scholarly journals Sex-Related Differences in Regional Blood–Brain Barrier Integrity in Non-Demented Elderly Subjects

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 2860
Author(s):  
Yeonsil Moon ◽  
Changmok Lim ◽  
Yeahoon Kim ◽  
Won-Jin Moon
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Occipital Cortex ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Permeability Model ◽  
Assessment Scores ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Group Sex

The role of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) breakdown has been recognized as being important in Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis. We aimed to evaluate whether regional BBB integrity differed according to sex and whether differences in BBB integrity changed as a consequence of aging or cognitive decline, using dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In total, 75 participants with normal cognition (NC) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) underwent cognitive assessments and MRI examination including DCE-MRI. Regional Ktrans was calculated in cortical regions and the Patlak permeability model was used to calculate BBB permeability (Ktrans, min−1). Females had a lower median Ktrans in the cingulate and occipital cortices. In the “older old” group, sex differences in Ktrans were only observed in the occipital cortex. In the MCI group, sex differences in Ktrans were only observed in the occipital cortex. Age was the only predictor of cognitive assessment scores in the male MCI group; however, educational years and Ktrans in the occipital cortex could predict cognitive scores in the female MCI group. Our study revealed that females may have better BBB integrity in cingulate and occipital cortices. We also found that sex-related differences in BBB integrity are attenuated with aging or cognitive decline.

scholarly journals Sex differences in CSF biomarkers for neurodegeneration and blood‐brain barrier integrity

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Skillbäck ◽  
Kaj Blennow ◽  
Henrik Zetterberg ◽  
Sara Shams ◽  
Alejandra Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Csf Biomarkers ◽  
Barrier Integrity ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier Integrity

scholarly journals APOE4 leads to blood–brain barrier dysfunction predicting cognitive decline

Nature ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 581 (7806) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Axel Montagne ◽  
Daniel A. Nation ◽  
Abhay P. Sagare ◽  
Giuseppe Barisano ◽  
Melanie D. Sweeney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Blood Brain

Blood-brain barrier breakdown, neuroinflammation, and cognitive decline in older adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 1640-1650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gene L. Bowman ◽  
Loïc Dayon ◽  
Richard Kirkland ◽  
Jérôme Wojcik ◽  
Gwendoline Peyratout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Barrier Breakdown ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier Breakdown

scholarly journals Hippocampal blood–brain barrier permeability is related to the APOE4 mutation status of elderly individuals without dementia

2020 ◽  
pp. 0271678X2095201
Author(s):  
Won-Jin Moon ◽  
Changmok Lim ◽  
Il Heon Ha ◽  
Yeahoon Kim ◽  
Yeonsil Moon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Imaging Biomarker ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Bbb Permeability

Blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption, modulated by APOE4 mutation, is implicated in the pathogenesis of cognitive decline. We determined whether BBB permeability differed according to cognitive functioning and APOE4 status in elderly subjects without dementia. In this prospective study, 33 subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 33 age-matched controls (normal cognition [NC]) underwent 3 T brain magnetic resonance imaging. The Patlak model was used to calculate tissue permeability (Ktrans). A region-of interest analysis of Ktrans was performed to compare relevant brain regions. Effects of Ktrans on cognitive functioning were evaluated with linear regression analysis adjusted for confounding factors. NC and MCI groups did not differ in terms of vascular risk factors or hippocampal Ktrans, except for hippocampal volume. Hippocampal Ktrans was significantly higher in APOE4 carriers than in non-carriers ( p = 0.007). Factors which predicted cognitive functioning included hippocampal volume (beta=−0.445, standard error [SE]=0.137, p = 0.003) and hippocampal BBB permeability (beta = 0.142, SE = 0.050, p = 0.008) after correcting for age, education, and APOE4 status. This suggests that hippocampal BBB permeability is associated with APOE4 mutation, and may predict cognitive functioning. BBB permeability imaging represents a distinct imaging biomarker for APOE4 mutations in NC and MCI subjects and for determining the degree of APOE4-related pathology.

The Evolution of White Matter Hyperintensities

US Neurology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa G Young ◽  
Jillian J Kril ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Vascular Integrity ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Mri Changes

White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are a common finding on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of elderly subjects. Despite their frequency, the clinical correlates and etiology of WMH remain controversial, with many conflicting results published. This is due, in part, to the varied populations studied. Nevertheless, the prevailing opinion is that these lesions are of vascular origin due to the strong associations with vascular risk factors and stroke. Neuropathological studies have also yielded varied results. Interestingly, while a number of associations with variables such as demyelination and gliosis have been reported, no single pathological variable has been found to account for the MRI changes. The most consistent associations are with reduced vascular integrity and increased blood–brain barrier permeability. Further studies investigating the blood–brain barrier may assist in elucidating the origin of these common abnormalities.

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