scholarly journals Mating Disruption of the Olive Moth Prays oleae (Bernard) in Olive Groves Using Aerosol Dispensers

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1113
Author(s):  
Antonio Ortiz ◽  
Andrés Porras ◽  
Jordi Marti ◽  
Antonio Tudela ◽  
Álvaro Rodríguez-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mating Disruption ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Prays Oleae ◽  
The Third ◽  
Olive Groves ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fruit Damage ◽  
Trap Catches ◽  
Number Of Males

The olive moth (OM), Prays oleae (Bern.) (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae), is a major olive grove pest worldwide; however, until now, very few studies have investigated the effectiveness of mating disruption (MD) techniques against this pest. Experiments were carried out for two successive years (2019 and 2020) in three different olive groves in Andalucía (Southern Spain) to evaluate mating disruption’s efficacy in controlling the OM from the first to the third generation. The effectiveness of MD formulations against the three generations of OM was assessed by determining the percentage of infested olive fruits, the reduction of pheromone trap catches, and the number of affected inflorescences in both MD-treated and untreated control olive groves. The number of release points (one or two aerosol devices per ha) was also evaluated. In all years and trials, the mean number of males caught in traps placed in the MD-treated plots was significantly lower than untreated sites. Mating disruption registered a high suppression of male captures (>75%) in treated plots for two consecutive seasons. Concerning infested olive fruits, substantial reductions (about 80%) were observed in the MD plots of locations B and C, and a reduction of about 40% was detected in location A, compared to the control plot. Results showed that the installation of two aerosol devices/ha reduced fruit damage below 20% of infested olive fruits except for one site where a reduction of about 71% in the MD plot was recorded in 2019. Although few significant differences were associated with OM male catches and infested olive fruits between plots treated with one aerosol/ha and two aerosols/ha in most of the comparisons, significant differences in the number of olive inflorescences infested by P. oleae were found, suggesting a similar performance between the two tested aerosol densities. Results of two-year field trials in Andalucía demonstrated the potential of Mister P X841 aerosol devices as an effective tool for controlling the olive moth, P. oleae.

scholarly journals A potential mating disruption system for three New Zealand leafroller species

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 398-398
Author(s):  
L.M. Cole ◽  
J.T.S. Walker ◽  
A.M. El-Sayed ◽  
P.L. Lo ◽  
N. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Mating Disruption ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Fruit Damage ◽  
Multiple Species ◽  
Lightbrown Apple Moth ◽  
Trap Catches ◽  
Pheromone Blend

A dispenser incorporating a pheromone blend to disrupt three species of New Zealand leafrollers was developed for their control in Otago summerfruit orchards This control system was evaluated for suppression of leafroller activity in Hawkes Bay apple and summerfruit orchards over 2 years In 20078 dispensers were applied at 6001000/ha in two large organic apple orchards and activity of all three species in pheromone traps was recorded Dispensers achieved only 738 and 61 shutdown of lightbrown apple moth pheromone traps in Orchards A and B respectively Dispensers were modified to increase disruption of this species and were evaluated in similar trials on the same orchards in 20089 and achieved 984 and 909 trap shutdown respectively The same dispenser was also evaluated on four summerfruit orchards where it was applied to 1 ha plots in January 2009 at 1000 dispensers/ha Pheromone trap catches of lightbrown apple moth were reduced by 833100 over the following 3 months Further assessment of this multiple species mating disruption system is required to determine its value in managing the fruit damage and larval infestation risks to meet export market tolerances

scholarly journals Can Mating Disruption Be a Possible Route to Control Plum Fruit Moth in Mediterranean Environments?

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 589
Author(s):  
Gabriella Lo Verde ◽  
Salvatore Guarino ◽  
Stefano Barone ◽  
Roberto Rizzo
Keyword(s):  
Mating Disruption ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Infestation Level ◽  
Essential Factor ◽  
Field Exposure ◽  
Pheromone Emission ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Number Of Males

Control of the plum fruit moth, Grapholita funebrana Treitschke (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), has been mainly based on the use of chemical insecticides, which can cause undesirable side effects, leading to a growing interest towards alternative sustainable strategies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the mating disruption technique on G. funebrana infestation in plum orchards, by comparing the number of male captures in pheromone-baited traps, and evaluating the damage to fruits in plots treated with the pheromone dispersers and in control plots. The study was carried out in 2012 and 2014 in three organic plum orchards, on the cultivars Angeleno, Friar, President and Stanley. To evaluate the pheromone emission curve of the dispensers from the openings to the end of the trials, a chemical analysis was carried out by solid phase micro-extraction followed by gas chromatography, followed by mass spectrometry. In all years and orchards the mean number of males caught in traps placed in the treatment plots was always significantly lower than untreated plots. Pheromone emission from the dispensers was highest at the opening, and was still considerable at 54 days of field exposure, while it significantly decreased after 72 days of field exposure. Cultivar was confirmed to be an essential factor in determining the fruit infestation level. Pheromone treatment significantly reduced fruit infestation, but not economic damage.

scholarly journals Mating Disruption of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Processing Tomato: First Applications in Northern Italy

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Burgio ◽  
Fabio Ravaglia ◽  
Stefano Maini ◽  
Giovanni Giorgio Bazzocchi ◽  
Antonio Masetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Mating Disruption ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Processing Tomato ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Weak Points ◽  
Fruit Damage ◽  
Trap Catches ◽  
Globally Distributed

Helicoverpa armigera is a polyphagous and globally distributed pest. In Italy, this species causes severe damage on processing tomato. We compared the efficacy of mating disruption with a standard integrated pest management strategy (IPM) in a two-year experiment carried out in Northern Italy. Mating disruption registered a very high suppression of male captures (>95%) in both growing seasons. Geostatistical analysis of trap catches was shown to be a useful tool to estimate the efficacy of the technique through representation of the spatial pattern of captures. Lower fruit damage was recorded in mating disruption than in the untreated control plots, with a variable efficacy depending on season and sampling date. Mating disruption showed a higher efficacy than standard IPM in controlling H. armigera infestation in the second season experiment. Mating disruption showed the potential to optimize the H. armigera control. Geostatistical maps were suitable to draw the pheromone drift out of the pheromone-treated area in order to evaluate the efficacy of the technique and to detect the weak points in a pheromone treated field. Mating disruption and standard IPM against H. armigera were demonstrated to be only partially effective in comparison with the untreated plots because both strategies were not able to fully avoid fruit damage.

scholarly journals Development of multiple species mating disruption to control codling moth and leafrollers (Lepidoptera Tortricidae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 264-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.L. Lo ◽  
J.T.S. Walker ◽  
R.M. Horner ◽  
D.I. Hedderley
Keyword(s):  
Mating Disruption ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Fruit Damage ◽  
Multiple Species ◽  
Lightbrown Apple Moth ◽  
Measures Of Effectiveness

Codling moth (Cydia pomonella) and leafrollers principally lightbrown apple moth (Epiphyas postvittana) are key pests of apples Pheromone mating disruption has until now required separate dispensers to be deployed for each pest group With 6001000 dispensers per ha for each species application costs are a significant factor limiting the wider adoption of multispecies mating disruption in New Zealand apple orchards The aim was to integrate the two disruption systems into a single dispenser and evaluate its performance against that of separate dispensers in paired block comparisons on four apple orchards The three measures of effectiveness pheromone trap catch suppression of moth mating and fruit damage at harvest all showed no statistical differences between the two treatments The performance of the new combination pheromone dispenser was equivalent to that when the two dispensers were deployed separately

Female sex pheromone of brinjal fruit and shoot borer, Leucinodes orbonalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae): trap optimization and application in IPM trials

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cork ◽  
S.N. Alam ◽  
F.M.A. Rouf ◽  
N.S. Talekar
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
Mass Trapping ◽  
Female Sex Pheromone ◽  
Trap Catch ◽  
Leucinodes Orbonalis ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Fruit Damage ◽  
Trap Catches

AbstractDelta and wing traps baited with synthetic female sex pheromone of Leucinodes orbonalis Guenée were found to catch and retain ten times more moths than either Spodoptera or uni-trap designs. Locally-produced water and funnel traps were as effective as delta traps, although ‘windows’ cut in the side panels of delta traps significantly increased trap catch from 0.4 to 2.3 moths per trap per night. Trap catch was found to be proportional to the radius of sticky disc traps in the range 5–20 cm radius, discs with a 2.5 cm radius caught no moths. Wing traps placed at crop height caught significantly more moths than traps placed 0.5 m above or below the crop canopy. Replicated integrated pest management (IPM) trials (3 × 0.5 ha per treatment) were conducted in farmers fields with young and mature eggplant crops. Farmers applied insecticides at least three times a week in all check and IPM plots. In addition pheromone traps were placed out at a density of 100 per ha and infested shoots removed weekly in the 0.5 ha IPM plots. Pheromone trap catches were reduced significantly from 2.0 to 0.4 moths per trap per night respectively in check and IPM plots in a young crop and 1.1 to 0.3 moths per trap per night in check and IPM plots respectively in a mature crop. Fruit damage was significantly reduced from an average of 41.8% and 51.2% in check plots of young and mature crops respectively to 22% and 26.4 respectively in the associated IPM plots. Significant differences in pheromone trap catches and fruit damage were attained four and two weeks respectively after IPM treatments began in the mature crop whereas in the immature crop significant differences were not observed for the first eight to nine weeks respectively. The relative impact of removing infested shoots and mass trapping on L. orbonalis larval populations was not established in these trials but in both cases there was an estimated increase of approximately 50% in marketable fruit obtained by the combination of control techniques compared to insecticide treatment alone.

scholarly journals Multiple species mating disruption of leafrollers in cherries in Central Otago

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 132-137
Author(s):  
G.F. McLaren ◽  
D.M. Suckling ◽  
A.M. El-Sayed ◽  
B.T. Hislop ◽  
T.F.S. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Mating Disruption ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
Epiphyas Postvittana ◽  
Pheromone Dispenser ◽  
Light Brown Apple Moth ◽  
Commercial Scale ◽  
Cherry Orchard ◽  
Multiple Species ◽  
Trap Catches ◽  
Planotortrix Octo

Mating disruption for leafrollers has been conducted on a commercial scale using a single multispecies pheromone dispenser on contiguous blocks of cherries in Central Otago for 4 years Pheromone trap and packhouse results were collected from isolated untreated (654 ha) and pheromonetreated cherry orchard areas (764 ha) in the Cromwell district In untreated cherry orchards catches of light brown apple moth (Epiphyas postvittana) were exceptionally high (38 males/trap/day) with lower catches of Planotortrix octo (025 males/ trap/day) Catches of both species were strongly disrupted in the treated areas reducing E postvittana to 00036 moths/trap/day and P octo to nil Trap catches of both species have increased steadily over 5 years (2008/09 to 20012/13) in blocks not using mating disruption Packhouse results showed that all of the fruit inspected from both treated and untreated areas were free of leafroller infestations in 2012/13 Insecticide use in the pheromonetreated areas was reduced by one application compared with the areas without pheromone

UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA MELALUI PENGGUNAAN VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN BAGI SISWA KELAS IV DI SDN 187/IV KOTA JAMBI

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Juniar Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Research Report ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Classroom Action Research

This study presents a research report on improving students’ Learning results on IPA through Video. The objective was to find out whether students’ learning result improved when they are taught by using Video. It was conducted using classroom action research method. The subject of the study was the Grade IV students of SDN 187/IV Kota Jambi which is located on Jln. Adi Sucipto RT 05 Kecamatan Jambi Selatan, and the number of the students were 21 persons. The instruments used were test. In analyzing the data, the mean of the students’ score for the on fisrt sycle was 65,4 (42,85%) and the mean on cycle two was 68,5 (37,15%) and the mean of the third cycle was 81,4 (100%). Then it can be concluded that the use of video on learning IPA can improve the students’ learning result. It is suggested that teachers should use video as one of the media to improve students’ learning result on IPA.Keywords : IPA, students’ learning result, video

IMPROVING STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING RECOUNT TEXT THROUGH THINK PAIR SHARE

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hotria Manik ◽  
Elia Masa Ginting
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Writing Achievement ◽  
The Third ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Class Viii ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Writing Tests

This study attempts to improve students’ writing achievement in recount text through Think-Pair-Share Strategy. This study was conducted by using classroom action research. The subject of the research was class VIII-1 SMPN 1 Pematangsiantar. The number of the students was 32 students, consisted of 5 males and twenty seven females. The research was conducted in two cycles and consisted of six meetings. The instruments for collecting data were writing tests as the quantitative data and diary notes, observation sheet, interview sheet and questionnaire sheet as qualitative data. Based on the writing score, students’ scores kept improving in every test. In analyzing the data, the mean of the students’ score for the first test as a pre-test was 57.84, for the second test as a post test I was 73.56, for the third test as a post test II was 77.56. Based on diary notes, observation sheet and questionnaire sheet, it was found that students were actively involved in writing process. The result of the research showed that Think-Pair-Share Strategy can improve students’ achievement in writing recount text.   Keywords: Think Pair Share, Writing, Recount text, Action research

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