scholarly journals Mental Health Symptoms Associated with Sexualized Drug Use (Chemsex) among Men Who Have Sex with Men: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 13299
Author(s):  
Daniel Íncera-Fernández ◽  
Manuel Gámez-Guadix ◽  
Santiago Moreno-Guillén
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Psychosocial Adjustment ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Mental Health Symptoms ◽  
Health Symptoms ◽  
Intravenous Drugs ◽  
Sex With Men

Background: Sexualized drug use (SDU), also known as chemsex, refers to the use of psychoactive substances for sexual purposes among men who have sex with men (MSM), which has been associated with mental health symptoms. The objective of this review is to systematically review the available evidence on mental health outcomes in MSM who use sexualized drugs. Methods: To prepare this systematic review, search strategies were developed and applied to the Web of Science, Science Direct, PubMed, and Scopus databases. A total of 117 articles were found, of which 12 were selected for the final review. Results: Those MSM who practiced SDU were more likely to experience from depression, anxiety, or a substance dependence, although these results were not found in all the studies analyzed. Among those who practiced the administration of intravenous drugs (referred to as slamsex), the mental health symptoms were more severe. Conclusions: This systematic review contributes to a fuller understanding of the mental health symptoms present in MSM who consume drugs for sexual purposes. Greater uniformity in data collection instruments is required, as well as the need to conduct a more in-depth assessment of the psychosocial adjustment of people who practice chemsex.

Ambulance personnel: Systematic review of mental health symptoms.

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 370-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon L. Wagner ◽  
Nicole White ◽  
Cheryl Regehr ◽  
Marc White ◽  
Lynn E. Alden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Health Symptoms ◽  
Ambulance Personnel ◽  
Health Symptoms

Predicting recidivism for offenders in UK substance dependence treatment: do mental health symptoms matter?

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josefien J.F. Breedvelt ◽  
Lucy V. Dean ◽  
Gail Y. Jones ◽  
Caroline Cole ◽  
Hattie C.A. Moyes
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Mental Health Symptoms ◽  
Health Symptoms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Health Factors ◽  
Substance Dependence Treatment ◽  
One Year ◽  
Mental Health Factors

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assess whether mental health symptoms affect one-year reoffending rates upon release from prison for participants engaging in substance dependence treatment in the UK. Design/methodology/approach – A retrospective cohort study was used to assess reconviction outcomes upon release. The Comprehensive Addiction and Psychological Evaluation (CAAPE) was administered to 667 inmates admitted to the programme. The effect of mental health, drug use, and static risk factors on reoffending was assessed at one-year post release. Findings – Logistic regression analysis showed that symptoms of Major Depressive Disorder at the start of substance dependence treatment increased the likelihood to reoffend, whilst Obsessive Compulsive Disorder symptoms and length of sentence decreased the likelihood to reoffend. Antisocial Personality Disorder symptoms show a trend towards increasing the likelihood to reoffend. In addition, previously established risk factors for reoffending, including dependence on heroin, crack/cocaine, and poly drug use significantly increased the likelihood of reconviction. Practical implications – Depressive symptomatology pre-treatment could affect reoffending outcomes for participants in substance dependence treatment in prison. An integrative approach addressing both substance misuse and mental health factors is pivotal. Future efforts to address both simultaneously can be made to improve assessment, training, treatment, and through care for prisoners in substance dependence treatment. Originality/value – Few studies have assessed the effect of mental health factors on reoffending outcomes for offenders in substance dependence treatment. A large sample was studied in an understudied population of UK prisoners in substance dependence treatment. The results have implications for clinical settings where mental health symptoms are not addressed concurrently with substance dependence. This finding can inform policy makers and practitioners who provide substance dependence treatment in prison.

Mental health symptoms and disorders in elite athletes: a systematic review on cultural influencers and barriers to athletes seeking treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 707-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia ◽  
João Guilherme de Mello e Gallinaro ◽  
Rodrigo Scialfa Falcão ◽  
Vincent Gouttebarge ◽  
Mary E Hitchcock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Mental Health Literacy ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Mental Health Symptoms ◽  
Health Treatment ◽  
Health Symptoms

ObjectiveTo summarise the literature on the barriers to athletes seeking mental health treatment and cultural influencers of mental health in elite athletes.DesignSystematic reviewData sourcesPubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, SportDiscus (Ebsco), and PsycINFO (ProQuest) up to November 2018.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesQualitative and quantitative original studies of elite athletes (those who competed at the professional, Olympic, or collegiate/university levels), published in any language.ResultsStigma, low mental health literacy, negative past experiences with mental health treatment-seeking, busy schedules, and hypermasculinity are barriers to elite athletes seeking mental health treatment. Cultural influencers of mental health in elite athletes include: (1) the lack of acceptance of women as athletes; (2) lower acceptability of mental health symptoms and disorders among non-white athletes; (3) non-disclosure of religious beliefs; and (4) higher dependence on economic benefits. Coaches have an important role in supporting elite athletes in obtaining treatment for mental illness. Brief anti-stigma interventions in elite athletes decrease stigma and improve literary about mental health.ConclusionThere is a need for various actors to provide more effective strategies to overcome the stigma that surrounds mental illness, increase mental health literacy in the athlete/coach community, and address athlete-specific barriers to seeking treatment for mental illness. In this systematic review, we identified strategies that, if implemented, can overcome the cultural factors that may otherwise limit athletes seeking treatment. Coaches are critical for promoting a culture within elite athletes’ environments that encourages athletes to seek treatment.

scholarly journals Occurrence of mental health symptoms and disorders in current and former elite athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 700-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Gouttebarge ◽  
João Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia ◽  
Paul Gorczynski ◽  
Brian Hainline ◽  
Mary E Hitchcock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Alcohol Misuse ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mental Health Symptoms ◽  
Health Symptoms ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Former Elite Athletes ◽  
Anxiety Depression

ObjectivesTo present an overview of the existing epidemiological evidence regarding the occurrence of mental health symptoms and disorders among current and former elite athletes.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesFive electronic databases were searched from inception to November 2018: PubMed (MEDLINE), SportDiscus via EBSCO, PSycINFO via ProQuest, Scopus and Cochrane.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesWe included original quantitative studies that were written in English, were conducted exclusively among current or former elite athletes, and presented incidence or prevalence rates of symptoms of mental disorders.ResultsTwenty-two relevant original studies about mental health symptoms and disorders among current elite athletes were included: they presented data especially on symptoms of distress, sleep disturbance, anxiety/depression and alcohol misuse. Meta-analyses comprising 2895 to 5555 current elite athletes showed that the prevalence of mental health symptoms and disorders ranged from 19% for alcohol misuse to 34% for anxiety/depression. Fifteen relevant original studies about mental health symptoms and disorders among former elite athletes were included: they similarly presented data especially about symptoms of distress, sleep disturbance, anxiety/depression and alcohol misuse. Meta-analyses comprising 1579 to 1686 former elite athletes showed that the prevalence of mental health symptoms and disorders ranged from 16% for distress to 26% for anxiety/depression.ConclusionsOur meta-analyses showed that the prevalence of mental health symptoms and disorders ranged from 19% for alcohol misuse to 34% for anxiety/depression for current elite athletes, and from 16% for distress to 26% for anxiety/depression for former elite athletes.

scholarly journals A longitudinal analysis of cannabis use and mental health symptoms among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men in Vancouver, Canada

2019 ◽  
Vol 247 ◽  
pp. 125-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Y. Chou ◽  
Heather L. Armstrong ◽  
Lu Wang ◽  
Nicanor Bacani ◽  
Nathan J. Lachowsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Mental Health Symptoms ◽  
Health Symptoms ◽  
Sex With Men

scholarly journals Community Violence and Internalizing Mental Health Symptoms in Adolescents: Systematic Review.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Reis Miliauskas ◽  
Daniela Porto Faus ◽  
Valéria Lima da Cruz ◽  
João Gabriel Rega do Nascimento Vallaperde ◽  
Washington Junger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Community Violence ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Contextual Factor ◽  
Mental Health Symptoms ◽  
Health Symptoms ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Purposes: Mental health diseases (MHD) are responsible for 16% of the global burden of disease in adolescents. This review focus on one contextual factor nominated community violence (CV) that can contribute to the development of MHD. Objective: to evaluate the impact of CV on internalizing mental health symptoms (IMHS) in adolescents, to investigate whether different proximity to CV (witness x victim) is associated with different risks and to identify whether gender, age, and race moderate this association. Methods: systematic review of observational studies. Population includes adolescents (10 - 24 years), exposition involves individuals exposed to CV and outcomes consists of IMHS. Selection, extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two research. Results: 2987 works were identified, after selection and extraction it remained 42. Higher exposure to CV were associated positively with IMHS. Being a witnessing is less harmful for mental health than being a victim. Age and race did not appear in the results as modifiers, but masculine gender and family support appear as a protective factor in some studies. Conclusion: This review confirms the positive relationship between CV and IMHS in adolescents and brings relevant information that can direct public efforts to build policies in prevention of both problems.

scholarly journals The Mental Health Under the COVID-19 Crisis in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiyao Chen ◽  
Nusrat Farah ◽  
Rebecca Kechen Dong ◽  
Richard Z Chen ◽  
Wen Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Mental Health Symptoms ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Health Symptoms ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Objective: In this paper, we aim to provide a systematic review and meta-analysis on the prevalence rates of mental health symptoms of anxiety, depression, and insomnia among the major populations during the COVID-19 pandemic in Africa. Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources: We search and include articles using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and medRxiv databases between Feb 202 and Feb 6th, 2021. Eligibility criteria and data analysis: The meta-analysis targets the prevalence rates of mental health symptoms of major populations including frontline/general healthcare workers (HCWs), the general adult population, and medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Africa. To estimate the prevalence rates of anxiety, depression, and insomnia, we pooled data using random-effects meta-analyses. Results: In this meta-analysis, we identify and include 28 studies and 32 independent samples from 12 countries with a total of 15,072 participants in Africa. Ethiopia (7) and Egypt (6) had the largest number of studies. While many countries including, but not limited to, Algeria, Kenya, and Ghana had a high number of COVID-19 cases, as many as three quarters of African countries have no studies. The pooled prevalence of anxiety in 27 studies was 37% (95%CI: 31-43%, I2 = 99.0%) and that of depression in 24 studies was 45% (95%CI: 36-51%, I2 = 99.5%) and that of insomnia in 9 studies was 28% (95%CI: 20-41%, I2 = 99.2%). The pooled prevalence rates of anxiety, depression, and insomnia in North Africa (44%, 55%, and 31%, respectively) are higher than the rates in Sub-Saharan Africa (31%, 30%, and 24%, respectively). Our analysis indicated high heterogeneity and varying prevalence rates of mental health symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in Africa. Discussion: We discuss our findings that a) a scarcity of studies in several African countries with a high number of COVID-19 cases, b) high heterogeneity among the studies, c) the extent of prevalence of mental health symptoms in Africa to be high, and d) the pattern of mental health symptoms in Africa differs from elsewhere, i.e., more African adults suffer from depression rather than anxiety and insomnia during COVID 19 compared to adult population in other countries or regions. Hence, our findings carry crucial implications for healthcare organizations and future research to enable evidence-based medicine in Africa. Our findings also call for increased scholarly attention on Africa, the least studied continent with a limited amount of research on mental health symptoms under the COVID 19 pandemic. Keywords: Mental Health; Prevalence; Pandemic; General Population; Healthcare Workers; Anxiety; Depression; Insomnia Trial registration: CRD42020224458  

Food addiction and associations with mental health symptoms: a systematic review with meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 544-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Burrows ◽  
F. Kay-Lambkin ◽  
K. Pursey ◽  
J. Skinner ◽  
C. Dayas
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Food Addiction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mental Health Symptoms ◽  
Health Symptoms
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