Stimulation of the Migration and Expansion of Adult Mouse Neural Stem Cells by the FPR2-Specific Peptide WKYMVm

Neural stem cells (NSCs) are multipotent cells capable of self-renewal and differentiation into different nervous system cells. Mouse NSCs (mNSCs) are useful tools for studying neurogenesis and the therapeutic applications of neurodegenerative diseases in mammals. Formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2), expressed in the central nervous system and brain, is involved in the migration and differentiation of murine embryonic-derived NSCs. In this study, we explored the effect of FPR2 activation in adult mNSCs using the synthetic peptide Trp-Lys-Tyr-Met-Val-D-Met-NH2 (WKYMVm), an agonist of FPR2. After isolation of NSCs from the subventricular zone of the adult mouse brain, they were cultured in two culture systems—neurospheres or adherent monolayers—to demonstrate the expression of NSC markers and phenotypes. Under different conditions, mNSCs differentiated into neurons and glial cells such as astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes. Treatment with WKYMVm stimulated the chemotactic migration of mNSCs. Moreover, WKYMVm-treated mNSCs were found to promote proliferation; this result was confirmed by the expansion of mNSCs in Matrigel and the increase in the number of Ki67-positive cells. Incubation of mNSCs with WKYMVm in a supplement-free medium enhanced the survival rate of the mNSCs. Together, these results suggest that WKYMVm-induced activation of FPR2 stimulates cellular responses in adult NSCs.

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Neural Stem Cells to Glial Cells an Important Factor for Brain Injury

Journal of Regenerative Biology and Medicine ◽

10.37191/mapsci-2582-385x-2(3)-025 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Prithiv K R Kumar

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Neural Stem Cells ◽

Glial Cells ◽

Brain Injuries ◽

The Body ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Near Future

Stem cells have the capacity to differentiate into any type of cell or organ. Stems cell originate from any part of the body, including the brain. Brain cells or rather neural stem cells have the capacitive advantage of differentiating into the central nervous system leading to the formation of neurons and glial cells. Neural stem cells should have a source by editing DNA, or by mixings chemical enzymes of iPSCs. By this method, a limitless number of neuron stem cells can be obtained. Increase in supply of NSCs help in repairing glial cells which in-turn heal the central nervous system. Generally, brain injuries cause motor and sensory deficits leading to stroke. With all trials from novel therapeutic methods to enhanced rehabilitation time, the economy and quality of life is suppressed. Only PSCs have proven effective for grafting cells into NSCs. Neurons derived from stem cells is the only challenge that limits in-vitro usage in the near future.

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TGF-beta in neural stem cells and in tumors of the central nervous system

Cell and Tissue Research ◽

10.1007/s00441-007-0466-7 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 331 (1) ◽

pp. 225-241 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

Ludwig Aigner ◽

Ulrich Bogdahn

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Neural Stem Cells ◽

Tgf Beta ◽

The Central Nervous System

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MicroRNA Signature in Human Normal and Tumoral Neural Stem Cells

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms20174123 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (17) ◽

pp. 4123 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Diana ◽

Gaido ◽

Murtas

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Neural Stem Cells ◽

Mature Mirnas ◽

Human Species ◽

Cellular Context ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Non Coding Rnas ◽

Insight Into

MicroRNAs, also called miRNAs or simply miR-, represent a unique class of non-coding RNAs that have gained exponential interest during recent years because of their determinant involvement in regulating the expression of several genes. Despite the increasing number of mature miRNAs recognized in the human species, only a limited proportion is engaged in the ontogeny of the central nervous system (CNS). miRNAs also play a pivotal role during the transition of normal neural stem cells (NSCs) into tumor-forming NSCs. More specifically, extensive studies have identified some shared miRNAs between NSCs and neural cancer stem cells (CSCs), namely miR-7, -124, -125, -181 and miR-9, -10, -130. In the context of NSCs, miRNAs are intercalated from embryonic stages throughout the differentiation pathway in order to achieve mature neuronal lineages. Within CSCs, under a different cellular context, miRNAs perform tumor suppressive or oncogenic functions that govern the homeostasis of brain tumors. This review will draw attention to the most characterizing studies dealing with miRNAs engaged in neurogenesis and in the tumoral neural stem cell context, offering the reader insight into the power of next generation miRNA-targeted therapies against brain malignances.

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