scholarly journals Using Mobiles to Monitor Respiratory Diseases

Informatics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Fatma Zubaydi ◽  
Assim Sagahyroon ◽  
Fadi Aloul ◽  
Hasan Mir ◽  
Bassam Mahboub
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Application ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Air Flow Rate ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Using Data

In this work, a mobile application is developed to assist patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or Asthma that will reduce the dependency on hospital and clinic based tests and enable users to better manage their disease through increased self-involvement. Due to the pervasiveness of smartphones, it is proposed to make use of their built-in sensors and ever increasing computational capabilities to provide patients with a mobile-based spirometer capable of diagnosing COPD or asthma in a reliable and cost effective manner. Data collected using an experimental setup consisting of an airflow source, an anemometer, and a smartphone is used to develop a mathematical model that relates exhalation frequency to air flow rate. This model allows for the computation of two key parameters known as forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) that are used in the diagnosis of respiratory diseases. The developed platform has been validated using data collected from 25 subjects with various conditions. Results show that an excellent match is achieved between the FVC and FEV1 values computed using a clinical spirometer and those returned by the model embedded in the mobile application.

scholarly journals β2-Adrenergic genotypes and risk of severe exacerbations in COPD: a prospective cohort study

Thorax ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 934-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Truls Sylvan Ingebrigtsen ◽  
Jørgen Vestbo ◽  
Line Rode ◽  
Jacob Louis Marott ◽  
Peter Lange ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
General Population Study ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Acute Admissions

BackgroundIndividual susceptibility to exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is likely influenced by genetic factors; however, most such variance is unexplained. We hypothesised that β2-adrenergic receptor genotypes, Gly16Arg (rs1042713, c.46G>A) and Gln27Glu (rs1042714, c.79C>G) influence risk of severe exacerbations in COPD.MethodsAmong 96 762 individuals in the Copenhagen General Population Study, we identified 5262 with COPD (forced expiratory volume in one second divided by forced vital capacity, FEV1/FVC, below 0.7, FEV1 less than 80% of predicted value, age above 40 years and no asthma) who had genotyping performed. Severe exacerbations were defined as acute admissions due to COPD during 5 years of follow-up (mean 3.4 years). 923 individuals with COPD diagnosed similarly in the Copenhagen City Heart Study (CCHS) were used for replication analyses.ResultsWe recorded 461 severe exacerbations in 5262 subjects. The HRs for severe exacerbations were 1.62 (95% CI 1.30 to 2.03, p=0.00002) for 16Gly/Arg heterozygotes and 1.41 (1.04 to 1.91, p=0.03) for 16Arg homozygotes, compared with 16Gly homozygotes. HRs were 1.35 (1.03 to 1.76, p=0.03) for 27Gln/Glu heterozygotes and 1.49 (1.12 to 1.98, p=0.006) for 27Gln homozygotes, compared with 27Glu homozygotes. Similar trends were observed in the CCHS. Among 27Gln homozygotes only, HRs were 5.20 (1.81 to 14.9, p=0.002) for 16Gly/Arg heterozygotes and 4.03 (1.40 to 11.6, p=0.01) for 16Arg homozygotes, compared with 16Gly homozygotes.ConclusionCommon β2-adrenergic receptor genotypes influence risk of severe exacerbations in COPD, potentially mainly by genetic influence of the 16Arg allele in rs1042713.

Never-smokers with occupational COPD have better exercise capacities and ventilatory efficiency than matched smokers with COPD

2020 ◽  
Vol 129 (6) ◽  
pp. 1257-1266
Author(s):  
Thibaud Soumagne ◽  
Alicia Guillien ◽  
Nicolas Roche ◽  
Jean-Charles Dalphin ◽  
Bruno Degano
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Exertional Dyspnea ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Ventilatory Efficiency ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
Occupational Copd ◽  
Lower Limit Of Normal

It is unknown whether or not never-smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) behave like their smoking counterparts during exercise. This is the first study showing that never-smokers with mild to moderate COPD [defined by a postbronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) < lower limit of normal] have preserved exercise capacities. They also have lower exertional dyspnea than patients with smoking-related COPD. This suggests that the two COPD groups should not be managed in the same way.

scholarly journals Prevalence of COPD among women and relation with cooking fuel choice in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 928-933
Author(s):  
A. Sana ◽  
N. Meda ◽  
B. Kafando ◽  
G. Badoum ◽  
C. Bouland
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Bronchitis ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Test Result ◽  
Urgent Action

BACKGROUND: According to the WHO, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) will become the third leading cause of death by 2030. In sub-Saharan Africa, the burden of the disease is unknown. We assessed the prevalence and the factors associated with COPD and chronic bronchitis among women in charge of household cooking.METHODS: A cross-sectional population survey was conducted. We randomly selected women aged ≥18 years in charge of cooking in their household. COPD was defined as post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC (forced expiratory volume in 1 sec/forced vital capacity) ratio of <0.70; chronic bronchitis was defined as cough with sputum of at least 3 months in the year for at least 2 consecutive years.RESULTS: Of the 1705 women interviewed, 835 were selected to perform spirometry and 564 provided an acceptable test result. The prevalence of COPD was 1.1% and that of chronic bronchitis was 1.2%. COPD prevalence was higher among women using biomass, women aged >40 years, those had been cooking or had been exposed to toxic gases for more than 30 years. After adjustment, only biomass fuel use and exposure to toxic products were found to be associated with COPD.CONCLUSION: Urgent action is need to accelerate the transition to the other sources of energy.

scholarly journals Exclusion Spirometry: A Good Idea

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-186
Author(s):  
Nick R. Anthonise
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

In this issue of theCanadian Respiratory Journal, Almirall and Bégin (pages 195 to 196) make a suggestion aimed at increasing the use of spirometry by primary care physicians, as well as family and general practitioners. The idea is that spirometry should be performed not necessarily to make specific diagnoses, but to rule in or out the possibility of a number of lung diseases, most notably, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). If the patient demonstrates normal forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 s, then he or she does not have COPD; if the results are not normal, then COPD is a possibility that can be further investigated.

scholarly journals Right heart haemodynamic values and respiratory function test parameters in chronic smokers

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 90-95
Author(s):  
M. Gulbaran ◽  
T. Cagatay ◽  
T. Gurmen ◽  
P. Cagatay
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Respiratory Function Tests ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
The Right

During coronary angiography in 24 chronic smokers with coronary heart disease, cardiac function measurements were taken and correlated with respiratory function tests. Fourteen patients had evidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cardiac output had a direct correlation with vital capacity, forced vital capacity [FVC], forced expiratory volume in 1 s [FEV1], and velocity at 25% of FVC [V [max] 25]. Pulmonary artery resistance was inversely correlated with FEV1/FVC, while pulmonary artery oxygen saturation weakly correlated with FEV1 and V [max] 25. The pulmonary artery pressure had a weak correlation with the pulmonary artery resistance and an intermediate correlation with the right atrium and the right ventricular pressures. Early diagnosis and therapy of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in smokers may be possible without using invasive methods

scholarly journals The characteristics of the frequent exacerbator with chronic bronchitis phenotype and non-exacerbator phenotype in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis and system review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianjun Wu ◽  
Hong-ri Xu ◽  
Ying-xue Zhang ◽  
Yi-xuan Li ◽  
Hui-yong Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Bronchitis ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients

Abstract Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics between the frequent exacerbator with chronic bronchitis (FE-CB) phenotype and the non-exacerbator (NE) phenotype among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: We searched CNKI, Wan fang, Chongqing VIP, China Biology Medicine disc, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE databases for relevant studies published as of April 30, 2019. All studies that investigated COPD patients with the FE-CB and NE phenotypes and which qualified the inclusion criteria were included. Cross-Sectional/Prevalence Study Quality recommendations were used to measure methodological quality. RevMan5.3 software was used for meta-analysis. Results: Ten case-control studies (n=8848) were included. Compared with the NE phenotype, patients with the FE-CB phenotype showed significantly lower forced vital capacity percent predicted (FVC%pred) [mean difference (MD) -6.69, 95% confidence interval (CI) -7.73–-5.65, P<0.001, I2=5%], forced expiratory volume in one second percent predicted (FEV1%pred) (MD -8.50, 95% CI -11.36–-5.65, P<0.001, I2=91%), and forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) (MD -3.76, 95% CI -4.58–-2.95,P<0.001, I2=0%); in contrast, the quantity of cigarettes smoked (pack-years) (MD 3.09, 95% CI 1.60–4.58, P<0.001, I2=41%), COPD assessment test (CAT) score (MD 5.61, 95% CI 4.62–6.60, P<0.001, I2=80%), modified Medical British Research Council (mMRC) score (MD 0.72, 95% CI 0.63–0.82, P<0.001, I2=57%), exacerbations in previous year (2.65, 95% CI 2.32–2.97, P<0.001, I2=91%), body mass index (BMI), obstruction, dyspnea, exacerbations (BODEx) (MD 1.78, 95% CI 1.28–2.28, P<0.001, I2=91%), I2=34%), and Charlson comorbidity index (MD 0.47, 95% CI 0.37–0.58, P<0.001, I2=0] were significantly higher in patients with FE-CB phenotype. No significant between-group difference was observed with respect to BMI (MD-0.14, 95% CI -0.70–0.42, P=0.62, I2=75%). Conclusion: COPD patients with the FE-CB phenotype had poorer pulmonary function and higher CAT score, the quantity of cigarettes smoked (pack-years), frequency of acute exacerbations, and mMRC scores than those with the NE phenotype.

scholarly journals On the functional consequences of bronchial basement membrane thickening

2001 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 1035-1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manlio Milanese ◽  
Emanuele Crimi ◽  
Antonio Scordamaglia ◽  
Annamaria Riccio ◽  
Riccardo Pellegrino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Airway Narrowing ◽  
Perennial Rhinitis

Reticular basement membrane (RBM) thickness and airway responses to inhaled methacholine (MCh) were studied in perennial allergic asthma ( n = 11), perennial allergic rhinitis ( n = 8), seasonal allergic rhinitis ( n = 5), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, n = 9). RBM was significantly thicker in asthma (10.1 ± 3.7 μm) and perennial rhinitis (11.2 ± 4.2 μm) than in seasonal rhinitis (4.7 ± 0.7 μm) and COPD (5.2 ± 0.7 μm). The dose (geometric mean) of MCh causing a 20% decrease of 1-s forced expiratory volume (FEV1) was significantly higher in perennial rhinitis (1,073 μg) than in asthma (106 μg). In COPD, the slope of the linear regression of all values of forced vital capacity plotted against FEV1 during the challenge was higher, and the intercept less, than in other groups, suggesting enhanced airway closure. In asthma, RBM thickness was positively correlated ( r = 0.77) with the dose (geometric mean) of MCh causing a 20% decrease of FEV1 and negatively correlated ( r = −0.73) with the forced vital capacity vs. FEV1 slope. We conclude that 1) RBM thickening is not unique to bronchial asthma, and 2) when present, it may protect against airway narrowing and air trapping. These findings support the opinion that RBM thickening represents an additional load on airway smooth muscle.

scholarly journals Treatment response in COPD: does FEV1 say it all? A post hoc analysis of the CRYSTAL study

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 00243-2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Kostikas ◽  
Timm Greulich ◽  
Alexander J. Mackay ◽  
Nadine S. Lossi ◽  
Maryam Aalamian-Mattheis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Reported Outcomes ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Open Label Study ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Post Hoc

The association between clinically relevant changes in patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has rarely been investigated.Using CRYSTAL, a 12-week open-label study in symptomatic, nonfrequently exacerbating patients with moderate COPD, we assessed at baseline the correlations between several PROs (Baseline Dyspnoea Index, modified Medical Research Council dyspnoea scale, COPD Assessment Test (CAT) and Clinical COPD Questionnaire (CCQ)), and between FEV1 and PROs. Associations between clinically relevant responses in FEV1, CAT, CCQ and Transition Dyspnoea Index (TDI) at week 12 were also assessed.Using data from 4324 patients, a strong correlation was observed between CAT and CCQ (rs=0.793) at baseline, with moderate or weak correlations between other PROs, and no correlation between FEV1 and any PRO. At week 12, 2774 (64.2%) patients were responders regarding TDI, CAT or CCQ, with 583 (13.5%) responding using all three measures. In comparison, 3235 (74.8%) were responders regarding FEV1, TDI, CAT or CCQ, with 307 (7.1%) responding concerning all four parameters.Increases in lung function were accompanied by clinically relevant improvements of PROs in a minority of patients. Our results also suggest that PROs are not interchangeable. Thus, the observed treatment success in a clinical trial may depend on the selected parameters.

scholarly journals Neural respiratory drive and breathlessness in COPD

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline J. Jolley ◽  
Yuanming M. Luo ◽  
Joerg Steier ◽  
Gerrard F. Rafferty ◽  
Michael I. Polkey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Tidal Volume ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Respiratory Drive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that neural respiratory drive, measured using diaphragm electromyogram (EMGdi) activity expressed as a percentage of maximum (EMGdi%max), is closely related to breathlessness in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We also investigated whether neuroventilatory uncoupling contributes significantly to breathlessness intensity over an awareness of levels of neural respiratory drive alone.EMGdi and ventilation were measured continuously during incremental cycle and treadmill exercise in 12 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients (forced expiratory volume in 1 s±sd was 38.7±14.5 % pred). EMGdi was expressed both as EMGdi%max and relative to tidal volume expressed as a percentage of predicted vital capacity to quantify neuroventilatory uncoupling.EMGdi%max was closely related to Borg breathlessness in both cycle (r=0.98, p=0.0001) and treadmill exercise (r=0.94, p=0.005), this relationship being similar to that between neuroventilatory uncoupling and breathlessness (cycling r=0.94, p=0.005; treadmill r=0.91, p=0.01). The relationship between breathlessness and ventilation was poor when expansion of tidal volume became limited.In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease the intensity of exertional breathlessness is closely related to EMGdi%max. These data suggest that breathlessness in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease can be largely explained by an awareness of levels of neural respiratory drive, rather than the degree of neuroventilatory uncoupling. EMGdi%max could provide a useful physiological biomarker for breathlessness in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

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