scholarly journals Addressing Depression Symptoms among University Students under COVID-19 Restrictions—The Mediating Role of Stress and the Moderating Role of Resilience

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12752
Author(s):  
Chang Liu ◽  
Melinda McCabe ◽  
Sebastian Kellett-Renzella ◽  
Shruthi Shankar ◽  
Nardin Gerges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
University Students ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Moderating Role

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has contributed to a decline in mental health globally. Compared to the general population, university students have been identified as a group vulnerable to developing depression symptoms during the pandemic. Social isolation, a signature mental health consequence under physical-distancing regulations, is a known predictor of depression symptoms during the pandemic. Yet, more research is required to understand the mechanism that underpins the isolation–depression association and identify psychological factors that may attenuate the association. The current study aimed to understand the role of stress and resilience in the isolation–depression association among university students. Methods: Data were collected from 1718 university students between 28 and 31 May 2020. Partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was used to examine the mediating role of perceived stress and the moderating role of resilience in the isolation–depression association. Results: We found that perceived stress partially mediated the association between social isolation and depression symptoms. Both the direct and indirect effects were moderated by participants’ resilience levels. Conclusions: Social isolation during the pandemic may contribute to depression symptoms both directly and through elevated stress levels. As an internal strength, resilience may buffer the adverse effects of isolation and stress on depression symptoms. Targeted interventions including mindfulness and physical exercise training may provide promising results in reducing depression symptoms among university students and should be considered by university administrators particularly during times of imposed physical-distancing measures.

scholarly journals Perceived stress and insomnia under the period of COVID-19: The mediating role of sense of security and the moderating role of family cohesion

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baojuan Ye ◽  
Jing Hu ◽  
Hohjin Im ◽  
Mingfan Liu ◽  
Xinqiang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Family Cohesion ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Chinese College Students ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Sense Of Security ◽  
Moderating Role

Although perceived stress has been shown to play an important role in insomnia, little is known about the mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying this relation. In particular, the outbreak of COVID-19 has undoubtedly had a significant impact on the physical and mental health of college students. The present study focused on Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic and examined the mediating role of sense of security between perceived stress and insomnia and the moderating role of family cohesion. Chinese college students (N = 1,187) completed the measures of perceived stress, sense of security, insomnia, and family cohesion. The results indicated that perceived stress was significantly and positively associated with insomnia, and sense of security partially mediated this relation. Moderated mediation analysis further indicated that family cohesion moderated the relation between perceived stress and sense of security. This relation became weaker for college students with higher levels of family cohesion. Results highlight the significance of identifying the mechanisms that moderate the mediate paths between perceived stress and college students’ insomnia.

Modeling Structural Equations of Relationships between Attachment Styles and Self-Differentiation with Academic Performance of University Students with the Mediating Role of Health Promoting Lifestyle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vafa Mostafa ◽  
Hajar Falahzadeh ◽  
Sorur Ahmadi ◽  
Omid Hamidi
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
University Students ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Health Promoting Lifestyle ◽  
Self Differentiation

Aim: The aim of this study was to test the structural equation model of relationships between attachment styles and self-differentiation with academic performance of university students with the mediating role of health-promoting lifestyle. Methods: The method of this research was descriptive and correlation type. The statistical population consisted of all undergraduate students of Shahid Beheshti University (1554 people) in the academic year of 2018-2019. The sample size was estimated to be 308 based on Cochran formula. Eventually 305 questionnaires were finalized. Research tools included the Self-Distinction Questionnaire (Skowron & Schmitt, 2003), the Adults Attachment Inventory (AAI) (Hazen and Shaver, 1987), the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile (Walker, Sichrist & Pender, 1995) and the Educational Performance Test (Pham and Taylor, 1999) were used and data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistical methods (Pearson correlation, path analysis and structural equation modeling) using SPSS 23 and AMOS 26 statistical softwares. Findings: The results showed that attachment styles and self-differentiation have a significant relationship with academic performance and these variables are able to directly predict academic performance (p<0.01). Promotional lifestyles can also play a mediating role between attachment styles and self-differentiation with academic performance (p<0.01). Conclusion: Regarding the relationship between attachment styles, self-differentiation and health-promoting lifestyle with academic performance, special attention to these variables is necessary to improve student performance.

scholarly journals Autonomy Need Dissatisfaction in Daily Life and Problematic Mobile Phone Use: The Mediating Roles of Boredom Proneness and Mobile Phone Gaming

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. 5305
Author(s):  
Wei Hong ◽  
Ru-De Liu ◽  
Yi Ding ◽  
Rui Zhen ◽  
Ronghuan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Need Satisfaction ◽  
Mobile Phone Use ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Problematic Mobile Phone Use ◽  
Boredom Proneness

Psychological needs dissatisfaction has been identified as hindering adaptive development, in which autonomy need dissatisfaction, as one core component, may be associated with adolescents’ maladaptive online behaviors. Sporadic research has examined the association between autonomy need dissatisfaction and problematic mobile phone use (PMPU). Boredom proneness and mobile phone gaming were suggested to be linked to this association. This study aimed to examine the mediating effects of boredom proneness and mobile phone gaming in the association between autonomy need dissatisfaction and PMPU. A total of 358 secondary school students completed questionnaires at three waves; autonomy need dissatisfaction was measured in time 1 (T1); boredom proneness and mobile phone gaming were measured one year later (time 2, T2); PMPU was measured two years later (time 3, T3). The structural equation model results showed that T1 autonomy need dissatisfaction not only directly predicted T3 PMPU, but also exerted effects via the mediating role of T2 boredom proneness and the chain mediating role of T2 boredom proneness and T2 mobile phone gaming. These findings reveal the unique role of specific psychological need in engaging PMPU, which provides support to targeted interventions, such that promoting autonomy need satisfaction may be an instrumental procedure to prevent adolescents from addiction-like online behaviors.

Stress and depression in Latin American immigrants: The mediating role of religiosity

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 479-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kirchner ◽  
C. Patiño
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Religious Community ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Latin American Immigrants ◽  
Religiosity And Depression ◽  
Migratory Stress ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractObjectiveMigrating implies a high level of stress that may destabilise immigrants’ mental health. The sense of spiritual fulfilment (feelings of faith, religiosity, and transcendence beyond ordinary material life) can mitigate the stress and benefit mental health. The objective of the present study was to analyze the relationship between migratory stress, religiosity and depression symptoms, as well as the mediating role of religiosity between migratory stress and depression symptoms.MethodParticipants were 295 Latin American immigrants living in Barcelona (Spain), 186 of whom (63.1%) were women and 109 (36.9%) were men. They were recruited from a Spanish NGO by means of a consecutive-case method.ResultsThe results showed an inverse relationship between religiosity and depression symptoms, but only in women. Likewise, in women, the sense of spiritual fulfilment had mediating value in buffering the relationship between stress and depression symptoms. This mediating value of spiritual fulfilment was not observed in men. For both genders religiosity was inversely related with stress. In addition, it was observed that the sense of religiosity decreases as the time since immigration passes.ConclusionsThese results may be of importance in clinical practice for prevention and therapeutic intervention with Latin American immigrants. As sense of transcendence and social support from the religious community are intertwined, it is difficult to specifically attribute the observed benefit of religiosity to the former versus the later.

scholarly journals Impact of Perceived Severity of COVID-19 (SARS-COV-2) on Mental Health of University Students of Pakistan: The Mediating Role of Muslim Religiosity

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Saleem ◽  
Abou Bakar ◽  
Areeha Khan Durrani ◽  
Zubair Manzoor
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Severity ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Muslim Religiosity ◽  
The Impact

Background: Perceived severity of COVID-19 (SARS-COV-2) is known to be associated with mental health of people in general and health professionals in particular in Western societies. However, its association with the mental health of students in Pakistan, which is predominantly a Muslim society, remains unclear so far. Moreover, the role of Muslim religiosity for such an association has not yet been investigated. We aimed to examine the association and report findings on the impact of perceived severity on mental health with a sample of students from all five provinces of Pakistan.Methods: We did a cross-sectional online survey from 1,525 Pakistani students in March 2020 using standardized measurement tools. We then determined the prevalence of perceived severity among students and its impact on their mental health. The strength of associations between these variables was estimated using generalized linear models, with appropriate distribution and link functions. Structural equation modeling through SmartPLS (3.0) software was utilized to analyze the results.Findings: The perceived severity of COVID-19 is significantly associated with mental health of Pakistani students, whereas Muslim religiosity is a strong mediator between perceived severity and mental health of Pakistani students.Conclusions: Though the perceived severity of COVID-19 is associated with mental health, this relationship can be better explained by the role of Muslim religiosity. When tested individually, the perceived severity accounted for only 18% variance in mental health that increased up to 57% by the mediating role of Muslim religiosity. This difference clearly indicates the mediating role of Muslim religiosity in the association between perceived severity and mental health for Pakistani students.

scholarly journals The Mediating Role of Rumination in the Relationship between Loneliness and Depression in University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic

COVID ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 447-457
Author(s):  
Ines Luttenbacher ◽  
Jamie S. Breukel ◽  
Maheen M. Adamson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
University Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: While mitigation procedures are needed to prevent the continuous spread of COVID-19, they may, in turn, negatively impact individuals’ mental health. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the relationships between loneliness, rumination, and depression, as well as the mediating role of rumination in the relationship between loneliness and depression in university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was circulated, collecting a final sample of 288 university students (Mage = 22.01, SD = 3.45, range = 18–55, 75.7% female). Study variables were measured utilizing self-report questionnaires. Results: In line with the hypotheses, rumination partially mediated the relationship between loneliness and depression. Discussion: Therefore, ruminative thoughts may be one of the key factors contributing to lonely university students’ susceptibility to depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Career doubt in a dual-domain model of coping and progress for university students' academic and career goals

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melodie Chamandy ◽  
Patrick Gaudreau
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
University Students ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Domain Model ◽  
Career Goals ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Dual Domain ◽  
Task Oriented

University students set career goals during their academic journey in order to facilitate their transition to the labor market. Career goals can nonetheless be accompanied by doubt, even among the most determined students. The purpose of this study (N = 234) was to investigate the role of career doubt on the progress made by university students in the simultaneous pursuit of their academic and career goals. We examined the mediating role of academic and career coping strategies in the relationship between career doubt and academic and career goal progress. The results from structural equation modeling revealed a significant indirect effect for task-oriented coping in the relationships between career doubt and both career progress and academic progress. Overall, these results clarify the mechanisms by which university students pursue their goals as a preliminary effort to inform practitioners about the role of coping to better prepare students for a successful transition to the labor market.

scholarly journals Vulnerability and Protective Factors for PTSD and Depression Symptoms Among Healthcare Workers During COVID-19: A Machine Learning Approach

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liana C. L. Portugal ◽  
Camila Monteiro Fabricio Gama ◽  
Raquel Menezes Gonçalves ◽  
Mauro Vitor Mendlowicz ◽  
Fátima Smith Erthal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Professional Recognition ◽  
Machine Learning Approach

Background: Healthcare workers are at high risk for developing mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic. There is an urgent need to identify vulnerability and protective factors related to the severity of psychiatric symptoms among healthcare workers to implement targeted prevention and intervention programs to reduce the mental health burden worldwide during COVID-19.Objective: The present study aimed to apply a machine learning approach to predict depression and PTSD symptoms based on psychometric questions that assessed: (1) the level of stress due to being isolated from one's family; (2) professional recognition before and during the pandemic; and (3) altruistic acceptance of risk during the COVID-19 pandemic among healthcare workers.Methods: A total of 437 healthcare workers who experienced some level of isolation at the time of the pandemic participated in the study. Data were collected using a web survey conducted between June 12, 2020, and September 19, 2020. We trained two regression models to predict PTSD and depression symptoms. Pattern regression analyses consisted of a linear epsilon-insensitive support vector machine (ε-SVM). Predicted and actual clinical scores were compared using Pearson's correlation coefficient (r), the coefficient of determination (r2), and the normalized mean squared error (NMSE) to evaluate the model performance. A permutation test was applied to estimate significance levels.Results: Results were significant using two different cross-validation strategies to significantly decode both PTSD and depression symptoms. For all of the models, the stress due to social isolation and professional recognition were the variables with the greatest contributions to the predictive function. Interestingly, professional recognition had a negative predictive value, indicating an inverse relationship with PTSD and depression symptoms.Conclusions: Our findings emphasize the protective role of professional recognition and the vulnerability role of the level of stress due to social isolation in the severity of posttraumatic stress and depression symptoms. The insights gleaned from the current study will advance efforts in terms of intervention programs and public health messaging.

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