scholarly journals MRI Staging in Locally Advanced Vulvar Cancer: From Anatomy to Clinico-Radiological Findings. A Multidisciplinary VulCan Team Point of View

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1219
Author(s):  
Benedetta Gui ◽  
Salvatore Persiani ◽  
Maura Miccò ◽  
Vincenza Pignatelli ◽  
Elena Rodolfino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Vulvar Cancer ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Imaging Protocol ◽  
Mri Staging ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics

MR imaging provides excellent spatial and contrast resolution to stage locally advanced vulvar cancer (LAVC) for tumor and nodal evaluation in order to facilitate the planning of treatment. Although there are no standard indications for how to estimate the clinical stage of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics at diagnosis, MR imaging can depict the tumor and its extension to the vulvar region and adjacent organs, such as the vagina, urethra, and anus. Optimizing the MR imaging protocol and technique is fundamental for correct staging. The aim of this overview was to focus on the role of MR imaging in LAVC staging. We define vulvar anatomy and corresponding MR imaging findings, MR imaging protocol, and technique. Moreover, we describe the MR imaging findings of LAVC with example cases stage by stage. Key imaging findings based on signal intensity, diffusion restriction, and enhancement are portrayed to correctly identify and stage vulvar cancer. A structured report for LAVC staging is reported in order to give all necessary information to the clinicians and to facilitate MR imaging comprehension.

scholarly journals Intra-Abdominal Testicular Seminoma in a Woman with Testicular Feminization Syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Darshana D. Rasalkar ◽  
Bhawan K. Paunipagar ◽  
Alex Ng ◽  
Fernand M. Lai ◽  
Shalini Jain Bagaria
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Testicular Tumor ◽  
Primary Amenorrhea ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Testicular Feminization ◽  
Testicular Seminoma ◽  
Chief Complaints ◽  
Sex Cord Stromal Tumor

We report a case of intra-abdominal testicular tumor in a 36-year-old married lady presenting with chief complaints of primary amenorrhea. The patient was later diagnosed with testicular feminization syndrome, a form of male pseudohermaphroditism. This testicular tumor was histologically proven as seminoma. Due to rarity, imaging findings in patients with testicular feminization syndrome and intraabdominal testicular tumor have been poorly documented. So far, only one case report had described the combined role of CT and MR imaging in intraabdominal testicular sex-cord stromal tumor. To our knowledge, this case is first to document USG and MR imaging in addition to MR spectroscopy features in intraabdominal testicular seminoma.

scholarly journals MRI versus clinical assessment in staging and response evaluation in locally advanced cervix cancer patients treated with concurrent chemo-radiation in a tertiary cancer center: a prospective study

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 392
Author(s):  
Aravindh Sivanandan Anand ◽  
Mintu Mathew Abraham ◽  
Vipin George Kuriakose
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Cervix Cancer ◽  
External Beam Radiation ◽  
Carcinoma Cervix ◽  
Figo Staging ◽  
Mri Staging ◽  
Kappa Value

Background: Carcinoma cervix is staged most commonly with FIGO staging even though it has a number of pitfalls, for standardization of treatment and epidemiological purpose. The objectives of this prospective study are to evaluate the role of MRI in staging of locally advanced cervix cancer and correlate with the FIGO staging and to assess the role of MRI in evaluating treatment response.Methods: 58 biopsy proved locally advanced carcinoma cervix patients who satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria from January 2014 to October 2015 were recruited. After the standard pretreatment evaluation including MRI abdomen and pelvis patients were started on concurrent chemo-radiation. Pelvic External beam radiation (EBRT) to a dose of 45Gy/23 fractions for a period of 4.5 weeks with cisplatin 40mg/m2 weekly once. Followed by intracavitary brachytherapy HDR weekly once 7Gy/fraction x 3 fractions. Treatment response assessed as per RECIST criteria. As a part of follow up, three monthly clinical evaluation and 4-6 months MRI evaluation were done.Results: Agreement between MRI and clinical stage was evaluated by calculating the kappa value as the measure of agreement. The kappa value obtained was 0.18 which showed poor agreement between the two, while comparing clinical and MRI assessment with regard to treatment response, the kappa value obtained was 0.08 signifying poor agreement.Conclusions: Correlation of FIGO and MRI staging reveals significant discordance between the two and on further evaluation it is seen that MRI staging correlates well with the local recurrence of the disease.

Role of Recent Advances of Diffusion Weighted MRI in Assessment of Therapeutic Response of Rectal Cancer

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasser Ali Mohamed ◽  
Ahmed Abdel Aziz Abo Zeid ◽  
Enas Ahmed Azab ◽  
Rasha Salah ElDin Hussein ◽  
Mona Ahmed Abo EL-ELa Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Neoadjuvant Treatment ◽  
Response Monitoring ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Adc Values

Abstract Aim of the work The purpose of this study is to determine the role of DWI-MRI in the pretreatment prediction and early response monitoring to neoadjuvant treatment in rectal cancer. Materials and Methods The study included 24 patients with pathologically proven cancer rectum and who were subjected to neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy. Each patient was imaged twice on an MRI machine; a base line pre neoadjuvant treatment and 8 weeks after finishing the neoadjuvant treatment. We focused on the feasibility of DWI as well as the morphological changes according to size (maximum craniocaudal dimension).Conventional sequences were viewed first to identify the lesion and measure its size (maximum craniocaudal dimension) then DWI images were viewed. The ADC parameter was calculated. Results were compared before and after neoadjuvant therapy. Results The ADC values before and after NACT were significantly higher in the responder group, suggesting that ADC values might be useful in assessing the good response before surgery. Conclusion In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that adding DW MR imaging to conventional MR imaging yields better diagnostic accuracy than use of conventional MR imaging alone in the evaluation of treatment response to neoadjuvant CRT in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.

Implications of the new FIGO staging and the role of imaging in cercal cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 20201342
Author(s):  
Aki Kido ◽  
Yuji Nakamoto
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Tumour Size ◽  
Staging System ◽  
Cancer Staging ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Figo Staging ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Clinical Background

International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging, which is the fundamentally important cancer staging system for cervical cancer, has changed in 2018. New FIGO staging includes considerable progress in the incorporation of imaging findings for tumour size measurement and evaluating lymph node (LN) metastasis in addition to tumour extent evaluation. MRI with high spatial resolution is expected for tumour size measurements and the high accuracy of positron emmision tomography/CT for LN evaluation. The purpose of this review is firstly review the diagnostic ability of each imaging modality with the clinical background of those two factors newly added and the current state for LN evaluation. Secondly, we overview the fundamental imaging findings with characteristics of modalities and sequences in MRI for accurate diagnosis depending on the focus to be evaluated and for early detection of recurrent tumour. In addition, the role of images in treatment response and prognosis prediction is given with the development of recent technique of image analysis including radiomics and deep learning.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF IMAGING TECHNIQUES IN DIAGNOSING CAUSES OF VERTIGO

2018 ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
A. S. Zhorina ◽  
T. N. Trofimova
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Peripheral Vertigo

Vertigo and dizziness are among the most common complaints prompting a large number of imaging investigations. Causes of central and peripheral vertigo are very diverse but some of them present with typical imaging findings. In this paper we review a number of etiologies of vertigo and describe relevant CT and MR imaging findings.

scholarly journals A prospective study on the role of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy on surgical outcome in resectable oesophageal carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hrishikesh Deka ◽  
Bhabesh Kumar Das ◽  
Rajiv Paul ◽  
Supriyo Majumdar
Keyword(s):  
Oesophageal Cancer ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy ◽  
Oesophageal Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Burden ◽  
R0 Resection ◽  
Oesophagogastric Junction ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Initial results of the chemo-radiotherapy for oesophageal cancer followed by surgery study (CROSS) comparing neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) plus surgery versus surgery alone in patients with squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus or oesophagogastric junction showed a significant increase in 5-year overall survival in favour of the NACRT plus surgery group after a median of 45 months' follow-up. In this study we will interpret the short-term results of NACRT on resectable, locally advanced oesophageal carcinoma.Methods: Patients with clinically resectable, locally advanced cancer of the oesophagus or oesophagogastric junction (clinical stage T1N1M0 or T2-3N0-1M0, according to the AJCC, 8th  edition) were assigned to receive weekly administration of four cycles of NACRT (intravenous carboplatin [AUC 2 mg/mL per min] and intravenous paclitaxel [50 mg/m 2 of body-surface area] for 23 days) with concurrent radiotherapy (41·4 Gy, given in 23 fractions of 1·8 Gy on 5 days per week) followed by McKeown’s oesophagectomy from 01 January, 2020 to 31 May, 2021.Results: It was observed in our study that 38.46% patients had achieved a CPR after the administration of NACRT as per the CROSS-trial protocol which is comparable to PCR achieved in CROSS trial (29%). All the patients underwent an R0 resection during surgery (100%) which is comparable to CROSS trial (92%).12Conclusions: In our study which had collected data over a period of 17 months we learnt that the administration of NACRT in locally advanced oesophageal cancer was effective in reducing the tumor burden and achieving a satisfactory CPR of 38.46%.

The Role of Advanced MR Imaging Findings as Biomarkers of Traumatic Brain Injury

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhifeng Kou ◽  
Zhen Wu ◽  
Karen A. Tong ◽  
Barbara Holshouser ◽  
Randall R. Benson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Imaging Findings

MR imaging of locally advanced low rectal cancer: Relationships between imaging findings and the pathological tumor regression grade

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 421-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinya Fujii ◽  
Stephanie Nougaret ◽  
Laure Escal ◽  
David Azria ◽  
Eric Assenat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Tumor Regression ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Low Rectal Cancer ◽  
Tumor Regression Grade ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Regression Grade

scholarly journals Role of chemotherapy in the management of locally advanced carcinoma cervix

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 3275
Author(s):  
Huma Firdaus ◽  
Ayanat Husain
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Carcinoma Cervix ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Advanced Carcinoma ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Radiotherapy Group ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Response To Chemotherapy

Background: This study was undertaken to evaluate role of chemotherapy in the management of locally advanced carcinoma cervix in J.N. Medical College Hospital, A.M.U. Aligarh.Methods: A total of 50 cases were studied. 25 cases received radiotherapy alone or surgery followed by radiotherapy. In remaining 25 cases, 18 patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery or radiotherapy where as seven patients out of 25 received concurrent chemo-radiation. SPSS software was used for data analysis.Results: Mean age of patient was 51.5 years. Majority of patients (60%) were in FIGO clinical stage IIB followed by stage IIIB (20%), stage IVA (12%) and stage IIA (8%). Out of 25 patients receiving chemotherapy, 68% showed CR whereas 20% showed PR, 4% showed minimal response and 8%showed PD while on chemotherapy. In radiotherapy group, CR was found in 56% and PR in 36% of cases.8% of patients showed PD while on radiotherapy. Patients with stage IIB disease showed best response with CR in 70% and PR in 16.66% cases. 6.66% of patients showed SD and 6.66% showed PD while on therapy. 55.55% of patients with SCC showed CR and 33.33% showed PR. In adenocarcinoma, CR was seen in 100% cases. In adenosquamous carcinoma, 66.66% showed CR whereas 33.33% showed PR. 61.9% of well differentiated carcinoma showed CR and 28.57% showed PR. 4.76% showed SD and 4.76% showed PD. 58.33% of moderately differentiated carcinoma showed CR, 37.5% showed PR and 4.17% showed SD. 20% of poorly differentiated carcinoma showed CR, 60% showed PR and PD was seen in 20%cases. Patients with bulkly tumours in present study, irrespective of their response to chemotherapy, appeared to have worse prognosis than patients with more advanced pelvic disease. These findings suggest that the biology of bulky stage lb, IIa & IIb disease may be more aggressive than that of more extensive locally advanced disease.Conclusions: Chemotherapy can be considered as an adjuvant to available modalities of treatment, like surgery or radiotherapy, to improve the overall survival of cancer cervix patients.

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