing the efficiency of the overall analytical process. For this reason, the analytical chemist takes into consideration advances in other scientific areas and systematically evaluates the potential influence that such discoveries might have on its own discipline. This is the present situation with nanostructured materials, which have already been recognized as a revolution in many scientific and technological fields, including analytical chemistry. Carbon nanoparticles have been a cornerstone in the advance of miniaturization of analytical processes. This review article considers the contribution of four reference carbon nanoparticles: nanotubes, graphene, nanohorns/ cones and fullerenes, in the context of miniaturized sample treatment, where their outstanding sorbent properties are by far the most exploited in (micro) solid phase extraction.

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