scholarly journals Modelling User Preference for Embodied Artificial Intelligence and Appearance in Realistic Humanoid Robots

Informatics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Carl Strathearn ◽  
Minhua Ma
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Test Group ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Humanoid Robots ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
User Preference ◽  
Care For The Elderly ◽  
Skin Response ◽  
Human Likeness ◽  
And Gender

Realistic humanoid robots (RHRs) with embodied artificial intelligence (EAI) have numerous applications in society as the human face is the most natural interface for communication and the human body the most effective form for traversing the manmade areas of the planet. Thus, developing RHRs with high degrees of human-likeness provides a life-like vessel for humans to physically and naturally interact with technology in a manner insurmountable to any other form of non-biological human emulation. This study outlines a human–robot interaction (HRI) experiment employing two automated RHRs with a contrasting appearance and personality. The selective sample group employed in this study is composed of 20 individuals, categorised by age and gender for a diverse statistical analysis. Galvanic skin response, facial expression analysis, and AI analytics permitted cross-analysis of biometric and AI data with participant testimonies to reify the results. This study concludes that younger test subjects preferred HRI with a younger-looking RHR and the more senior age group with an older looking RHR. Moreover, the female test group preferred HRI with an RHR with a younger appearance and male subjects with an older looking RHR. This research is useful for modelling the appearance and personality of RHRs with EAI for specific jobs such as care for the elderly and social companions for the young, isolated, and vulnerable.

Embodiment and Gender

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Humanoid Robots ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Family Structures ◽  
Situational Influences ◽  
Learned Behaviors ◽  
Femininity And Masculinity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Individual Choices

In humans and humanoid robots alike, gender—femininity and masculinity—constitutes an array of learned behaviors that are cosmetically and sartorially enabled and enhanced. In humans, these behaviors are both socially and historically shaped, but they are also contingent upon many situational influences, including individual choices. Chapter 4 explores the gender dynamics informing the design and embodiment of artificial intelligence (AI) and robots, especially humanoids. It is argued that advanced technology does not necessarily promote social progress but rather, as in this case, is deployed to reinforce conservative models of gender roles and family structures.

Trust and Approachability Mediate Social Decision Making in Human-Robot Interaction

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 704-708
Author(s):  
Stephanie Tulk ◽  
Eva Wiese
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Ultimatum Game ◽  
Humanoid Robots ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Trust Game ◽  
Social Decision ◽  
Economic Decisions ◽  
Social Decisions ◽  
Human Likeness ◽  
Social Decision Making

As humanoid robots become more advanced and commonplace, the average user may perceive their robotic companion as human-like entities that can make social decisions, such as the deliberate choice to act fairly or selfishly. It is important for scientists and designers to consider how this will affect our interactions with social robots. The current paper explores how social decision making with humanoid robots changes as the degree of their human-likeness changes. For that purpose, we created a spectrum of human-like agents via morphing that ranged from very robot-like to very human-like in physical appearance (i.e., in increments of 20%) and measured how this change in physical humanness affected decision-making in two economic games: the Ultimatum Game (Experiment 1) and Trust Game (Experiment 2). We expected increases in human-like appearance to lead to higher rates of punishment for unfair offers and higher ratings of trust in both games. While physical humanness did not have an impact on economic decisions in either of the ex-periments, follow-up analyses showed that both subjective ratings of trust and agent approachability medi-ated the effect of agent appearance on decision-making in both experiments. Possible consequences of these findings for human-robot interactions are discussed.

scholarly journals A review of mobile robots: Concepts, methods, theoretical framework, and applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 172988141983959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Rubio ◽  
Francisco Valero ◽  
Carlos Llopis-Albert
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Mobile Robots ◽  
Robot Vision ◽  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
Humanoid Robots ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Service Robotics ◽  
Wheeled Mobile Robots ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Human Robot Interfaces

Humanoid robots, unmanned rovers, entertainment pets, drones, and so on are great examples of mobile robots. They can be distinguished from other robots by their ability to move autonomously, with enough intelligence to react and make decisions based on the perception they receive from the environment. Mobile robots must have some source of input data, some way of decoding that input, and a way of taking actions (including its own motion) to respond to a changing world. The need to sense and adapt to an unknown environment requires a powerful cognition system. Nowadays, there are mobile robots that can walk, run, jump, and so on like their biological counterparts. Several fields of robotics have arisen, such as wheeled mobile robots, legged robots, flying robots, robot vision, artificial intelligence, and so on, which involve different technological areas such as mechanics, electronics, and computer science. In this article, the world of mobile robots is explored including the new trends. These new trends are led by artificial intelligence, autonomous driving, network communication, cooperative work, nanorobotics, friendly human–robot interfaces, safe human–robot interaction, and emotion expression and perception. Furthermore, these news trends are applied to different fields such as medicine, health care, sports, ergonomics, industry, distribution of goods, and service robotics. These tendencies will keep going their evolution in the coming years.

scholarly journals Family and Gender among American Muslims

2000 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 126-128
Author(s):  
Juliane Hammer
Keyword(s):  
Religious Identity ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
American Muslims ◽  
Role Conflicts ◽  
Care For The Elderly ◽  
Women's Lives ◽  
And Gender

Family and Gender among American Muslims presents a multitude of theoreticaland empirical discussions about the issues of family and gender in variousAmerican Muslim communities.Divided into three main sections, the first section, "Values, Structure, andVariations in Muslim Families" presents articles based on empirical researchon issues such as the role of women in an Iranian ethnic economy, the selfevaluationof Palestinian women's lives, the issue of mut'a-marriage amongLebanese Shi'as, and the problems of South Asian Muslim families in theUnited States. The second section, "Practical Issues for Families,'' providesinsight into health issues, the work of an Arab-American community center,care for the elderly and problems of second-generation Arabs with marriageand role conflicts. The third section presents an interesting account of fiveMuslim immigrants, as narrated by them.The book is an insightful introduction into some of the problems faced byAmerican Mu Jim immigrants and their children on a daily basis. The questionsof how to preserve an ethnic and religious identity in a society that hasdifferent values and mies is central to the lives of these American Muslims. Itis a recurring theme running throughout most articles and illustrated in differentways. Some of the authors highlight problems and make recommendationsto parents, community leaders, teachers, and social workers on how to solvethese problems.The first article by Yvonne Y. Haddad and Jane I. Smith gives an overviewof the important topics concerning Islamic values and the questions of gender,such as dating, marriage, women and work, birth control, raising of children,and the observation of American holidays. The authors present a realistic ...

scholarly journals Gender and Welfare Regimes Revised - Connecting Danish and Chinese Perspectives

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Abrahamson
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Welfare Regimes ◽  
Care For The Elderly ◽  
Care And Support ◽  
Working Age ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Demographic Patterns ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
Party State

China and Denmark could hardly be more different cases for comparison: a huge developing one-party state set against a small post-industrial plural state. Despite these significant and categorical differences, however, both states are faced with similar challenges when it comes to changing demographic patterns, with more elderly persons in need of both care and support, coupled with smaller working-age populations to deliver that care and support. Mapping and comparing the combinations of welfare regarding care for the elderly in China and Denmark reveals serious inequalities of class, gender and generation. Both states are in principle fully committed to the wellbeing of all citizens through universal welfare state protection, but in reality both rely very much on market and civil society solutions, which leaves the population strongly differentiated and polarized, not only when it comes to gender and generation, but also with respect to class. The conclusion is that Denmark and China are converging towards a model of welfare combinations set within an overall framework of universalism. The most important lines of conflict revolve around generation, though class and gender also remain influential.

DSM-5 alcohol use disorder features among treatment-seeking older adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 185-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silke Behrendt ◽  
Barbara Braun ◽  
Randi Bilberg ◽  
Gerhard Bühringer ◽  
Michael Bogenschutz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Treatment Seeking ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
And Gender ◽  
International Multicenter

Abstract. Background: The number of older adults with alcohol use disorder (AUD) is expected to rise. Adapted treatments for this group are lacking and information on AUD features in treatment seeking older adults is scarce. The international multicenter randomized-controlled clinical trial “ELDERLY-Study” with few exclusion criteria was conducted to investigate two outpatient AUD-treatments for adults aged 60+ with DSM-5 AUD. Aims: To add to 1) basic methodological information on the ELDERLY-Study by providing information on AUD features in ELDERLY-participants taking into account country and gender, and 2) knowledge on AUD features in older adults seeking outpatient treatment. Methods: baseline data from the German and Danish ELDERLY-sites (n=544) were used. AUD diagnoses were obtained with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, alcohol use information with Form 90. Results: Lost control, desired control, mental/physical problem, and craving were the most prevalent (> 70 %) AUD-symptoms. 54.9 % reported severe DSM-5 AUD (moderate: 28.2 %, mild: 16.9 %). Mean daily alcohol use was 6.3 drinks at 12 grams ethanol each. 93.9 % reported binging. More intense alcohol use was associated with greater AUD-severity and male gender. Country effects showed for alcohol use and AUD-severity. Conclusion: European ELDERLY-participants presented typical dependence symptoms, a wide range of severity, and intense alcohol use. This may underline the clinical significance of AUD in treatment-seeking seniors.

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