scholarly journals A Common Approach to Geo-Referencing Building Models in Industry Foundation Classes for BIM/GIS Integration

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 362
Author(s):  
Junxiang Zhu ◽  
Peng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Building Information Modeling ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Industry Foundation Classes ◽  
Spatial Reference ◽  
Reference Information ◽  
Building Models ◽  
Digital Twins ◽  
Gis Data ◽  
Gis Integration ◽  
Building Information

Previous geo-referencing approaches for building information modeling (BIM) models can be problematic due to: (a) the different interpretations of the term ‘geo-referencing’, (b) the insufficient consideration of the placement hierarchy of the industry foundation classes (IFCs), and (c) the misunderstanding that a common way to embed spatial reference information for IFC is absent. Therefore, the objective of this study is to (1) clarify the meaning of geo-referencing in the context of BIM/GIS data integration, and (2) develop a common geo-referencing approach for IFC. To achieve the goal, a systematic and thorough investigation into the IFC standard was conducted to assess the geo-referencing capability of IFC. Based on the investigation, a geo-referencing approach was established using IFC entities that are common in different IFC versions, which makes the proposed approach common to IFC. Such a geo-referencing approach supports automatic geo-referencing that would facilitate the use of BIM models in GIS, e.g., for the construction of digital twins.

scholarly journals Towards Effective BIM/GIS Data Integration for Smart City by Integrating Computer Graphics Technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1889
Author(s):  
Junxiang Zhu ◽  
Peng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Computer Graphics ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Data Conversion ◽  
Geography Markup Language ◽  
Building Models ◽  
Digital Twins ◽  
Gis Data ◽  
Building Information

The development of a smart city and digital twin requires the integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), where BIM models are to be integrated into GIS for visualization and/or analysis. However, the intrinsic differences between BIM and GIS have led to enormous problems in BIM-to-GIS data conversion, and the use of City Geography Markup Language (CityGML) has further escalated this issue. This study aims to facilitate the use of BIM models in GIS by proposing using the shapefile format, and a creative approach for converting Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) to shapefile was developed by integrating a computer graphics technique. Thirteen building models were used to validate the proposed method. The result shows that: (1) the IFC-to-shapefile conversion is easier and more flexible to realize than the IFC-to-CityGML conversion, and (2) the computer graphics technique can improve the efficiency and reliability of BIM-to-GIS data conversion. This study can facilitate the use of BIM information in GIS and benefit studies working on digital twins and smart cities where building models are to be processed and integrated in GIS, or any other studies that need to manipulate IFC geometry in depth.

Modelle dienen einem Zweck: Anmerkungen zu standardisierten Formaten für digitale Bauwerksmodelle/Models serve a Purpose: Remarks on Standardized Formats for Digital Building Models

Bauingenieur ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 93 (11) ◽  
pp. 438-446
Author(s):  
W. Huhnt
Keyword(s):  
Building Information Modeling ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Data Dictionary ◽  
Industry Foundation Classes ◽  
Building Models ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Digitale Modelle

Die Nutzung digitaler Modelle in Projekten des Bauwesens ist mit dem Begriff Building Information Modeling (BIM) eng verbunden. Im selben Zusammenhang werden häufig die Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) genannt. Softwarehäuser implementieren gegen diesen Standard und erlauben die Nutzung von Daten über die Grenze eines Softwareproduktes hinaus. In diesem Beitrag wird das den IFC zu Grunde liegende Konzept kritisch hinterfragt. buildingSMART International, die Organisation, die IFC entwickelt, bietet nicht nur IFC. Ein weiteres Angebot ist das buildingSMART Data Dictionary (bSDD). Die Fragestellung dieses Beitrags ist, ob der Zweck des Datentransfers präzisiert werden sollte. Ziel ist ein verlustfreier Datentransfer. Die Vielfalt im Bauwesen muss hierbei ebenso wie die sich ständig ändernden Anforderungen der Anwender unterstützt und berücksichtigt werden. Der Standard selbst sollte keinen Änderungen unterliegen. Hierzu sollte das dem bSDD zu Grunde liegende Konzept ebenso wie sein Datenmodell integraler Bestandteil der Modellierung semantischer Daten werden. Die Trennung von semantischen und geometrischen Daten sollte noch konsequenter erfolgen. Die heute verfügbaren geometrischen Modelle sollten erweitert werden. Die Thesen, die in diesem Beitrag vertreten werden, werden durch prototypische Implementierungen untermauert. Gegenstand der Betrachtungen sind standardisierte digitale Modelle zur Beschreibung von Bauwerken und ihrer Teile.

Smart City and Digital Twins

2021 ◽  
pp. 243-264
Author(s):  
Sara Giaveno
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Building Information Modeling ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
3D City Models ◽  
3D City Model ◽  
Digital Twins ◽  
Building Information ◽  
City Model ◽  
Technical Features

The chapter proposed aims at facing the various implications underlying the smart city concept based on digital twins. The structure of the text is articulated in three main themes: the use of the term “smart city” and the role that technologies had in its definition; the “3D city model” meaning and the integration procedures between BIM (building information modeling) and GIS (geographic information system); the classification of 3D city models by use cases. The chapter can provide researchers with a detailed dissertation aimed at clarifying both the theoretical and technical features belonging to smart city and its related innovative technologies.

scholarly journals BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING (BIM) AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS) DATA COMPATIBILITY FOR CONSTRUCTION PROJECT

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (24) ◽  
pp. 278-289
Author(s):  
Wan Nor Fa’aizah Wan Abdul Basir ◽  
Uznir Ujang ◽  
Zulkepli Majid
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Building Information Modeling ◽  
Construction Project ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Gis Data ◽  
Building Information

Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a technology that focusing on the building element properties to the construction components which cover the interior and exterior building, while Geographic Information System (GIS) describe to the technology that can provide the large-scale information which cover inside and outside buildings (spaces and areas). In construction project application, BIM technology already been used as a worldwide tool while GIS rarely been applied. Each technology contains their own advantages that can be utilized in the construction project application. To bring the best effective approach in construction project, the integration between BIM and GIS technology can be considered. This paper presented an attempt in integrating BIM and GIS by using FME as a data integration platform to solve the limitation of BIM in construction project by using advantages of GIS. Through this research, an investigation of the data exchange during integration process between BIM and GIS will be look up. By using this approach, it is possible to store the BIM and GIS data in one environment. The end results for this paper will cover the method of the data exchange between BIM to GIS and GIS to BIM. Besides that, this paper highlight how GIS can solve the limitation in BIM in construction project.

BIM in der Brandschutzplanung: praxisrelevante Attribute und Klassen/BIM in fire protection planning: attributes and classes relevant to practice

Bauingenieur ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 96 (05) ◽  
pp. 182-190
Author(s):  
Janna Walter ◽  
Tim Obermeier ◽  
Joaquín Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Fire Protection ◽  
Building Information Modeling ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Industry Foundation Classes ◽  
Building Information ◽  
In Fire

Building Information Modeling (BIM) und das offene Datenaustauschformat Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) sollen zukünftig für das Genehmigungsverfahren genutzt werden. Der Brandschutznachweis als Teil des Bauantrags wird bislang noch nicht vollständig in BIM integriert. Neben der unzureichenden Kommunikation und der zu späten Involvierung der Fachdomäne liegen die Gründe unter anderem in der nicht bestehenden Standardisierung und der damit einhergehenden fehlenden Digitalisierung von Prozessen und Informationen der Brandschutzplanung in der BIM-Methodik. Für die Einbindung der Fachdomäne in den BIM-Prozess muss es ein digitales Fachmodell geben, das alle erforderlichen Informationen erfasst. Diese müssen dazu in der IFC-Schnittstelle standardisiert und strukturiert werden, um anschließend einen Austausch zu gewährleisten. Dieser Beitrag zeigt die Möglichkeiten auf, die Brandschutzplanung in das Bauwerksmodell einzubinden. Er fasst die Vorteile und Herausforderungen einer Standardisierung zusammen und stellt ein neu entwickeltes Property Set für die Klassifizierung von Bauprodukten und Bauarten zu ihrem Brandverhalten vor, das in Zukunft zur Auswertung und Prüfung genutzt werden kann.

scholarly journals Using Open BIM and IFC to Enable a Comprehensive Consideration of Building Services within a Whole-Building LCA

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 5644
Author(s):  
Sebastian Theißen ◽  
Jannick Höper ◽  
Jan Drzymalla ◽  
Reinhard Wimmer ◽  
Stanimira Markova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Building Information Modeling ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Life Cycle Assessments ◽  
Data Format ◽  
Industry Foundation Classes ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Machine Readability

Holistic views of all environmental impacts for buildings such as Life Cycle Assessments (LCAs) are rarely performed. Building services are mostly included in this assessment only in a simplified way, which means that their embodied impacts are usually underestimated. Open Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) provide for significantly more efficient and comprehensive LCA performance. This study investigated how building services can be included in an open BIM-integrated whole-building LCA for the first time, identified challenges and showed six solution approaches. Based on the definition of 222 exchange requirements and their mapping with IFC, an example BIM model was modeled before the linking of 7312 BIM objects of building services with LCA data that were analyzed in an LCA tool. The results show that 94.5% of the BIM objects could only be linked by applying one of the six solution approaches. The main problems were due to: (1) modeling by a lack of standardization of attributes of BIM objects; (2) difficult machine readability of the building services LCA datasets as well as a general lack of these; and (3) non-standardized properties of building services and LCA specific dataset information in the IFC data format.

scholarly journals IFC Classification for FOSS HBIM: Open Issues and a Schema Proposal for Cultural Heritage Assets

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 8320
Author(s):  
Filippo Diara ◽  
Fulvio Rinaudo
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Building Information Modeling ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Existing Buildings ◽  
Semantic Classification ◽  
Industry Foundation Classes ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Open Issues ◽  
Aec Industry

The IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) open format has been developed by BuildingSMART and regularized through ISO standards. It has been implemented into a BIM (Building Information Modeling) informative system for the AEC industry (Architecture Engineering and Construction). The IFC format has changed interoperability processes concerning architectural and technical entities in a semantic way. However, because this standard open format was specifically designed for the modern AEC industry, it may not cater to the demands of cultural heritage assets. Since IFC classification is fundamental for informative systems, it should become a standard also concerning heritage assets, even if nowadays there is no regularized IFC classification for historical existing buildings. Specific cultural heritage peculiarities therefore need semantic classification based on historical asset families. For this reason, this work is based on a proposal and experimental IFC classification implemented inside an HBIM open source software (FreeCAD), whereby limitations of IFC standards can be overcome thanks to the freedom of access to libraries and codes. Moreover, this work is based on IFC objects management outside the platform for interoperability purposes.

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