scholarly journals Influence of CYP2C9 Genetic Polymorphisms on the Pharmacokinetics of Losartan and Its Active Metabolite E-3174: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 617
Author(s):  
Yoon-A Park ◽  
Yu-bin Song ◽  
Jeong Yee ◽  
Ha-Young Yoon ◽  
Hye-Sun Gwak
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Genetic Polymorphisms ◽  
Active Metabolite ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Lower Maximum ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Review Manager

This study aimed to investigate the influence of CYP2C9 genetic polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics of losartan and its active metabolite, E-3174, through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eight studies published before March 2021 were included in this study. We used PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Web of Science, based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The data analysis was conducted through Review Manager (RevMan), version 5.3, and R software. We found that healthy volunteers with CYP2C9*2 or *3 carriers had higher area under the curve (AUC0-∞) of losartan (mean difference (MD) 0.17 μg·h/mL; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.04, 0.29) and lower AUC0-∞ of E-3174 (MD −0.35 μg·h/mL; 95% CI: −0.62, −0.08) than those with CYP2C9*1/*1. Subjects with CYP2C9*2 or *3 carriers showed lower maximum concentration (Cmax) of E-3174 than those with CYP2C9*1/*1 (MD −0.13 μg/mL; 95% CI: −0.17, −0.09). For half-life, subjects with CYP2C9*2 or *3 carriers had longer half-lives of losartan and E-3174 than those with CYP2C9*1/*1 (MD 0.47 h; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.61 and MD 0.68 h; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.92, respectively). This meta-analysis suggests that the pharmacokinetics of losartan and E-3174 are associated with the CYP2C9 polymorphisms

scholarly journals Influence ofDPYDGenetic Polymorphisms on 5-Fluorouracil Toxicities in Patients with Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Li ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Hong-Mei Zhang ◽  
Yin-Peng Huang ◽  
Tian-Yi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Genetic Polymorphisms ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Stratified Analysis

Our meta-analysis aggregated existing results from relevant studies to comprehensively investigate the correlations between genetic polymorphisms in dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPYD) gene and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) toxicities in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). The MEDLINE (1966∼2013), the Cochrane Library Database (Issue 12, 2013), EMBASE (1980∼2013), CINAHL (1982∼2013), Web of Science (1945∼2013), and the Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM) (1982∼2013) were searched without language restrictions. Meta-analyses were conducted with the use of STATA software (Version 12.0, Stata Corporation, College Station, TX, USA). Seven clinical cohort studies with a total of 946 CRC patients met our inclusion criteria, and NOS scores of each of the included studies were ≥5. Our findings showed thatDPYDgenetic polymorphisms were significantly correlated with high incidences of 5-FU-related toxicity in CRC patients. SNP-stratified analysis indicated that there were remarkable connections of IVS14+1G>A, 464T>A, and 2194G>A polymorphisms with the incidence of marrow suppression in CRC patients receiving 5-FU chemotherapy. Furthermore, we found that IVS14+1G>A, 496A>G, and 2194G>A polymorphisms were correlated with the incidence of gastrointestinal reaction. Ethnicity-stratified analysis also revealed thatDPYDgenetic polymorphisms might contribute to the development of marrow suppression and gastrointestinal reaction among Asians, but not among Caucasians. The present meta-analysis suggests thatDPYDgenetic polymorphisms may be correlated with the incidence of 5-FU-related toxicity in CRC patients.

scholarly journals The Effect of Hysteroscopy on the Reproductive Outcomes of Infertile Women Without Intrauterine Pathologies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo Yeon Yang ◽  
Seon Heui Lee ◽  
Seung-Joo Chon
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Reproductive Outcomes ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Cochrane Library

(1) Background: The aim of this work was to systematically review existing studies on whether hysteroscopy improves the reproductive outcomes of women with infertility even in the absence of intrauterine pathologies when compared to women who did not receive a hysteroscopy. (2) Methods: We established the Participant-Intervention-Comparison-Outcome strategy and used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement to conduct a systematic review of 11 studies which were retrieved from 3 electronic databases: Ovid-Medline, Ovid-Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Two independent investigators extracted the data from the included studies and used the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool to assess their quality. (3) Results: The primary outcome measures were the clinical pregnancy rates (CPRs) and live birth rates (LBRs) in the in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. Hysteroscopy in infertile women without intrauterine pathologies showed higher CPRs and LBRs than those in the same population who did not receive hysteroscopy in cases of recurrent implantation failure and IVF (odds ratio: 1.79 and 1.46, 95% confidence interval: 1.46-2.30 and 1.08-1.97 for CPR and LBR, respectively); however, the degree of significance was not as high for LBR. (4) Conclusions: Hysteroscopy before IVF/ICSI in infertile women without intrauterine pathologies may potentially be effective in improving the CPRs and LBRs in patients with RIF. Robust and high-quality randomized trials are warranted to confirm this finding.

scholarly journals Antiphospholipid Antibody and Recurrent Ischemic Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 3728-3732
Author(s):  
Yerim Kim ◽  
Soo Young Kim
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Antiphospholipid Antibody ◽  
Prospective Trials ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Review Manager

Background and Purpose: Although aPLs (antiphospholipid antibodies) are associated with thrombotic events, especially in young patients, the role of aPLs in recurrent ischemic strokes (RIS) is unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the association between aPLs and RIS. Methods: The systematic review was conducted by a computer-assisted search of literature in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane library published in English or Korean from 1990, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement (PRISMA). Review Manager 5.3 software was used for statistical analyses. Results: Of the 2272 identified articles, 8 studies were included (2510 subjects; 844 aPL positive). The meta-analysis revealed a relative risk of aPLs for RIS of 1.41 (95% CI, 0.91–2.17; I 2 =54%). In the subgroup analysis, age <50 years, ethnicity, and type of aPL did not increase the risk of RIS. Conclusions: We found that aPLs are not an independent predictor for RIS in adults. However, considering the nonstandardized disease criteria, further well-designed prospective trials should be considered to confirm these findings.

Transfusion-associated necrotizing enterocolitis re-evaluated: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 665-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stientje Esther Rai ◽  
Amneet Kaur Sidhu ◽  
Rohin Jayaram Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Practice Change ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Random Effects Model ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Abstract Context: Significant controversy exists surrounding the possible association between recent packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusion and the subsequent development of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in infants. Previous studies and meta-analyses reporting a statistically significant association led to a practice change to withhold enteral feeds in the peri-transfusion period in many centers in an effort to prevent NEC; however, results from more recent studies do not support the existence of an association and, thus, question the validity of this practice change. Objective: This study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine whether exposure to recent PRBC transfusion (defined as within 48 h) is associated with the subsequent development of NEC stage ≥II (Bell’s criteria) in infants. Methods: Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to October 7, 2015. A gray literature search was also performed. Studies comparing the risk of NEC in infants exposed and unexposed to recent PRBC transfusion were included. Thirteen studies met eligibility criteria, and 10 (n=15,675 infants) were included in the meta-analysis. Three authors independently extracted data, and meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model. Results: We found a statistically significant 45% reduction in the unadjusted odds of NEC in infants exposed to a recent PRBC transfusion (odds ratio=0.55, 95% confidence interval=0.31–0.98). Conclusion: Our results show a protective effect of recent PRBC transfusion on the subsequent development of NEC. The practice of withholding enteral feeds during the peri-transfusion period should be re-evaluated in light of these results.

scholarly journals Does chronotherapy for essential hypertension matter by class? A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyu Kuang ◽  
Yunlin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Great Decrease ◽  
Quantitative Review ◽  
Receptor Blockers ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Review Manager

Objectives The study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of chronotherapy of hypertension with different medications monotherapy or a combination compared with traditional regimens Methods Three databases including PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library were searched, from the inception of each database to 10 April 2020. The Review Manager 5.4 was adopted for meta-analyses and subgroup analyses. The blood pressure delta (Δ) was used as mean of differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and the estimated effect for events estimates the 95% CIs for frequency of events. The adults with essential hypertension were treated with chronotherapy and traditional regimens. Results Twenty-eight RCTs, recruiting 1865 patients in bedtime/evening dosing and 1867 in awakening/morning dosing, were enrolled in this quantitative review. Meta-analysis showed no significant differences for overall drug-related AEs (RR=0.81, P=0.17; I2=41%), but an obvious reduction of risk for overall withdrawals (RR=0.52, P=0.005; I2=0.0%) with bedtime dosing. No statistically significant differences were noted for clinic BP and diurnal BP, but 24-hour (48-hour) BP, nocturnal BP, morning BP, and non-dippers (%) showed obvious reductions, statistically. By class, there existed different efficacy between 2 administrations, with great decrease in nocturnal BP control and changes in circadian rhythm with RAAS blockers monotherapy, but an all-day control of BP for CCBs and diuretics. With regard to a combination, no significant differences in BP management were detected and the data about beta-receptor blockers were limited. Conclusions The safety and efficacy of chronotherapy in antihypertensive drugs might be based on the classes.

scholarly journals EXPRESS: Stroke risk following traumatic brain injury: systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 174749302110042
Author(s):  
Grace Mary Turner ◽  
Christel McMullan ◽  
Olalekan Lee Aiyegbusi ◽  
Danai Bem ◽  
Tom Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Vitamin K Antagonists ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Aims To investigate the association between TBI and stroke risk. Summary of review We undertook a systematic review of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and The Cochrane Library from inception to 4th December 2020. We used random-effects meta-analysis to pool hazard ratios (HR) for studies which reported stroke risk post-TBI compared to controls. Searches identified 10,501 records; 58 full texts were assessed for eligibility and 18 met the inclusion criteria. The review included a large sample size of 2,606,379 participants from four countries. Six studies included a non-TBI control group, all found TBI patients had significantly increased risk of stroke compared to controls (pooled HR 1.86; 95% CI 1.46-2.37). Findings suggest stroke risk may be highest in the first four months post-TBI, but remains significant up to five years post-TBI. TBI appears to be associated with increased stroke risk regardless of severity or subtype of TBI. There was some evidence to suggest an association between reduced stroke risk post-TBI and Vitamin K antagonists and statins, but increased stroke risk with certain classes of antidepressants. Conclusion TBI is an independent risk factor for stroke, regardless of TBI severity or type. Post-TBI review and management of risk factors for stroke may be warranted.

scholarly journals Lumbar Roll Usage While Sitting Reduces the Forward Head Posture in Healthy Individuals: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5171
Author(s):  
Yusuke Handa ◽  
Kenya Okada ◽  
Hiroshi Takasaki
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Grade System ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Forward Head Posture ◽  
Quality Of Evidence ◽  
Head Posture ◽  
Head Extension ◽  
The Cochrane Library

This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated whether the use of a lumbar roll reduced forward head posture (FHP) while sitting among individuals with or without musculoskeletal disorders. EMBASE, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched from their inception to August 2020. The quality of evidence for variables used in the meta-analysis was determined using the GRADE system. Five studies satisfied the criteria for data analysis. All studies included individuals without any spinal symptoms. Data from five studies on neck angle showed a statistically significant (p = 0.02) overall effect (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.77), indicating a lesser neck flexion angle while sitting with a lumbar roll than without it. Data from two studies on head angle showed a statistically significant (p = 0.04) overall effect (SMD = 0.47), indicating a lesser head extension angle while sitting with a lumbar roll than without it. In each meta-analysis, the quality of evidence was very low in the GRADE system. The use of a lumbar roll while sitting reduced FHP among individuals without spinal symptoms.

447 What Age is Best to Perform Myringoplasty?

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Wilks ◽  
R Mcleod ◽  
V Unadkat
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Prisma Statement ◽  
Transitional Point ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Abstract Aim This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess this relationship and determine the most appropriate age for recommendation of surgery. Method According to the “Preferred Reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis” (PRISMA) statement, a literature search was performed across Medline, EMBASE and the Cochrane library from 1946-2018. Articles examining a relationship between age and myringoplasty or type 1 tympanoplasty success rates were screened. Results 20 articles encompassing data from 2244 procedures were included. The overall results conveyed a clear correlation between increasing age and rising success rate. A t-test was conducted which demonstrated a significant (P = 0.05) transition at aged 10, whereby success rate below age 10 was 70.6% and above 10 was 86%. Conclusions This systematic review and meta-analysis has uncovered a clear correlation between increasing age and increasing success rate for myringoplasty in the paediatric population. Furthermore, a significant transitional point has been demonstrated at the age of 10 and We hope that knowledge of increased success rates particularly after the age of 10 helps clinicians make more informed decisions about when to operate

scholarly journals Traditional Chinese Herb Combined with Surgery versus Surgery for Varicocele Infertility: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong-liang Dun ◽  
Min Yao ◽  
Long Yang ◽  
Xue-jun Cui ◽  
Jian-min Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Chinese Herb ◽  
Chinese Herbs ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Dichotomous Data ◽  
Surgery Group ◽  
Traditional Chinese Herb ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Objective. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review to assess the effectiveness and safety of traditional Chinese herb combined with surgery for male varicocele infertility compared to surgery.Methods. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) data of traditional Chinese herbs combined with surgery for male varicocele fertility versus surgery were collected by searching the Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, and Chinese databases. The risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane Handbook. Study outcomes were presented as risk ratios (RRs) for dichotomous data.Results. Seventeen of 72 potentially relevant trials met the inclusion criteria. The methodological qualities of the RCTs were low. Compared with the surgery group, the traditional Chinese herb combined with surgery group had superiority in pregnancy rate at 3-month (RR=1.76, andP=0.008), 6-month (RR=1.58, andP=0.0005), and 2-year (RR=1.58, andP=0.0005) follow-ups. No RCT was found to describe the side effects.Conclusion. On considering the low methodological quality of RCTs, there was no enough evidence on traditional Chinese herb with surgery for male varicocele infertility, and more high-quality RCTs of large sample sizes are required.

Intelligence Quotient Outcome Following Epilepsy Surgery in Pediatric Age – A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alferes AR ◽  
◽  
Oliveiros B ◽  
Pereira C ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intelligence Quotient ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Pediatric Epilepsy ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Meta Regression ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Intelligence Development

There is a deep-rooted correlation between refractory epilepsy in pediatric age and intelligence development. However, little is known about whether surgical procedures used in pediatric epilepsy treatment can affect Intelligence Quotient (IQ) or not. Factors that might influence postoperative IQ are also a matter of study in several articles. To tackle these issues, a systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted with the terms “epilepsy”, “epileptic”, “surgery”, “surgical”, “Wechsler Scale” and “intelligence tests” in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE and Clinical Trials.gov. A descriptive data synthesis was carried out to address each of the objectives and then a metaanalysis using a random effects model was conducted. A meta-regression was performed to ascertain possible factors that could influence postoperative IQ. The meta-analysis of the studies included found a mean difference between postoperative and preoperative full-scale IQ values of 1.014 standardized points (p < 0.001). Among all the articles regarding curative surgeries, only three reported an overall significant improvement in IQ after surgery. Regarding palliative procedures, both studies with anterior corpus callosotomy reported a significant improvement in full-scale IQ values two years after surgery. The meta-regression performed did not find any predictors of change in full-scale IQ.

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