scholarly journals Towards a Low-Cost Precision Viticulture System Using Internet of Things Devices

IoT ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petros Spachos
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor Nodes ◽  
Precision Viticulture ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Precision Agriculture (PA) is an ever-expanding field that takes modern technological advancements and applies it to farming practices to reduce waste and increase output. One advancement that can play a significant role in achieving precision agriculture is wireless technology, and specifically the Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Small, inch scale and low-cost devices can be used to monitor great agricultural areas. In this paper, a system for precision viticulture which uses IoT devices for real-time monitoring is proposed. The different components of the system are programmed properly and the interconnection between them is designed to minimize energy consumption. Wireless sensor nodes measure soil moisture and soil temperature in the field and transmit the information to a base station. If the conditions are optimal for a disease or pest to occur, a drone flies towards the area. When the drone is over the node, pictures are captured and then it returns to the base station for further processing. The feasibility of the system is examined through experimentation in a realistic scenario.

scholarly journals The Future of Low-End Motes in the Internet of Things: A Prospective Paper

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Oliveira ◽  
Miguel Costa ◽  
Sandro Pinto ◽  
Tiago Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Reconfigurable Computing ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Wireless Sensor Nodes ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Undeniably, the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem continues to evolve at a breakneck pace, exceeding all growth expectations and ubiquity barriers. From sensor to cloud, this giant network keeps breaking technological bounds in several domains, and wireless sensor nodes (motes) are expected to be predominant as the number of IoT devices grows towards the trillions. However, their future in the IoT ecosystem still seems foggy, where several challenges, such as (i) device’s connectivity, (ii) intelligence at the edge, (iii) security and privacy concerns, and (iv) growing energy needs, keep pulling in opposite directions. This prospective paper offers a succinct and forward-looking review of recent trends, challenges, and state-of-the-art solutions of low-end IoT motes, where reconfigurable computing technology plays a key role in tomorrow’s IoT devices.

scholarly journals A Framework for Constructing a Secure Domain of Sensor Nodes

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 2797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Furtak ◽  
Zieliński ◽  
Chudzikiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Wireless Sensor Nodes ◽  
Software Configuration ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Trusted Platform ◽  
Hostile Environments ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Application of the Internet of Things (IoT) in some critical areas (e.g., military) is limited mainly due to the lack of robust, secure, and trusted measures needed to ensure the availability, confidentiality, and integrity of information throughout its lifecycle. Considering the mostly limited resources of IoT devices connected by wireless networks and their dynamic placement in unsupervised or even hostile environments, security is a complex and considerable issue. In this paper, a framework which encompasses an approach to integrate some security measures to build a so-called “secure domain of sensors nodes” is proposed. The framework is based on the use of the Trusted Platform Modules (TPMs) in wireless sensor nodes. It encompasses an architecture of sensor nodes, their roles in the domain, and the data structures as well as the developed procedures which could be applied to generate the credentials for the sensor nodes, and subsequently, to build a local trust structure of each node as well as to build a trust relationship between a domain’s nodes. The proposed solution ensures the authentication of sensor nodes and their resistance against unauthorized impact with the hardware/software configuration allowing protection against malware that can infect the software. The usefulness of the presented framework was confirmed experimentally.

scholarly journals Efficient Energy Utilization with Device Placement and Scheduling in the Internet of Things

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Yanli Zhu ◽  
Xiaoping Yang ◽  
Yi Hong ◽  
Youfang Leng ◽  
Chuanwen Luo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Approximation Algorithm ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Area Coverage ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Minimum Energy Consumption ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technologies, such as LoRa, Sigfox, and NB-IoT, bring new renovation to the wireless communication between end devices in the Internet of things (IoT), which can provide larger coverage and support a large number of IoT devices to connect to the Internet with few gateways. Based on these technologies, we can directly deploy IoT devices on the candidate locations to cover targets or the detection area without considering multihop data transmission to the base station like the traditional wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we investigate the problems of the minimum energy consumption of IoT devices for target coverage through placement and scheduling (MTPS) and minimum energy consumption of IoT devices for area coverage through placement and scheduling (MAPS). In the problems, we consider both the placement and scheduling of IoT devices to monitor all targets (or the whole detection area) such that all targets (or the whole area) are (or is) continuously observed for a certain period of time. The objectives of the problems are to minimize the total energy consumption of the IoT devices. We first, respectively, propose the mathematical models for the MTPS and MAPS problems and prove that they are NP-hard. Then, we study two subproblems of the MTPS problem, minimum location coverage (MLC), and minimum energy consumption scheduling deployment (MESD) and propose an approximation algorithm for each of them. Based on these two subproblems, we propose an approximation algorithm for the MTPS problem. After that, we investigate the minimum location area coverage (MLAC) problem and propose an algorithm for it. Based on the MLAC and MESD problems, we propose an approximation algorithm to solve the MAPS problem. Finally, extensive simulation results are given to further verify the performance of the proposed algorithms.

scholarly journals An In-Networking Double-Layered Data Reduction for Internet of Things (IoT)

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waleed Ismael ◽  
Mingsheng Gao ◽  
Asma Al-Shargabi ◽  
Ammar Zahary
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Data Reduction ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Data Filtering ◽  
Cloud Data Center ◽  
Cloud Data ◽  
Network Bandwidth ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Due to the ever-increasing number and diversity of data sources, and the continuous flow of data that are inevitably redundant and unused to the cloud, the Internet of Things (IoT) brings several problems including network bandwidth, the consumption of network energy, cloud storage, especially for paid volume, and I/O throughput as well as handling huge amount of stored data in the cloud. These call for data pre-processing at the network edge before data transmission over the network takes place. Data reduction is a method for mitigating such problems. Most state-of-the-art data reduction approaches employ a single tier, such as gateways, or two tiers, such gateways and the cloud data center or sensor nodes and base station. In this paper, an approach for IoT data reduction is proposed using in-networking data filtering and fusion. The proposed approach consists of two layers that can be adapted at either a single tier or two tiers. The first layer of the proposed approach is the data filtering layer that is based on two techniques, namely data change detection and the deviation of real observations from their estimated values. The second layer is the data fusion layer. It is based on a minimum square error criterion and fuses the data of the same time domain for specific sensors deployed in a specific area. The proposed approach was implemented using Python and the evaluation of the approach was conducted based on a real-world dataset. The obtained results demonstrate that the proposed approach is efficient in terms of data reduction in comparison with Least Mean Squares filter and Papageorgiou’s (CLONE) method.

scholarly journals Review of Energy Efficient Techniques of IoT

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 17-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritesh Awasthi ◽  
Navneet Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Reduce Energy Consumption ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The network across which the information is sensed by the sensor devices and then forwarded to the sink is known as Internet of Things (IoT). Even though this system is deployed in several applications, there are certain issues faced in it due to its dynamic nature. The internet of things is derived from the wireless sensor networks. The sensor nodes which are deployed to sense environmental conditions are very small in size and also deployed on the far places due to which energy consumption is the major issue of internet of things. This research work related to reduce energy consumption of the network so that lifetime can be improved. In the existing system the approach of multilevel clustering is used for the data aggregation to base station. In the approach of multilevel clustering, the whole network is divided into clusters and cluster heads are selected in each cluster. The energy efficient techniques of internet of things are reviewed and analyzed in terms of certain parameters.

scholarly journals Exploiting cooperative sensing for accurate target tracking in industrial Internet of things

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 155014771989220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muneeb A Khan ◽  
Muazzam A Khan ◽  
Anis U Rahman ◽  
Asad Waqar Malik ◽  
Safdar A Khan
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Target Tracking ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Tracking Accuracy ◽  
Industrial Internet ◽  
Target Path ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Localization And Tracking ◽  
Complete Path

Wireless sensor networks are a cornerstone of the Internet of things with many applications. An important aspect of such applications is target tracking using self-positioned known sensor nodes. Over the years, many schemes have been proposed to locate and track the target path. However, accuracy and reliable tracking remain an open area of research. In this article, we propose a dynamic cooperative multilateral sensing scheme for indoor industrial environments to improve target localization and tracking accuracy. The scheme is designed to select reliable nodes based on the distance between nodes within-cluster and to the target for reduced positioning error. Furthermore, a cluster node is dynamically selected based on distance from the base station. We simulate the proposed technique in scenarios with tracking at regular intervals and with the complete path. Furthermore, the performance of the scheme is also tested under different sensor coverage areas. The results show that the proposed scheme provides better target tracking with up to 19% higher accuracy in comparison to the traditional trilateration scheme.

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