scholarly journals Laser-Based Aid Systems for Berthing and Docking

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Perkovič ◽  
Lucjan Gucma ◽  
Mateusz Bilewski ◽  
Bartosz Muczynski ◽  
Franc Dimc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
Precise Positioning ◽  
Strong Current ◽  
Large Ship ◽  
Navigational Aid ◽  
Margin For Error ◽  
Limited Depth ◽  
Difficult Issue

The berthing of an ultra large ship is always a difficult issue and becomes yet more complex when vessels must be handled in restricted manoeuvring areas of limited depth, exposed to a forceful crosswind, or manoeuvring in a strong current, or all three. The final approaching manoeuvre and precise positioning is particularly demanding at container terminals where many STS cranes are located along the quay, seriously limiting margin for error in the process of mooring a ship, especially when the cranes are located nearby a bridge wing or at the very edge of the pier. In order to avoid collisions, the final manoeuvre (side-push) must be fully controlled; the ship’s orientation must be parallel with the quay while maintaining the minimum lateral approaching velocity without significantly shifting the vessel longitudinally. The mooring of a Ro-Ro vessel is occasionally even more challenging: a precise docking manoeuvre is normally executed without any towing assistance. In this paper low cost laser-based berthing and docking systems developed for the ports of Koper and Swinousce are presented and several berthing manoeuvres are analysed and compared with the most commonly used GNSS-based navigational aid system portable pilot units (PPU).

scholarly journals Development and Experimental Evaluation of a Low-Cost Cooperative UAV Localization Network Prototype

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salil Goel ◽  
Allison Kealy ◽  
Bharat Lohani
Keyword(s):  
Information Sharing ◽  
Inertial Sensors ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Cooperative Networks ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
Cooperative Localization ◽  
Cooperative Network ◽  
Precise Positioning ◽  
Assisted Navigation

Precise localization is one of the key requirements in the deployment of UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) for any application including precision mapping, surveillance, assisted navigation, search and rescue. The need for precise positioning is even more relevant with the increasing automation in UAVs and growing interest in commercial UAV applications such as transport and delivery. In the near future, the airspace is expected to be occupied with a large number of unmanned as well as manned aircraft, a majority of which are expected to be operating autonomously. This paper develops a new cooperative localization prototype that utilizes information sharing among UAVs and static anchor nodes for precise positioning of the UAVs. The UAVs are retrofitted with low-cost sensors including a camera, GPS receiver, UWB (Ultra Wide Band) radio and low-cost inertial sensors. The performance of the low-cost prototype is evaluated in real-world conditions in partially and obscured GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) environments. The performance is analyzed for both centralized and distributed cooperative network designs. It is demonstrated that the developed system is capable of achieving navigation grade (2–4 m) accuracy in partially GNSS denied environments, provided a consistent communication in the cooperative network is available. Furthermore, this paper provides experimental validation that information sharing is beneficial to improve positioning performance even in ideal GNSS environments. The experiments demonstrate that the major challenges for low-cost cooperative networks are consistent connectivity among UAV platforms and sensor synchronization.

scholarly journals Alignments between strategic content and process structure: the case of container terminal service process automation

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Wang ◽  
Joan P. Mileski ◽  
Qingcheng Zeng
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Business Strategy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
Service Process ◽  
Market Uncertainty ◽  
Process Automation ◽  
Differentiation Strategy ◽  
Process Structure

AbstractDuring the last three decades, technological innovations in cargo handling equipment have made it possible to automate operational processes in container terminals. Despite the increasing trend in terminal automation, little work has been done to develop theoretical guidelines for evaluating the benefits of this industrial practice. We assess terminal automation by focusing on whether strategic content and process structure are aligned. In this study, we explore the reasons that these results are mixed in the context of service automation. Have market competitiveness and operational performance been enhanced by automation in seaports? We focus on two key strategic elements and their proper alignment to produce the best performance for a port. The first element is the overall business strategy and strategic content adopted by the port. In this study, we look at Porter’s (Competitive strategy, Free Press, New York, 1980) generic strategic classification of low cost, differentiation, or focus strategies. The second element is the process structure of the port, which may have been impacted by technological innovation. Using the framework of contingency theory, we explore the interface of strategic content and process structure and how this interface impacts the service process automation. A multiple case study is conducted on a sample of 20 container terminals, selected from the list of 2014 Journal of Commerce’s Top Productive Terminals. We come up with three important findings. First, a port’s strategic market position determines the choice of overall business strategy. If a port is strategically positioned as an international gate, then it should adopt an overall cost-leadership strategy, whereas a transshipment terminal should adopt an overall differentiation strategy. Second, we find that the process structure adopted is associated with the level of automation, and a differentiation strategy is dependent on the level of flexibility, speed, and reliability. Higher market uncertainty requires higher flexibility, while lower market uncertainty requires greater speed and reliability. Third, the level of process automation depends on throughput volume and stability. Closer relationships with maritime supply–chain partners help increase throughput volume and reduce throughput uncertainty.

Low Cost GPS and GSM Based Navigational Aid for Visually Impaired People

2016 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 1575-1589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul Dhod ◽  
Gurmohan Singh ◽  
Gagandeep Singh ◽  
Manjit Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Visually Impaired People ◽  
Impaired People ◽  
Navigational Aid

scholarly journals Low Cost Ais System for Safe Navigation

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Gucma
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Automatic Identification System ◽  
Small Vessels ◽  
Safe Navigation ◽  
Navigational Aid ◽  
Transfer Of Information

Low Cost Ais System for Safe Navigation Automatic Identification System (AIS) ensures automatic transfer of information between sea going vessels and land based monitoring centers. AIS transceivers are obligatory on board vessels of 300 gross register tones and over. System supports safe navigation at confined and open areas, whilst on the former mentioned is especially helpful due to limited range of radar. Article presents low cost AIS system for small vessels and leisure crafts where AIS is not obligatory but might be valuable navigational aid. Some aspects concerning accuracy are presented as well.

scholarly journals Secure and Opportunistic Routing in WSN using Associative Secure Optimized Routing Algorithm

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 3826-3834
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Routing Algorithm ◽  
Opportunistic Routing ◽  
Precise Positioning ◽  
Routing Security ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Real Time Application ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Better Than

Under wireless communication domain optimized routing for wireless networks is the trending scenario for research. Various older schemes faces performance issues such as consistency, alongside ensuring routing security which significantly causes performance degradation. Although the current mechanisms designed for routing are low-cost and precise positioning is also not essential but security still requires emphasis to be given during design. In this paper a secure and optimized routing technique is proposed for WSN mentioned as Associative Secure Optimized Routing (ASOR) Algorithm. Optimized data progression is the prime focus of ASOR alongside ensuring security to it. ASOR operates in two phases, in first phase it identifies and club the associative nodes based on the defined indulgent constant(IC) based on explicit trust, strength of link and link_quality parameters. Explicit trust and strength of link are directly measurable however to measure quality, survival time of link and the incurred delay are taken into consideration. Secondly the selection of optimized nodes using proposed ASOR is carried out through defined aptness function(AF) which is dependent on explicit_trust(ET), strength_of_link(SOL), node_quality(NQ) and distance. Proposed associative secure optimized routing scheme’s performance is evaluated based on metrics for adhoc sensor network of 100 dynamic nodes in the presence of worm_hole and black_hole attacks. Comparatively higher throughput and detection_rate whereas lower distance and delay are indicated by ASOR, which are relatively better than opposing methods. ASOR shows significantly high detection_rate and throughput as 55.7 and 44.1 respectively and comparatively less delay and distance as 13 and 168.2 which are significantly better than opposing methods. ASOR can be effectively used in WSN for real time application such as in agriculture, industries etc

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