scholarly journals Calcium-Deficiency during Pregnancy Affects Insulin Resistance in Offspring

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 7008
Author(s):  
Junji Takaya
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Epigenetic Regulation ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Insulin Resistance Syndrome ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Calcium Deficiency ◽  
Metabolic Phenotypes ◽  
Ca Deficiency ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
Prenatal Malnutrition

Prenatal malnutrition is known to affect the phenotype of the offspring through changes in epigenetic regulation. Growing evidence suggests that epigenetics is one of the mechanisms by which nutrients and minerals affect metabolic traits. Although the perinatal period is the time of highest phenotypic plasticity, which contributes largely to developmental programming, there is evidence of nutritional influence on epigenetic regulation during adulthood. Calcium (Ca) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance syndrome. Cortisol, the most important glucocorticoid, is considered to lead to insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 is a key enzyme that catalyzes the intracellular conversion of cortisone to physiologically active cortisol. This brief review aims to identify the effects of Ca deficiency during pregnancy and/or lactation on insulin resistance in the offspring. Those findings demonstrate that maternal Ca deficiency during pregnancy may affect the epigenetic regulation of gene expression and thereby induce different metabolic phenotypes. We aim to address the need for Ca during pregnancy and propose the scaling-up of clinical and public health approaches that improved pregnancy outcomes.

scholarly journals A Calcium-Deficient Diet in Dams during Gestation Increases Insulin Resistance in Male Offspring

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junji Takaya ◽  
Sohsaku Yamanouchi ◽  
Jiro Kino ◽  
Yuko Tanabe ◽  
Kazunari Kaneko
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Insulin Resistance Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Ca Deficiency ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Deficient Group

Calcium (Ca) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance syndrome. Osteocalcin (OC), a bone formation biomarker, acts directly on β-cells and increases insulin secretion. We determined the effects of Ca deficiency during pregnancy and/or lactation on insulin resistance in offspring. Female Wistar rats consumed either a Ca-deficient or control diet ad libitum from three weeks preconception to 21 days postparturition. Pups were allowed to nurse their original mothers until weaning. The offspring were fed a control diet beginning at weaning and were killed on day 180. Serum carboxylated OC (Gla-OC) and undercarboxylated OC (Glu-OC), insulin and adipokines in offspring were measured. In males, mean levels of insulin, glucose, and HOMA-IR were higher in the Ca-deficient group than in the control group. In addition, ionized Ca (iCa) was inversely associated with serum Glu-OC and adiponectin in males. In females, mean levels of Glu-OC and Gla-OC in the Ca-deficient group were higher than in the control group. In all offspring, serum leptin levels were correlated with serum insulin levels, and inversely correlated with iCa. In conclusion, maternal Ca restriction during pregnancy and/or lactation influences postnatal offspring Ca metabolism and insulin resistance in a sex-specific manner.

HFE genotype and the insulin resistance syndrome among subjects with iron overload

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A565-A565
Author(s):  
J TALWALKAR ◽  
H TORGERSON ◽  
D BRANDHAGEN
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Iron Overload ◽  
Insulin Resistance Syndrome

Features of insulin-resistance syndrome in men from French Caribbean Islands. The Telecom Study

Diabetes ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 1385-1389 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fontbonne ◽  
L. Papoz ◽  
E. Eschwege ◽  
M. Roger ◽  
M. Saint-Paul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Resistance Syndrome ◽  
French Caribbean ◽  
Caribbean Islands

scholarly journals Silicon attenuates calcium deficiency by increasing ascorbic acid content, growth and quality of cabbage leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalila Lopes da Silva ◽  
Renato de Mello Prado ◽  
Luis Felipe Lata Tenesaca ◽  
José Lucas Farias da Silva ◽  
Ben-Hur Mattiuz
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Calcium Deficiency ◽  
Ca Deficiency ◽  
Leaf Water Loss ◽  
Nutrient Solutions

AbstractCalcium (Ca) deficiency in cabbage plants induces oxidative damage, hampering growth and decreasing quality, however, it is hypothesized that silicon (Si) added to the nutrient solution may alleviate crop losses. Therefore, this study aims at evaluating whether silicon supplied in the nutrient solution reduces, in fact, the calcium deficiency effects on cabbage plants. In a greenhouse, cabbage plants were grown using nutrient solutions with Ca sufficiency and Ca deficiency (5 mM) without and with added silicon (2.5 mM), arranged as a 2 × 2 factorial in randomized blocks, with five replications. At 91 days after transplanting, the plants were harvested for biological evaluations. In the treatment without added Si, Ca deficiency promoted oxidative stress, low antioxidant content, decreased dry matter, and lower quality leaf. On the other hand, added Si attenuated Ca deficiency in cabbage by decreasing cell extravasation while increasing both ascorbic acid content and fresh and dry matter, providing firmer leaves due to diminished leaf water loss after harvesting. We highlighted the agronomic importance of Si added to the nutrient solution, especially in crops at risk of Ca deficiency.

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