scholarly journals A Review of Non-Soil Biochar Applications

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattia Bartoli ◽  
Mauro Giorcelli ◽  
Pravin Jagdale ◽  
Massimo Rovere ◽  
Alberto Tagliaferro
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Material Science ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Thermal Cracking ◽  
Solid Residue ◽  
Free Atmosphere ◽  
General Overview ◽  
Catalyst Production

Biochar is the solid residue that is recovered after the thermal cracking of biomasses in an oxygen-free atmosphere. Biochar has been used for many years as a soil amendment and in general soil applications. Nonetheless, biochar is far more than a mere soil amendment. In this review, we report all the non-soil applications of biochar including environmental remediation, energy storage, composites, and catalyst production. We provide a general overview of the recent uses of biochar in material science, thus presenting this cheap and waste-derived material as a high value-added and carbonaceous source.

Advanced Carbon Materials: Base of 21st Century Scientific Innovations in Chemical, Polymer, Sensing and Energy Engineering

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ikram ◽  
Ali Raza ◽  
Khurram Shahzad ◽  
Ali Haider ◽  
Junaid Haider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Material Science ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Carbon Allotrope ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Hierarchical Carbon ◽  
Energy Engineering

Advance carbon material that includes graphene, fullerenes, hierarchical carbon, and CNTs are referred to as strength of revolution and advancement in the era of material science and technology. In general, 20th century corresponds to plastic meanwhile 21st century will be named as “Century of Graphene” owing to its exceptional physical properties. Graphene is now well-known and prominent 2D carbon allotrope that is considered as multipurpose material in comparison with any material discovered on earth. One of the interesting properties of graphene is strongest and lightest material that enables it to conduct electricity and heat as compared to any other material. Such features permit it to utilize in numerous applications including biosensors, electronic industry, environmental remediation, drug delivery, energy storage, and production as well. Owing to these capabilities, it can be stated that graphene can be utilized to improve effectiveness and performance of existing substances and materials. In the future, conjugation of graphene with other 2D material will be devolved to produce further remarkable compounds that make it appropriate for an extensive variety of applications. This chapter grants the utilization and applications of advanced carbons materials in chemical, polymer, sensing and energy enegineering.

scholarly journals VALORIZATION AND TREATMENT OF OILY WASTEWATERSFROM AGRO-INDUSTRIESUSING LIPASES: AN OVERVIEW

2020 ◽  
pp. 199-219
Author(s):  
Mulinari Jéssica ◽  
Júnior Afonso Henrique da Silva ◽  
Oliveira Carlos Rafael Silva de ◽  
Júnior Francisco Wilson Reichert
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Environmental Liabilities ◽  
General Overview ◽  
Oil Fraction ◽  
Antioxidant Agents

Oily wastewater from agro-industries can cause severe environmental and public health damages if unproperly treated. The conventional methods have several limitations for the treatment of oily wastewaters since the oil fraction can cause pipe clogging and biomass washout during the biological step. Based on this, the use of lipases can increase the oil removal efficiency of the treatments, minimizing operational problems,and improving the performance of the biological process. Lipases can also be used for the valorization of the oily wastewaters, transforming these waste streams intovaluable compounds, such as biodiesel, lubricants, antioxidant agents, etc. The use of wastes for the production of value-added compounds followsthe circular economy approach, minimizing the generation of residues and potential environmental liabilities. Thus, this study aims to give a general overview of themain topics related to thetreatment and valorization of oily wastewaters using lipases. The main characteristics of oily wastewaters from agro-industries areaddressed, as well as the most used conventional techniques for their treatment. Some relevant information about the enzyme lipaseisalso discussed to give the reader a background about how these enzymes can be applied for the treatment and transformation of oily wastes.

Nitrogen-Enriched Carbon Nanofiber Aerogels Derived from Marine Chitin for Energy Storage and Environmental Remediation

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beibei Ding ◽  
Shasha Huang ◽  
Kai Pang ◽  
Yongxin Duan ◽  
Jianming Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Carbon Nanofiber

Conjugated porous polymers: incredibly versatile materials with far-reaching applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 3981-4042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic Taylor ◽  
Scott J. Dalgarno ◽  
Zhengtao Xu ◽  
Filipe Vilela
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Chemical Sensing ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Gas Storage ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Porous Polymers ◽  
Photo Catalysis

This review discusses conjugated porous polymers and focuses on relating design principles and synthetic methods to key properties and applications such as (photo)catalysis, gas storage, chemical sensing, energy storage and environmental remediation.

scholarly journals Agro-Industrial Avocado (Persea americana) Waste Biorefinery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Mora-Sandí ◽  
Abigail Ramírez-González ◽  
Luis Castillo-Henríquez ◽  
Mary Lopretti-Correa ◽  
José Roberto Vega-Baudrit
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Biological Conversion ◽  
Medical Material ◽  
Value Added Products

Significant problems have arisen in the last years, such as climate change, global warming, and hunger. These complications are correlated with the depletion and exploitation of natural resources and environmental contamination. Due to overcrowding, the list of challenges for the next few years is growing. A comprehensive approach was made to the agro-industrial production of Avocado (Persea americana) and the management of all its biomass waste. So, bioprocesses and biorefinery can be used to produce high added-value products. A large number of residues are composed of lignin and cellulose. They have many potentials to be exploited sustainably for chemical and biological conversion; physical, chemical, and natural treatments improve the following operations. There are some applications to many fields such as pharmaceutical, medical, material engineering, and environmental remediation. Possible pathways are mentioned to take advantage of Avocado as biofuels, drugs, bioplastics, and even in the environmental part and emerging technologies such as nanotechnology using bioprocesses and biotech. In conclusion, Avocado and its waste could be transformed into high value-added products in industries above to mitigate global warming and save non-renewable energy.

Mushroom Cultivation, Processing and Value-added Products: A Patent Based Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somya Singhal ◽  
Prasad Rasane ◽  
Sawinder Kaur ◽  
Umar Garba ◽  
Jyoti Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Edible Mushrooms ◽  
Mushroom Cultivation ◽  
Processing Equipment ◽  
General Overview ◽  
Edible Fungus ◽  
Cultivation Practices ◽  
Nutraceutical Properties ◽  
Made In ◽  
Value Added Products

Background: Edible mushrooms are an abundant source of carbohydrates, proteins, and multiple antioxidants and phytonutrients. This paper presents a general overview on the edible fungus describing the inventions made in the field of its cultivation, equipment and value-added products. </P><P> Objective: To understand and review the innovations and nutraceutical benefits of mushrooms as well as to develop interest regarding the edible mushrooms. </P><P> Methods: Information provided in this review is based on the available research investigations and patents. </P><P> Result: Mushrooms are an edible source of a wide variety of antioxidants and phytonutrients with a number of nutraceutical properties including anti-tumor and anti-carcinogenic. Thus, several investigations are made for cultivation and improvement of the yield of mushrooms through improvisation of growth substrates and equipment used for mushroom processing. The mushroom has been processed into various products to increase its consumption, providing the health and nutritional benefit to mankind. </P><P> Conclusion: This paper summarizes the cultivation practices of mushroom, its processing equipment, methods of preservation, value-added based products, and its nutraceutical properties. The review also highlights the various scientific feats achieved in terms of patents and research publications promoting mushroom as a wholesome food.

scholarly journals NaA zeolite derived from blast furnace slag: its application for ammonium removal

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 1140-1149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongwei Guo ◽  
Lizhen Tang ◽  
Bingji Yan ◽  
Kang Wan ◽  
Peng Li
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Ammonium Ion ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Naa Zeolite ◽  
Bf Slag

In this paper, high value added NaA zeolite material was prepared from blast furnace (BF) slag by hydrothermal method and its adsorption behavior on the removal of ammonium ion was investigated. It was found out that the synthetic NaA cubic zeolite with smaller crystal size obtained at nSiO2/nAl2O3 = 2 and nH2O/nNaOH = 20 showed better adsorption performance. The kinetics of the adsorption of ammonium ion by synthesized NaA zeolite was fitted by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The intra-particle diffusion modeling reveals that two mixed rate-controlling mechanisms were involved in the adsorption process. The relatively high value of activation energy of 92.3 kJ·mol−1 indicates a high impact of temperature on the adsorption rate, and the nature of ammonium adsorption is chemical reaction rather than physisorption. Based on the thermodynamics calculations, the adsorption of ammonium was found to be an endothermic, spontaneous process. The adsorption isothermal analysis showed that the Langmuir model could be well fitted and a maximum adsorption capacity of 83.3 mg·g−1 of NH4+ was obtained. Thus, it was demonstrated that by forming low cost NaA zeolite and using it for environmental remediation, the synchronous minimization of BF slag and ammonia nitrogen contamination could be achieved.

scholarly journals Techno-Cost-Benefit Analysis of Biogas Production from Industrial Cassava Starch Wastewater in Thailand for Optimal Utilization with Energy Storage

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 416
Author(s):  
Chatree Wattanasilp ◽  
Roongrojana Songprakorp ◽  
Annop Nopharatana ◽  
Charoenchai Khompatraporn
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Utilization Pathway ◽  
Availability Assessment

This paper applied the optimization model of the biogas utilization pathway with the biogas utilization availability assessment to examine the effect of biogas system parameters on biogas utilization. The model analyzes the biogas utilization pathway availability and maximum profit to value added and productivity in biogas from industry wastewater in Thailand. The results showed that profit and availability of biogas utilization reduce biogas loss to flare, that it entails several conversion processes. The scenario for the biogas utilization pathway and storage with biogas production technology improves. Evaluated are operation time, waste and energy demand to the cassava starch usage during the production for 50–1000 tons per day. Five mature biogas production technologies were benchmarked evaluated based on the chemical oxygen demand removal efficiency and biogas yields. Subsequently, low-, medium-, and high-pressure storages and a battery storage were considered and discussed in this paper as suitable energy storage for each desired biogas plant operation. Five biogas utilization pathways, including converting biogas into thermal energy, generating electricity, and upgrading biogas to compressed biogas, were then compared. Those improved options in the scenario select suitable biogas technologies, storage, and application for value-added, reduce the environmental problems and renewable energy production from wastewater.

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