scholarly journals Cell-Free DNA in Rheumatoid Arthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 8941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teppei Hashimoto ◽  
Kohsuke Yoshida ◽  
Akira Hashiramoto ◽  
Kiyoshi Matsui
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Diagnostic Marker ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Extracellular Dna ◽  
Autoimmune Arthritis ◽  
Cell Free Dna ◽  
Free Dna ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Treatment Responses ◽  
Prediction Of Prognosis

Endogenous DNA derived from the nuclei or mitochondria is released into the bloodstream following cell damage or death. Extracellular DNA, called cell-free DNA (cfDNA), is associated with various pathological conditions. Recently, multiple aspects of cfDNA have been assessed, including cfDNA levels, integrity, methylation, and mutations. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common form of autoimmune arthritis, and treatment of RA has highly varied outcomes. cfDNA in patients with RA is elevated in peripheral blood and synovial fluid and is associated with disease activity. Profiling of cfDNA in patients with RA may then be utilized in various aspects of clinical practice, such as the prediction of prognosis and treatment responses; monitoring disease state; and as a diagnostic marker. In this review, we discuss cfDNA in patients with RA, particularly the sources of cfDNA and the correlation of cfDNA with RA pathogenesis. We also highlight the potential of analyzing cfDNA profiles to guide individualized treatment approaches for RA.

scholarly journals Decreased serum cell-free DNA levels in rheumatoid arthritis

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Dunaeva ◽  
Bastiaan C. Buddingh’ ◽  
René E. M. Toes ◽  
Jolanda J. Luime ◽  
Erik Lubberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Cell Free Dna ◽  
Free Dna

scholarly journals FP584PERITONEAL CELL-FREE DNA: AN INNOVATIVE METHOD FOR DETERMINING ACUTE CELL DAMAGE IN PERITONEAL MEMBRANE AND FOR MONITORING THE RECOVERY PROCESS AFTER PERITONITIS

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (suppl_3) ◽  
pp. iii268-iii268
Author(s):  
Grazia Maria Virzì ◽  
Sabrina Milan ◽  
Alessandra Brocca ◽  
Massimo de Cal ◽  
Ilaria Tantillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Damage ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Peritoneal Membrane ◽  
Cell Free Dna ◽  
Free Dna ◽  
Innovative Method

scholarly journals Neutrophil-Extracellular Traps, Cell-Free DNA, and Immunothrombosis in Companion Animals: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Goggs ◽  
Unity Jeffery ◽  
Dana N. LeVine ◽  
Ronald H. L. Li
Keyword(s):  
Companion Animals ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Extracellular Dna ◽  
Death Process ◽  
Cell Free Dna ◽  
Pathogen Invasion ◽  
Extracellular Traps ◽  
Trap Formation ◽  
Free Dna ◽  
Extracellular Trap

Immunothrombosis is a potentially beneficial physiological process that aids innate immunity and host defense against pathogen invasion. However, this process can also be damaging when it occurs to excess or in critical blood vessels. Formation of extracellular traps by leukocytes, particularly neutrophils, is central to our understanding of immunothrombosis. In addition to degranulation and phagocytosis, extracellular traps are the third mechanism by which neutrophils combat potential pathogens. These traps consist of extracellular DNA decorated with bactericidal cellular proteins, including elastase, myeloperoxidase, and cathepsins. Neutrophils can release these structures as part of a controlled cell-death process or via a process termed vital NETosis that enables the cells to extrude DNA but remain viable. There is accumulating evidence that NETosis occurs in companion animals, including dogs, horses, and cats, and that it actively contributes to pathogenesis. Numerous studies have been published detailing various methods for identification and quantification of extracellular trap formation, including cell-free DNA, measurements of histones and proteins such as high-mobility group box–1, and techniques involving microscopy and flow cytometry. Here, we outline the present understanding of these phenomena and the mechanisms of extracellular trap formation. We critically review the data regarding measurement of NETosis in companion animals, summarize the existing literature on NETosis in veterinary species, and speculate on what therapeutic options these insights might present to clinicians in the future.

scholarly journals Quantification of plasma cell-free DNA levels in dogs with various tumors

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 836-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michihito Tagawa ◽  
Genya Shimbo ◽  
Hisashi Inokuma ◽  
Kazuro Miyahara
Keyword(s):  
Disease Progression ◽  
Distant Metastasis ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Extracellular Dna ◽  
Dna Integrity ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cell Free Dna ◽  
Free Dna ◽  
Integrity Index

Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is extracellular DNA released into the bloodstream by apoptotic or necrotic tumor cells, with cfDNA determination proposed as a noninvasive, sensitive marker for the diagnosis of human cancer. We evaluated cfDNA quantification as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in dogs with various tumors. We quantified plasma cfDNA concentration by absolute real-time PCR of long interspersed nuclear elements in 50 dogs with malignant tumors, 13 dogs with benign tumors or nodules, and 11 healthy controls. Six patients with malignant tumors were followed-up, and plasma cfDNA was quantified throughout disease progression. We found that plasma cfDNA concentrations were significantly elevated in dogs with malignant tumors compared with dogs with benign nodules or healthy controls. The DNA integrity index (the ratio between long and short cfDNA fragments) was significantly lower in dogs with malignant tumors compared to healthy controls. Significantly higher cfDNA levels and a lower DNA integrity index were observed in dogs with lymphoma or leukemia, hemangiosarcoma, and distant metastasis; cfDNA levels correlated well with clinical stage and tended to increase during or before periods of disease progression, suggesting potential efficacy of cfDNA for the detection of distant metastasis and to monitor the clinical stage of neoplasia.

Peritoneal Cell-free DNA: an innovative method for determining acute cell damage in peritoneal membrane and for monitoring the recovery process after peritonitis

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grazia Maria Virzì ◽  
Sabrina Milan Manani ◽  
Alessandra Brocca ◽  
Vincenzo Cantaluppi ◽  
Massimo de Cal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Damage ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Peritoneal Cell ◽  
Peritoneal Membrane ◽  
Cell Free Dna ◽  
Free Dna ◽  
Innovative Method

scholarly journals Circulating Cell Free DNA as the Diagnostic Marker for Ovarian Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e0155495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Zhou ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Bingjie Leng ◽  
Wenfei Zheng ◽  
Ze He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Diagnostic Marker ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cell Free Dna ◽  
Free Dna ◽  
Circulating Cell Free Dna

scholarly journals Increased Concentrations of Antibody-Bound Circulatory Cell-Free DNA in Rheumatoid Arthritis

2007 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 1609-1614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Yan Zhong ◽  
Ines von Mühlenen ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Anjeung Kang ◽  
Anurag Kumar Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cell Free Dna ◽  
Free Dna ◽  
New Evidence

Abstract Background: Increased concentrations of cell-free DNA have been found in several disorders and have been interpreted as evidence of increased rates of cell death or turnover. Evidence from in vitro and animal experiments suggests that DNA may play a role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: We measured cell-free DNA in plasma and serum from patients with RA and healthy controls by use of quantitative PCR for glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) DNA. We used protein G Sepharose™ bead adsorption of plasma and elution to isolate antibody-bound DNA. Results: In paired plasma and serum samples of 16 healthy controls the median GAPDH copies were 4500 genome equivalents (GE)/mL plasma (range 319–21 000) and in 26 RA patients 17 000 GE/mL plasma (2100–2 375 000, P = 0.0001). In the serum from normal controls the median GAPDH copies were 35 000 GE/mL (1700–239 000) and from RA patients 222 000 GE/mL (21 000–2 375 000, P = 0.004). A median of 81% of the cell-free DNA in RA was associated with antibody compared with 9% in healthy controls (P = 0.001). The concentrations of DNA did not vary with the type of therapy patients received. Conclusions: These results provide new evidence for a role of cell-free DNA-antibody complexes in the etiology of RA, suggest new avenues for basic research, and may prove to be relevant to diagnosis and assessment of therapy.

scholarly journals Properties and Application of Cell-Free DNA as a Clinical Biomarker

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (17) ◽  
pp. 9110
Author(s):  
Felipe Silva de Miranda ◽  
Valério Garrone Barauna ◽  
Leandro dos Santos ◽  
Gustavo Costa ◽  
Paula Frizera Vassallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Endothelial Damage ◽  
Extracellular Dna ◽  
Release Mechanism ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Cell Free Dna ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
Free Dna ◽  
Clinical Biomarker

Biomarkers are valuable tools in clinical practice. In 2001, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) standardized the definition of a biomarker as a characteristic that is objectively measured and evaluated as an indicator of normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacological responses to a therapeutic intervention. A biomarker has clinical relevance when it presents precision, standardization and reproducibility, suitability to the patient, straightforward interpretation by clinicians, and high sensitivity and/or specificity by the parameter it proposes to identify. Thus, serum biomarkers should have advantages related to the simplicity of the procedures and to the fact that venous blood collection is commonplace in clinical practice. We described the potentiality of cfDNA as a general clinical biomarker and focused on endothelial dysfunction. Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) refers to extracellular DNA present in body fluid that may be derived from both normal and diseased cells. An increasing number of studies demonstrate the potential use of cfDNA as a noninvasive biomarker to determine physiologic and pathologic conditions. However, although still scarce, increasing evidence has been reported regarding using cfDNA in cardiovascular diseases. Here, we have reviewed the history of cfDNA, its source, molecular features, and release mechanism. We also show recent studies that have investigated cfDNA as a possible marker of endothelial damage in clinical settings. In the cardiovascular system, the studies are quite new, and although interesting, stronger evidence is still needed. However, some drawbacks in cfDNA methodologies should be overcome before its recommendation as a biomarker in the clinical setting.

Evaluation of cell-free DNA as a diagnostic marker in cerebrospinal fluid of dogs

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 416-421
Author(s):  
Amy C. Stark ◽  
Stephanie McGrath ◽  
Marta Karn ◽  
Christine E. Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Diagnostic Marker ◽  
Cell Free Dna ◽  
Free Dna
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