scholarly journals Do School-Level Factors Affect the Health Behaviors of High School Students in Korea?

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 751
Author(s):  
Seon-Hui Kwak ◽  
Hyo-Jin Lee ◽  
Bo-Mi Shin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
School Level ◽  
Vocational Schools ◽  
School Students ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
The Individual

We conducted a multilevel analysis to identify the individual- and school-level factors that affect Korean high school students’ tooth brushing, soda intake, smoking, and high-intensity physical activity. We sampled 27,919 high school students from the 15th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey. The individual-level variables included demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related factors. The school-level variables included school system and school type. Regarding the individual-level factors, economic level and academic performance had a significant effect on health behavior when the demographic variables were adjusted. In the final model, the school-level factors had a significant effect on health behavior. The odds ratio (OR) of brushing less than twice a day in vocational schools compared to general schools was 1.63 (p < 0.001), and the OR of soda intake more than three times a week in vocational schools was 1.33 (p < 0.001). In addition, the OR of smoking in vocational schools was 2.89 (p < 0.001), and the OR of high-intensity physical activity in vocational schools was 0.80 (p < 0.001). Therefore, both individual- and school-level factors affect Korean students’ health behaviors. A school-based comprehensive health promotion strategy should be developed that considers schools’ characteristics to equip all students with health awareness, regardless of socioeconomic status.

Environmental and Behavioral Influences of Physical Activity in Junior High School Students

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 785-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kent A. Lorenz ◽  
Hans van der Mars ◽  
Pamela Hodges Kulinna ◽  
Barbara E. Ainsworth ◽  
Melbourne F. Hovell
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Systematic Observation ◽  
School Students ◽  
Behavioral Support ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual

Background:Increasing access and opportunity for physical activity (PA) in schools are effective; however, not everyone experiences the same effects. Prompting and reinforcement may encourage more frequent participation in recreational PA during the school day. The purpose of this study was to investigate a lunchtime PA intervention on whole school PA participation and whether behavioral support enhanced these effects.Methods:A modified reversal design compared an environmental and an environmental plus behavioral support intervention on lunchtime PA participation versus baseline levels in a suburban junior high school in the western United States (N = 1452). PA and related contextual data were collected using systematic observation.Results:Significantly more girls and boys were observed in PA during the interventions compared with baseline phases (F2,1173 = 13.52, P < .0001, η2 = .023; F2,1173 = 20.14, P < .0001, η2 = .033, for girls and boys, respectively). There were no significant differences between the environmental phase and the environment plus behavioral support phase.Conclusion:Providing access and opportunity significantly increased the number of girls and boys observed in PA during a lunchtime program, with no additive effects of behavioral support. Further research into providing the individual-level contingencies at an institutional level is needed.

A multilevel analysis of change in hatred of academic work during high school: focusing on the sociocultural background of Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minyoung Lee ◽  
Soohyun Cho ◽  
Sang Min Lee
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Test Anxiety ◽  
Autonomy Support ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
School Students ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Multilevel Growth Model

AbstractDevelopment of academic hatred was examined at four time points across 7 months among 1,015 South Korean high school students. A multilevel growth model showed that the baseline of, and change in, academic hatred varied across individuals and classrooms. At the individual level, gender, parents’ academic pressure, depression, and test anxiety were related to the initial level of academic hatred; gender and test anxiety were associated with a decrease in academic hatred over time. At the class level, lower socio-economic status and higher teachers’ autonomy support were associated with a lower baseline of academic hatred, and higher teachers’ autonomy support decreased academic hatred. Influence mechanisms of protective and risk factors on students’ academic hatred can be considered for strategic and policy interventions.

Impact of State Laws Governing Physical Education on Attendance Among US High School Students, 2003 to 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 1144-1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruopeng An ◽  
Mengmeng Ji ◽  
Caitlin Clarke ◽  
Chenghua Guan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
State Laws ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Class Attendance

Purpose: This study assessed the influence of state laws governing physical education (PE) on weekly PE class attendance among US high school students. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: 2003 to 2017 US national Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS). Participants: A total of 533 468 high school students. Measures: Data on state laws governing PE came from National Cancer Institute’s Classification of Laws Associated with School Students (CLASS). Eight distinct state PE policies were scored, with higher scores denoting stronger laws. Analysis: Individual-level YRBS data were merged with CLASS data based on students’ residential state and survey year. State fixed-effect negative binomial regressions were performed, adjusting for individual-level characteristics and YRBS survey design. Results: A 1-score increase in state laws governing PE class time, staffing for PE, joint use agreement for physical activity, assessment of health-related fitness, and PE curriculum was associated with an increase in weekly PE attendance by 0.30, 0.28, 0.22, 0.20, and 0.13 days ( P < .001), respectively. In contrast, a 1-score increase in state laws governing moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity time in PE, PE proficiency, and recess time was associated with a reduction in weekly PE attendance by 0.25, 0.15, and 0.09 days ( P < .001), respectively. The effects of most state PE policies on PE class attendance were larger among girls than boys. Conclusion: State PE policies differentially impacted US high school students’ PE class attendance, with larger effects on female students.

scholarly journals Development of an Intervention Targeting Multiple Health Behaviors Among High School Students: Participatory Design Study Using Heuristic Evaluation and Usability Testing (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrika Müssener ◽  
Kristin Thomas ◽  
Catharina Linderoth ◽  
Marie Löf ◽  
Katarina Åsberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High School ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Usability Testing ◽  
Heuristic Evaluation ◽  
School Students ◽  
Mhealth Intervention

BACKGROUND Mobile electronic platforms provide exciting possibilities for health behavior promotion. For instance, they can promote smoking cessation, moderate alcohol consumption, healthy eating, and physical activity. Young adults in Sweden are proficient in the use of technology, having been exposed to computers, smartphones, and the internet from an early age. However, with the high availability of mobile health (mHealth) interventions of varying quality, it is critical to optimize the usability of mHealth interventions to ensure long-term use of these health promotion interventions. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the usability of an mHealth intervention (LIFE4YOUth) targeting health behaviors among high school students through heuristic evaluation and usability testing. METHODS A preliminary version of the LIFE4YOUth mHealth intervention, which was aimed at promoting healthy eating, physical activity, smoking cessation, and nonrisky drinking among high school students, was developed in early 2019. We completed a total of 15 heuristic evaluations and 5 usability tests to evaluate the usability of the mHealth intervention prototype to improve its functioning, content, and design. RESULTS Heuristic evaluation from a total of 15 experts (10 employees and 5 university students, both women and men, aged 18-25 years) revealed that the major usability problems and the worst ratings, a total of 17 problems termed <i>usability catastrophes</i>, concerned shortcomings in displaying easy-to-understand information to the users or technical errors. The results of the usability testing including 5 high school students (both girls and boys, aged 15-18 years) showed that the design, quality, and quantity of content in the intervention may impact the users’ level of engagement. Poor functionality was considered a major barrier to usability. Of the 5 participants, one rated the LIFE4YOUth intervention as poor, 2 rated as average, and 2 assessed it as good, according to the System Usability Scale. CONCLUSIONS High school students have high expectations of digital products. If an mHealth intervention does not offer optimal functions, they may cease to use it. Optimizing the usability of mHealth interventions is a critical step in the development process. Heuristic evaluation and usability testing in this study provided valuable knowledge about the prototype from a user’s perspective. The findings may lead to the development of similar interventions targeting the high school population.

Virtual Reality Exercise Games for High School Students With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don D. McMahon ◽  
Brenda Barrio ◽  
Amanda K. McMahon ◽  
Kristen Tutt ◽  
Jonah Firestone
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High School ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities ◽  
School Students ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Individual

Individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) are at greater risk of health-related issues due to obesity and lack of physical activity. This study examined using virtual reality (VR) exergaming to increase the physical activity of high school students with IDD. Four students participated in this multiple probe across participants design. Data were collected on each student’s total amount of time engaged in exercise and heart rate. Results indicate that all students increased the duration and intensity of their physical activity when using the VR exercise gaming (exergaming) intervention. The VR exergaming intervention increased the duration and intensity of the students’ exercise sessions. Results are discussed in terms of applying VR and other emerging technologies to support the exercise health needs of the individual in the study.

scholarly journals Development of an Intervention Targeting Multiple Health Behaviors Among High School Students: Participatory Design Study Using Heuristic Evaluation and Usability Testing

10.2196/17999 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. e17999
Author(s):  
Ulrika Müssener ◽  
Kristin Thomas ◽  
Catharina Linderoth ◽  
Marie Löf ◽  
Katarina Åsberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High School ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Usability Testing ◽  
Heuristic Evaluation ◽  
School Students ◽  
Mhealth Intervention

Background Mobile electronic platforms provide exciting possibilities for health behavior promotion. For instance, they can promote smoking cessation, moderate alcohol consumption, healthy eating, and physical activity. Young adults in Sweden are proficient in the use of technology, having been exposed to computers, smartphones, and the internet from an early age. However, with the high availability of mobile health (mHealth) interventions of varying quality, it is critical to optimize the usability of mHealth interventions to ensure long-term use of these health promotion interventions. Objective This study aims to investigate the usability of an mHealth intervention (LIFE4YOUth) targeting health behaviors among high school students through heuristic evaluation and usability testing. Methods A preliminary version of the LIFE4YOUth mHealth intervention, which was aimed at promoting healthy eating, physical activity, smoking cessation, and nonrisky drinking among high school students, was developed in early 2019. We completed a total of 15 heuristic evaluations and 5 usability tests to evaluate the usability of the mHealth intervention prototype to improve its functioning, content, and design. Results Heuristic evaluation from a total of 15 experts (10 employees and 5 university students, both women and men, aged 18-25 years) revealed that the major usability problems and the worst ratings, a total of 17 problems termed usability catastrophes, concerned shortcomings in displaying easy-to-understand information to the users or technical errors. The results of the usability testing including 5 high school students (both girls and boys, aged 15-18 years) showed that the design, quality, and quantity of content in the intervention may impact the users’ level of engagement. Poor functionality was considered a major barrier to usability. Of the 5 participants, one rated the LIFE4YOUth intervention as poor, 2 rated as average, and 2 assessed it as good, according to the System Usability Scale. Conclusions High school students have high expectations of digital products. If an mHealth intervention does not offer optimal functions, they may cease to use it. Optimizing the usability of mHealth interventions is a critical step in the development process. Heuristic evaluation and usability testing in this study provided valuable knowledge about the prototype from a user’s perspective. The findings may lead to the development of similar interventions targeting the high school population.

scholarly journals Junior high school students' perceptions of physical education subjects: An instrument development

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-402
Author(s):  
Mu’arifin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Junior High School Students ◽  
School Level ◽  
Development Research ◽  
School Students

Students' perception of the concept of physical education is one of the determinants of success in learning. Physical activity characteristics that are dominated by physical activity are often perceived as inaccurate, resulting in a low appreciation of it. This study aimed to develop an instrument to measure students' perceptions of the concept of physical education. This research is development research involving 693 junior high school students in Pacitan, Tulungagung, and Kediri districts. To measure the validity of the instrument, the biserial point correlation technique was used with the help of Microsoft Excel, and to measure the reliability of the instrument used the Cronbach Alpha analysis technique with the help of SPSS version 23. The results obtained were the compilation of 71 statements that could be used to measure students' perceptions of the concept of physical education. Teachers can use the results of this development to measure perceptions, especially junior high school students, about the concept of physical education subjects so that teachers can prepare learning materials based on the perception data obtained. This development research only measures perceptions at the junior high school level, it is hoped that further research can involve motivation and implementation of physical education learning at various levels of education.

scholarly journals E-cigarette use among students and e-cigarette specialty retailer presence near schools

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgiana Bostean
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Middle School Students ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
School Level ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
School Students ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Individual Level

Objective. This study examined the association between presence of e-cigarette specialty retailers near schools and e-cigarette use among middle and high school students in Orange County (OC), CA.Methods. The OC subsample of the 2013-2014 California Healthy Kids Survey (N=67,701) was combined with geocoded e-cigarette retailers to determine whether a retailer was present within one-quarter mile of each public school in OC. Multilevel logistic regression models evaluated individual-level and school-level e-cigarette use correlates among middle and high school students.Results. Among middle school students, the presence of an e-cigarette retailer within one-quarter mile of their school predicted lifetime e-cigarette use (OR = 1.70, 95% CI=1.02, 2.83), controlling for confounders but no effect for current use. No significant effect was found for high school students.Conclusions. E-cigarette specialty retailers clustered around schools may be an environmental influence on student e-cigarette experimentation.

scholarly journals Measuring School Climate: Validating the Education Department School Climate Survey in a Sample of Urban Middle and High School Students

AERA Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 233285842094802
Author(s):  
Renee Ryberg ◽  
Sarah Her ◽  
Deborah Temkin ◽  
Rebecca Madill ◽  
Claire Kelley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
School Climate ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Level Structure ◽  
School Level ◽  
School Students ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
State Education ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The U.S

The U.S. Department of Education’s School Climate Survey (EDSCLS) is a free, open-source school climate survey available for any local or state education agency to use to measure three domains of school climate: engagement, safety, and environment. The present study leverages EDSCLS data from 3,416 students from 26 middle and high schools in Washington, DC to confirm the factor structure of the survey using both single-level and multilevel confirmatory factor analyses. At the individual level, our findings paralleled those from the original validation study conducted by the U.S. Department of Education. At the school level, our findings suggested a simpler factor structure for the engagement and environment domains, and could not identify a reasonable well-fitting model for the safety domain. Particularly, as more states are considering school climate measurement for accountability systems, these findings suggest that simply using the individual-level structure may not yield valid measurement.

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