scholarly journals Athlete’s Passport: Prevention of Infections, Inflammations, Injuries and Cardiovascular Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Mennitti ◽  
Mariarita Brancaccio ◽  
Luca Gentile ◽  
Annaluisa Ranieri ◽  
Daniela Terracciano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Muscle Injuries ◽  
Intense Exercise ◽  
Professional Athlete ◽  
Metabolic Adaptations ◽  
Healthy State ◽  
Assessment And Monitoring ◽  
Prevention Of Infections

Laboratory medicine in sports medicine is taking on an ever-greater role in the assessment and monitoring of an athlete’s health condition. The acute or intense exercise practiced by elite athletes can lead to the appearance of infections, inflammations, muscle injuries or cardiovascular disorders, whose diagnosis is not always rapid and efficient, as there is no continuous monitoring of the athlete. The absence of such monitoring can have serious consequences in terms of recovery of the professional athlete. These imbalances can induce metabolic adaptations which translate into alterations of specific parameters in terms of concentration and activity. The aim of this study was to follow the variation of specific biochemical biomarkers in a basketball team participating to the maximum championship during different phases of the agonistic season. The evaluation of serum biomarkers can help doctors to safeguard the athlete’s health and sports trainers to adapt workouts, thus avoiding the appearance of diseases and injuries that in some cases can be underestimated by becoming irreversible ailments that do not allow the athlete to return to a healthy state. This information can be useful to create athlete biologic passports.

Analysis of within- and between-day chlorophyll-a dynamics in Mantua Superior Lake, with a continuous spectroradiometric measurement

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 303 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bresciani ◽  
M. Rossini ◽  
G. Morabito ◽  
E. Matta ◽  
M. Pinardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Phytoplankton Growth ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Eutrophic Lakes ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Metabolic Adaptations ◽  
Horizontal Migration ◽  
Radiometric System ◽  
Growth Distribution

Eutrophic lakes display unpredictable patterns of phytoplankton growth, distribution, vertical and horizontal migration, likely depending on environmental conditions. Monitoring chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration provides reliable information on the dynamics of primary producers if monitoring is conducted frequently. We present a practical approach that allows continuous monitoring of Chl-a concentration by using a radiometric system that measures optical spectral properties of water. We tested this method in a shallow, nutrient-rich lake in northern Italy, the Mantua Superior Lake, where the radiometric system collected data all throughout the day (i.e. every 5 min) for ~30 days. Here, specifically developed algorithms were used to convert water reflectance to Chl-a concentration. The best performing algorithm (R2 = 0.863) was applied to a larger dataset collected in September 2011. We characterised intra- and inter-daily Chl-a concentration dynamics and observed a high variability; during a single day, Chl-a concentration varied from 20 to 130 mg m–3. Values of Chl-a concentration were correlated with meteo-climatic parameters, showing that solar radiance and wind speed are key factors regulating the daily phytoplankton growth and dynamics. Such patterns are usually determined by vertical migration of different phytoplankton species within the water column, as well as by metabolic adaptations to changes in light conditions.

scholarly journals Losartan no tratamento das lesões musculares

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
Filipe Cabral ◽  
◽  
Pedro Barata ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Muscle Injury ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Muscle Repair ◽  
Muscle Injuries ◽  
Fibrotic Scar ◽  
Tgf Β1 ◽  
Injury Recurrence

Muscle injuries are very common in sports medicine. Frequently the muscle repair process ends in the formation of a fibrotic scar, that not only limits the complete functional recovery, but also increases the likelihood of injury recurrence. TGF-β1 is the main profibrogenic factor involved in this healing process. By blocking its activity, Losartan has proven it efficacy in reducing fibrosis and increasing regenerative and functional capacity post muscle injury. Therefore, its use should be considered as an alternative therapeutic for this kind of injuries.

scholarly journals Textronic Solutions Used for Premature Babies: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Wilgocka ◽  
Ewa Skrzetuska ◽  
Izabella Krucińska ◽  
Witold Sujka
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Perinatal Medicine ◽  
Premature Babies ◽  
Substantial Problem ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Prematurity Rate ◽  
Huge Challenge

Abstract Premature birth is considered to be a substantial problem in perinatal medicine, which in the vast majority of cases (>60%), concerns African and South Asian countries. Nevertheless, prematurity is a global problem and is faced by both less-developed (where 12% of babies are prematurely born) and well-developed countries (with 9% prematurity rate) [1, 2]. The percentage of children born prematurely, i.e., before the 37th week of pregnancy, was 8.7% in Europe, while, in Poland, it was 7.34% [3]. Care of prematurely born babies is a huge challenge for parents and medical staff in the neonatal intensive care unit. Preterm infants, because of their low weight and gestational age, are prone to health problems and even death. For this reason, continuous monitoring of health parameters plays an important role. It is achieved by the use of various sensors that are inserted in infants’ garments. Sensor systems monitor an infant’s health condition, and then the data are transmitted to doctors or parents. This article is for illustrative purposes, aimed at presenting solutions such as the use of sensors for monitoring infants’ physiological parameters.

Antifibrotic effects of suramin in injured skeletal muscle after laceration

2003 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 771-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Sheng Chan ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
William Foster ◽  
Takashi Horaguchi ◽  
George Somogyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Muscle Regeneration ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Muscle Injuries

Muscle injuries are very common in traumatology and sports medicine. Although muscle tissue can regenerate postinjury, the healing process is slow and often incomplete; complete recovery after skeletal muscle injury is hindered by fibrosis. Our studies have shown that decreased fibrosis could improve muscle healing. Suramin has been found to inhibit transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression by competitively binding to the growth factor receptor. We conducted a series of tests to determine the antifibrotic effects of suramin on muscle laceration injuries. Our results demonstrate that suramin (50 μg/ml) can effectively decrease fibroblast proliferation and fibrotic-protein expression (α-smooth muscle actin) in vitro. In vivo, direct injection of suramin (2.5 mg) into injured murine muscle resulted in effective inhibition of muscle fibrosis and enhanced muscle regeneration, which led to efficient functional muscle recovery. These results support our hypothesis that prevention of fibrosis could enhance muscle regeneration, thereby facilitating more efficient muscle healing. This study could significantly contribute to the development of strategies to promote efficient muscle healing and functional recovery.

scholarly journals Eccentric Exercise for Achilles Tendinopathy: A Narrative Review and Clinical Decision-Making Considerations

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhinu J. Jayaseelan ◽  
John J. Mischke ◽  
Raymond L. Strazzulla
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Achilles Tendinopathy ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Control Group

Background: Achilles tendinopathy is a common health condition encountered in the orthopedic and sports medicine settings. Eccentric exercise is a common intervention in the management of pain and limited function for this patient population, although contemporary evidence suggests additional exercise methods may be effective as well. Study design: Narrative review: Methods: A literature review was performed using the electronic databases Pubmed and PEDRO for articles through February 2019. Randomized clinical trials integrating eccentric exercise, with or without co-interventions, were evaluated. Outcomes related to pain and/or function were considered. A patient case is provided to highlight decision making processes related to clinical prescription of eccentrics for Achilles tendinopathy. Results: After screening titles and abstracts, seven studies were included for full review. Two articles compared eccentric exercise to a control group, four compared eccentrics to the use of modalities, while one used eccentric exercise as part of a multimodal intervention. In each case, eccentric exercise was effective in reducing pain and improving function. In comparison to other forms of exercise or additional interventions, eccentric exercise was frequently not more effective than other options. Discussion: Eccentric exercise has been associated with clinical benefit in improving pain and function for patients with Achilles tendinopathy. Despite the available evidence reporting effectiveness of eccentrics, other options may be equally useful. Appropriate load modification and exercise prescription for patients with Achilles tendinopathy requires systematic clinical reasoning and incorporation of patient values to optimize outcomes.

Diagnostic Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: New Concepts and Radiological Approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
André Fukunishi Yamada ◽  
Ivan R. B. Godoy ◽  
Luis Pecci Neto ◽  
Atul K. Taneja ◽  
Guinel Hernandez Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Imaging ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Muscle Injuries ◽  
New Concepts

scholarly journals Assessment of Postural Stability During an Upper Extremity Rapid, Bimanual Motor Task After Sport-Related Concussion

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
pp. 1160-1173
Author(s):  
Cameron S. Mang ◽  
Tara A. Whitten ◽  
Madeline S. Cosh ◽  
Sean P. Dukelow ◽  
Brian W. Benson
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
Reliable Change ◽  
Healthy State ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Multiple Domains ◽  
Postural Performance

Context Sport-related concussion (SRC) often presents with multidimensional and subtle neurologic deficits that are difficult to detect with standard clinical tests. New assessment approaches that efficiently quantify deficits across multiple neurologic domains are needed. Objective To quantify impairments in postural movements during an assessment of rapid, bimanual motor ability in athletes within 10 days of experiencing an SRC and evaluate relationships between impairments in upper extremity and postural performance. Design Cohort study. Setting Sports medicine clinic. Patients or Other Participants Initial baseline assessments were completed for 711 athletes. Seventy-five athletes (age = 15.8 ± 3.3 years at baseline) sustained SRCs and were reassessed within 10 days. Seventy-eight athletes (age = 15.5 ± 2.0 years) completed 2 assessments in a healthy state. Main Outcome Measure(s) Athletes stood on force plates and performed a rapid, bimanual motor task, termed the object-hit task, delivered using a Kinesiological Instrument for Normal and Altered Reaching Movements endpoint robot. Measures of postural stability that quantified center-of-pressure movements and measures of upper extremity performance were used to characterize task performance. Results Performance changes across assessments were converted to reliable change indices. We observed a difference in reliable change indices values between athletes with SRC and healthy control athletes on the combined postural measures (P = .01). Using measures to evaluate the change in postural movements from the early, easier portion of the task to the later, more difficult portion, we identified the highest levels of impairment (19%–25% of the sample impaired). We also noted a difference between individuals with concussion and healthy individuals on the combined upper extremity measures (P = .003), but these impairments were largely unrelated to those identified in the postural movements. Conclusions Measurement of postural movements during the object-hit task revealed impairments in postural stability that were not related to impairments in upper extremity performance. The findings demonstrated the benefits of using assessments that simultaneously evaluate multiple domains of neurologic function (eg, upper extremity and postural control) after SRC.

Ultrasound Diagnosis Technology for Sports Injury Detection and Prevention: A Mini Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2077-2079
Author(s):  
Jiansheng Mao ◽  
Liangliang Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Sports Injuries ◽  
Dynamic Assessment ◽  
Sports Injury ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Ultrasound Diagnosis ◽  
Muscle Injuries ◽  
Initial Examination ◽  
Lower Limb Muscles

Ultrasound as a medical diagnosis tool, comprising the strengths of noninvasive, portable and cost-saving, and it allows the evaluation of soft tissue pathology. In sports medicine field, sonography technology is used for the detection and prevention of injuries of upper and lower limbs, mainly including elbow, shoulder, knee and ankle joints. The implement of ultrasound diagnosis technology was discussed in this narrative literature review. Sonographic images of elbows could provide a dynamic assessment of medial joint laxity. Due to the importance of ultrasound assessment in lower-limb muscles, tendons, and ligaments, this technology has been applied extensively for many types of extra-articular injuries in the lower limb. Most muscle injuries can be assessed and graded using the ultrasound apparatus. Overall, sonographic image evaluation is a reliable and handy method for the initial examination of acute or chronic sports injuries.

Sports and exercise injuries

2013 ◽  
pp. 1390-1394
Author(s):  
Nicola Maffulli ◽  
Angelo Del Buono
Keyword(s):  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Muscle Injuries ◽  
Ligament Injuries ◽  
Early Return ◽  
Sport Activities ◽  
Level I ◽  
Sports And Exercise ◽  
Regenerative Therapies

Muscle, tendon, and ligament injuries are common practice in sports medicine. Muscle injuries do not require surgery but heal with traditional conservative measures, whereas surgery may be indicated in chronic high-demand patients who need to early return to preinjury activity. Ligament injuries are responsive to conservative management but, when resulting clinical instability impairs daily and sport activities, surgical repair or reconstruction are recommended. Tendinopathy is an overuse syndrome, the diagnosis of which is clinical, and confirmed by the presence of degenerative changes at histology, without any signs of inflammatory disease. The current trend is to adopt a conservative approach which also includes platelet-rich plasma and sclerosing injections, and to advocate surgery in unresponsive patients. Even though regenerative therapies are emerging, available knowledge is still scanty and literature lacks level I studies to support their use.

scholarly journals Treatment of Skeletal Muscle Injury: A Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Baoge ◽  
E. Van Den Steen ◽  
S. Rimbaut ◽  
N. Philips ◽  
E. Witvrouw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Muscle Injuries ◽  
Inflammatory Phase ◽  
Tgf Β1

Skeletal muscle injuries are the most common sports-related injuries and present a challenge in primary care and sports medicine. Most types of muscle injuries would follow three stages: the acute inflammatory and degenerative phase, the repair phase and the remodeling phase. Present conservative treatment includes RICE (rest, ice, compression, elevation), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and physical therapy. However, if use improper, NSAIDs may suppress an essential inflammatory phase in the healing of injured skeletal muscle. Furthermore, it remains controversial whether or not they have adverse effects on the healing process or on the tensile strength. However, several growth factors might promote the regeneration of injured skeletal muscle, many novel treatments have involved on enhancing complete functional recovery. Exogenous growth factors have been shown to regulate satellite cell proliferation, differentiation and fusion in myotubes in vivo and in vitro, TGF-β1 antagonists behave as inhibitors of TGF-β1. They prevent collagen deposition and block formation of muscle fibrosis, so that a complete functional recovery can be achieved.

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