scholarly journals Risk Assessment of the Increased Occurrence of Congenital Cardiac and Non-Cardiac Defects in Fetuses with a Normal Karyotype after Assisted Fertilization in Comparison to Natural Fertilization Based on Ultrasound Diagnostics

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 5630
Author(s):  
Dawid Serafin ◽  
Beniamin Oskar Grabarek ◽  
Dariusz Boroń ◽  
Andrzej Madej ◽  
Bartosz Czuba
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Reproduction ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Intrauterine Insemination ◽  
Heart Defects ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Ductus Venosus ◽  
Crown Rump Length ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Ultrasound Diagnostics

The goal of the study was to assess changes in parameters based on ultrasound examinations—these were Crown Rump Length (CRL), Nuchal Translucency (NT), Fetal Heart Rate (FHR), and Pulsatility Index for Ductus Venosus (DV-PI)—in the first trimester of pregnancy in women in which there was a natural initiation of the pregnancy due to spontaneous ovulation, women in which the pregnancy was initiated as a result of stimulated ovulation, as well as in the group in which pregnancy was achieved through the use of In-Vitro Fertilization (IVF)-assisted reproduction. A total of 1581 women became pregnant without the use of assisted reproduction methods. Out of 283 pregnancies, in 178 patients, induced ovulation was utilized. Next, 137 women had sexual intercourse and became pregnant; 41 of them became pregnant through Intrauterine Insemination (IUI) as a result of Artificial Insemination by Husband (AIH), and 13 became pregnant after Artificial Insemination by Donor (AID). The third group consisted of 105 women subjected to Controlled Ovarian Hyperstimulation (COH). In this group of pregnant women, 53 pregnancies were resultant of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI), and 52 pregnancies were the result of Intracytoplasmic Morphologically selected Sperm Injection (IMSI). The obtained results did not indicate that the chosen method of fertilization or the chosen ovulation method had a statistically significant effect on the development risk of congenital heart or non-heart defects in the fetus.

scholarly journals Reproductive aspects of the male jaguar (Panthera onca): A review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. López-Pérez ◽  
F. Cortés-Villavicencio ◽  
C. Muñoz-García ◽  
J. Gallegos-Sánchez ◽  
Alejandro Ávalos-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Assisted Reproduction ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Panthera Onca ◽  
Leopardus Pardalis ◽  
Assisted Reproduction Techniques ◽  
Vitro Fertilization

Objective: To describe the anatomy, morphology and physiology of the reproductive system of male jaguars, as well as assisted reproduction techniques. Methodology: A literature review on the anatomy and morphology of the jaguar´s reproductive system, its physiological characteristics and assisted reproduction techniques were carried out to document relevant information on the topic. Results: With this review, basic aspects of the morphology of the reproductive system of the jaguars are disclosed, although scarce knowledge is available on their reproduction. The advances in the collection, evaluation and cryopreservation of semen of this feline are shown, in addition to assisted reproduction techniques such as artificial insemination and in vitro fertilization, which have a great potential to safeguard the species. Study limitations: The jaguar, an emblematic species of Latinamerica, is an endangered species, like other wild felids species as ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) and margay (Leopardus wiedii), which makes it necessary to have a national assisted reproduction program. However, for this to be possible, information about their reproductive physiology is necessary, which is complicated in wild animals and even more so because the reproductive mechanisms greatly differ between felids species. There is scarce information in this regard from its free-living or Mexican zoos, it is for this reason necessary to generate such information. Conclusions: It is necessary to continue working on designing protocols for artificial insemination and other assisted reproduction techniques such as in-vitro fertilization specifically for male Panthera onca.

scholarly journals Gross characteristics of placentas from an assisted reproduction program

2006 ◽  
Vol 59 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 47-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dunja Tabs ◽  
Tihomir Vejnovic ◽  
Dusan Lalosevic ◽  
Nebojsa Radunovic
Keyword(s):  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Assisted Reproduction ◽  
Intrauterine Insemination ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Natural Conception ◽  
Umbilical Cords

Introduction. Even though placentas from assisted reproduction programs often differ from placentas of women who conceived naturally, they are rarely examined. The aim of our investigation was to determine some gross characteristics of placentas of women who conceived with assisted reproduction. Material and methods. We examined 30 placentas from an assisted reproduction program (20 from in vitro fertilization and 10 from intrauterine insemination) and 30 placentas of women who conceived naturally. All women were age matched. All the women were at term. Results. The mean weight of placentas from assisted reproduction program was 573 g and of those after natural conception - 582.67g. The mean length of the umbilical cords was 64.3cm after assisted reproduction and 66.3cm after natural conception. The mean placenta thickness after assisted reproduction was 2,22 cm and after natural conception 2.28 cm. Eight pla?centas of the study group had a marginal insertion of the umbilical cord, which lead to a statistically significant difference when compared to placentas of women who conceived naturally: ?? =7.07; p>0.01. Discussion. Marginal cord insertion into the placenta after assisted reproduction is also often described in the literature (as a possible "consequence " of embryo-transfer). Conclusion. There were no statistically significant differences in the mean weight and dimensions of placentas, length of the umbilical cord, gross pathological features of placentas and cords, mean birth weight of babies and placental/fetal ratios between women from assisted reproduction program and those who conceived naturally. .

First trimester severe ductus venosus flow abnormalities in isolation or combination with other markers of aneuploidy and fetal anomalies

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Wiechec ◽  
Agnieszka Nocun ◽  
Anna Matyszkiewicz ◽  
Ewa Wiercinska ◽  
Emilia Latała
Keyword(s):  
Screening Tool ◽  
Heart Defects ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Nuchal Translucency ◽  
Ductus Venosus ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Crown Rump Length ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies ◽  
Increased Nuchal Translucency

AbstractAltered flow in ductus venosus (DV) may be caused by the changes in preload or afterload. Its association with aneuploidy and congenital heart defects (CHDs) was widely described.The aim of this study was to examine the incidence of a reversed a-wave in DV flow (revDV) and the absence of DV (noDV), their coincidences with other markers of aneuploidy or fetal abnormalities in a mixed-risk population.The study group covered women who underwent an ultrasound scan between 11+0 and 13+6 weeks’ gestation.Singleton pregnancies with known pregnancy outcome and a crown-rump length of 45–84 mm.A total of 5811 cases, including 137 aneuploidies, met the inclusion criteria: 35 subjects of noDV, 189 of revDV and 5587 of normal DV flow. The incidence of noDV in euploidy was 0.47%, and in aneuploidy 5.8%. The incidence of revDV in euploidy was 2.46%, and in aneuploidy 35.7%. Among aneuploidy, the highest prevalence of noDV was found in monosomy 45X. revDV showed the highest prevalence in trisomy 18. Isolated noDV was only found in euploidy. Isolated revDV subjects were only observed in euploidy and trisomy 21. Any combination of revDV with additional markers showed high incidence in major trisomies. Extracardiac anatomy and abnormal cardiac findings showed a higher prevalence in noDV and revDV cases.The presence of noDV might be useful in suspicion of monosomy X among cases with increased nuchal translucency, as well as in differentiating them from other aneuploidies. The combinations of aneuploidy markers with revDV are strong indicators of aneuploidy. revDV alone is a poor screening tool for aneuploidy and euploidy with CHD.

First Trimester Fetal Volume and Crown-Rump Length: Comparison Between Singletons and Twins Conceived by In Vitro Fertilization

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 1360-1364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wellington P. Martins ◽  
Rui A. Ferriani ◽  
Carolina O. Nastri ◽  
Francisco Mauad Filho
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Crown Rump Length ◽  
Vitro Fertilization

scholarly journals Assessing the accuracy of ultrasound estimation of gestational age during routine antenatal care in in vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancies

Ultrasound ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bridget Knight ◽  
Aaron Brereton ◽  
Roy J Powell ◽  
Helen Liversedge
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Crown Rump Length ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Trimester Screening ◽  
Screening Clinic ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Routine Antenatal Care

Introduction In the UK an accurate gestational age is confirmed by ultrasound measured foetal crown rump length (CRL) at 11 + 2–14 + 1 weeks of gestation. The currently recommended Robinson and Fleming crown rump length reference chart was develop in 1975. Advances in ultrasound technology and standardized crown rump length measurement training could mean this is now out of date. Our study aimed to assess its accuracy in current routine antenatal care. Methods Retrospective data from 178 IVF pregnancies seen for routine antenatal care at a UK Regional Maternity Unit between 1 January 2006 and 1 January 2016 was retrieved. We compared ultrasound calculated crown rump length gestational age taken at the routine First Trimester Screening Clinic (FTSC) with the ‘true’ gestational age calculated from the known IVF fertilization date. Results We identified a systematic overestimation of gestational age by ultrasound using the currently recommended crown rump length reference chart when compared to IVF gestational age. The mean overestimation was 3.0 days (95% CI: 2.7 to 3.4), p < 0.001. A range of alternative ultrasound reference charts also generated a systematic overestimation, ranging from 1.6 to 2.9 days ( p < 0.001, for each). Conclusions The current crown rump length reference chart systematically overestimates gestational age by an average of three days when assessed in IVF pregnancies. A systematic overestimation was also identified in alternative crown rump length reference charts. These differences, although slight, were systematic with implications for the accuracy of gestational age estimation particularly in pregnancies at risk of pre-term delivery or growth restriction. Our findings need confirming in larger, non IVF cohorts and could lead to the need for an updated crown rump length reference chart.

scholarly journals What shapes public attitudes towards assisted reproduction technologies?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Djundeva ◽  
Ivett Szalma
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Assisted Reproduction ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Age At First Birth ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Assisted Reproduction Technologies ◽  
The Impact

This paper contributes to the literature on social acceptance of artificial insemination and in-vitro fertilization, the two most prominent examples of Assisted Reproduction Technologies (ART) in Europe and direct attention to several previously under-researched aspects. The empirical base of this study is the fourth round of the European Values Study (EVS), conducted in 2008-2010 in 43 countries. Using multilevel fixed-effects linear regressions, we examine the impact of several individual and country-level characteristics on the agreement level with the statement that artificial insemination or in-vitro fertilization can always be justified, never be justified or something in between. According to our findings there are strong relationships between attitudes towards ART and socio-demographic variables, as well as religiousness and individual attitudes such as traditional family formation practices, "justification of homosexuality", (non-)preference for homosexual neighbours and acceptance of adoption by homosexual couples. As for the country level variables we found significant effect in case of those variables which are related to social changes within the concept Second Demographic Transitions such as mean age at first birth and secularization but GDP did not have any significant effects.

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