scholarly journals Thermoelectric Performance of Mechanically Mixed BixSb2-xTe3—ABS Composites

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1706
Author(s):  
Zacharias Viskadourakis ◽  
Argiri Drymiskianaki ◽  
Vassilis M. Papadakis ◽  
Ioanna Ioannou ◽  
Theodora Kyratsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Thermoelectric Performance ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Bismuth Antimony Telluride ◽  
Mechanical Mixing ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Bi Doping

In the current study, polymer-based composites, consisting of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) and Bismuth Antimony Telluride (BixSb2−xTe3), were produced using mechanical mixing and hot pressing. These composites were investigated regarding their electrical resistivity and Seebeck coefficient, with respect to Bi doping and BixSb2-xTe3 loading into the composite. Experimental results showed that their thermoelectric performance is comparable—or even superior, in some cases—to reported thermoelectric polymer composites that have been produced using other complex techniques. Consequently, mechanically mixed polymer-based thermoelectric materials could be an efficient method for low-cost and large-scale production of polymer composites for potential thermoelectric applications.

scholarly journals Extensive Screening of Green Solvents for Safe and Sustainable UiO-66 Synthesis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diletta Morelli Venturi ◽  
Filippo Campana ◽  
Fabio Marmottini ◽  
Ferdinando Costantino ◽  
Luigi Vaccaro
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Dimethyl Formamide ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Green Solvents ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Color Code ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Metal Organic

<p>Zirconium based Metal-Organic Framework UiO-66 is to date considered one of the benchmark compound among stable MOFs and it has attracted a huge attention for its employment in many strategic applications. Large scale production of UiO-66 for industrial purposes requires the use of safe and green solvents, fulfilling the green chemistry principles and able to replace the use of <i>N,N</i>-Dimethyl-Formamide (DMF), which, despite its toxicity, is still considered the most efficient solvent for obtaining UiO-66 of high quality. Herein we report on a survey of about 40 different solvents with different polarity, boiling point and acidity, used for the laboratory scale synthesis of high quality UiO-66 crystals. The solvents were chosen according the European REACH Regulation 1907/2006 among those having low cost, low toxicity and fully biodegradable. Concerning MOF synthesis, the relevant parameters chosen for establishing the quality of the results obtained are the degree are the crystallinity, microporosity and specific surface area, yield and solvent recyclability. Taking into account also the chemical physical properties of all the solvents, a color code was assigned in order to give a final green assessment for the UiO-66 synthesis. Defectivity of the obtained products, the use of acidic modulators and the use of alternative Zr-salts have been also taken into consideration. Preliminary results lead to conclude that GVL (γ-valerolactone) is among the most promising solvents for replacing DMF in UiO-66 MOF synthesis. </p>

scholarly journals Low-cost Large Scale Vermicompost Unit

2021 ◽  
Vol 2115 (1) ◽  
pp. 012026
Author(s):  
Sonam Solanki ◽  
Gunendra Mahore
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Key Innovation ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Term Maintenance

Abstract In the current process of producing vermicompost on a large-scale, the main challenge is to keep the worms alive. This is achieved by maintaining temperature and moisture in their living medium. It is a difficult task to maintain these parameters throughout the process. Currently, this is achieved by building infrastructure but this method requires a large initial investment and long-run maintenance. Also, these methods are limited to small-scale production. For large-scale production, a unit is developed which utilises natural airflow with water and automation. The main aim of this unit is to provide favourable conditions to worms in large-scale production with very low investment and minimum maintenance in long term. The key innovation of this research is that the technology used in the unit should be practical and easy to adopt by small farmers. For long-term maintenance of the technology lesser number of parts are used.

scholarly journals Extensive Screening of Green Solvents for Safe and Sustainable UiO-66 Synthesis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diletta Morelli Venturi ◽  
Filippo Campana ◽  
Fabio Marmottini ◽  
Ferdinando Costantino ◽  
Luigi Vaccaro
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Dimethyl Formamide ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Green Solvents ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Color Code ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Metal Organic

<p>Zirconium based Metal-Organic Framework UiO-66 is to date considered one of the benchmark compound among stable MOFs and it has attracted a huge attention for its employment in many strategic applications. Large scale production of UiO-66 for industrial purposes requires the use of safe and green solvents, fulfilling the green chemistry principles and able to replace the use of <i>N,N</i>-Dimethyl-Formamide (DMF), which, despite its toxicity, is still considered the most efficient solvent for obtaining UiO-66 of high quality. Herein we report on a survey of about 40 different solvents with different polarity, boiling point and acidity, used for the laboratory scale synthesis of high quality UiO-66 crystals. The solvents were chosen according the European REACH Regulation 1907/2006 among those having low cost, low toxicity and fully biodegradable. Concerning MOF synthesis, the relevant parameters chosen for establishing the quality of the results obtained are the degree are the crystallinity, microporosity and specific surface area, yield and solvent recyclability. Taking into account also the chemical physical properties of all the solvents, a color code was assigned in order to give a final green assessment for the UiO-66 synthesis. Defectivity of the obtained products, the use of acidic modulators and the use of alternative Zr-salts have been also taken into consideration. Preliminary results lead to conclude that GVL (γ-valerolactone) is among the most promising solvents for replacing DMF in UiO-66 MOF synthesis. </p>

Porous micro-spherical LiFePO4/CNT nanocomposite for high-performance Li-ion battery cathode material

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (47) ◽  
pp. 37830-37836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wei ◽  
Linlin Guo ◽  
Xiaoyang Qiu ◽  
Peng Qu ◽  
Maotian Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Performance ◽  
Cathode Material ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Li Ion Battery ◽  
Excellent Performance ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Li Ion

Although many routes have been developed that can efficiently improve the electrochemical performance of LiFePO4 cathodes, few of them meet the urgent industrial requirements of large-scale production, low cost and excellent performance.

Nanocrystalline Materials for Hybrid Photovoltaic Devices

2015 ◽  
Vol 1116 ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Tarek I.A. Mashreki ◽  
Mohammad Afzaal
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Photovoltaic Devices ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Semiconductor Nanomaterials ◽  
Inorganic Semiconductor ◽  
Thin Film Composites ◽  
Film Composites

Nanocomposites containing inorganic semiconductor nanomaterials are of tremendous interest for low-cost 3rd generation solar cells. A variety of possible materials and structures could be potentially used to reduce processing costs which is highly attractive for large scale production of solar cells. Controlling the morphology and surface chemistry of nanomaterials remains a key challenge that has major knock-on effects in devices. Herein, an attempt is made to highlight some of the challenges and the possible solutions for depositing high quality thin film composites for solar cell devices.

One-step synthesis and assembly of spindle-shaped akaganéite nanoparticles via sonochemistry

CrystEngComm ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (21) ◽  
pp. 2989-2995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weikun Chen ◽  
Pinqiang Dai ◽  
Chunfu Hong ◽  
Chan Zheng ◽  
Weiguo Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Green Method ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
One Step

We demonstrate a green method based on sonochemistry for large-scale production of akaganéite nanoparticles and assemblies in low cost.

scholarly journals Sustainable Fully Printed UV Sensors on Cork Using Zinc Oxide/Ethylcellulose Inks

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Figueira ◽  
Cristina Gaspar ◽  
José Tiago Carvalho ◽  
Joana Loureiro ◽  
Elvira Fortunato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Production Techniques ◽  
Uv Lamp ◽  
Uv Sensors ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Low-cost and large-scale production techniques for flexible electronics have evolved greatly in recent years, having great impact in applications such as wearable technology and the internet of things. In this work, we demonstrate fully screen-printed UV photodetectors, successfully fabricated at a low temperature on a cork substrate, using as the active layer a mixture of zinc oxide nanoparticles and ethylcellulose. The photoresponse under irradiation with a UV lamp with peak emission at 302 nm exhibited a quasi-quadratic behavior directly proportional to the applied voltage, with a photocurrent of about 5.5 and 20 μA when applying 1.5 V and 5 V, respectively. The dark current stayed below 150 nA, while the rise and falling times were, respectively, below 5 and 2 s for both applied voltages. The performance was stable over continuous operation and showed a degradation of only 9% after 100 bending cycles in a 45 mm radius test cylinder. These are promising results regarding the use of this type of sensor in wearable applications such as cork hats, bracelets, or bags.

scholarly journals Synthesis of polypeptides via bioinspired polymerization of in situ purified N-carboxyanhydrides

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (22) ◽  
pp. 10658-10663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyuan Song ◽  
Hailin Fu ◽  
Jiang Wang ◽  
Jingshu Hui ◽  
Tianrui Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Side Reactions ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Competing Species ◽  
Natural Protein ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Synthetic Polypeptides

Ribozymes synthesize proteins in a highly regulated local environment to minimize side reactions caused by various competing species. In contrast, it is challenging to prepare synthetic polypeptides from the polymerization of N-carboxyanhydrides (NCAs) in the presence of water and impurities, which induce monomer degradations and chain terminations, respectively. Inspired by natural protein synthesis, we herein report the preparation of well-defined polypeptides in the presence of competing species, by using a water/dichloromethane biphasic system with macroinitiators anchored at the interface. The impurities are extracted into the aqueous phase in situ, and the localized macroinitiators allow for NCA polymerization at a rate which outpaces water-induced side reactions. Our polymerization strategy streamlines the process from amino acids toward high molecular weight polypeptides with low dispersity by circumventing the tedious NCA purification and the demands for air-free conditions, enabling low-cost, large-scale production of polypeptides that has potential to change the paradigm of polypeptide-based biomaterials.

scholarly journals Biochar as a Stimulator for Germination Capacity in Seeds of Virginia Mallow (Sida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (16) ◽  
pp. 3213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogdan Saletnik ◽  
Marcin Bajcar ◽  
Grzegorz Zaguła ◽  
Aneta Saletnik ◽  
Maria Tarapatskyy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Germination Capacity ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Large Scale Production

This article presents the findings of a laboratory study investigating the stimulation and conditioning of seeds with biochar and the effects observed in the germination and emergence of Virginia mallow (Sida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby) seedlings. The study shows that biochar, applied as a conditioner added to water in the process of seed hydration, improves their germination capacity. When the processed plant material was added to water at a rate of 5 g (approx. 1250 seeds) per 100 mL, the rate of germination increased to 45.3%, and was 23.3% higher when compared to the control group, and 7.3% higher than in the seeds hydrated without biochar. The beneficial effects of biochar application were also reflected in the increased mass of Virginia mallow seedlings. The mass of seedlings increased by 73.5% compared to the control sample and by 25.9% compared to the seeds hydrated without biochar. Given the low cost of charcoal applied during the hydro-conditioning process, the material can be recommended as a conditioner in large-scale production of Virginia mallow.

Assessment of Optimized Process Quality and Reliability for Wafer Level Applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (S2) ◽  
pp. S1-S52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ennis Ogawa ◽  
Aimin Xing ◽  
David F.-S. Liao ◽  
Ten V. Y. Ten ◽  
Chong Wei Neo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
System Integration ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Wafer Level ◽  
Single Defect ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Quality And Reliability ◽  
Edge Delamination ◽  
The Cost

Fanout Wafer Level Packaging (FoWLP) is a very attractive solution for microelectronics applications requiring optimized performance, smaller form factor, and low cost. By utilizing such an approach where system integration is done to multiple chips on a single package frame, the need to ensure much higher levels of process integrity, quality, and reliability becomes absolutely critical, especially if the total product volume lies in the range of tens of millions of units. A single defect type may negate the benefits of such an approach because the cost of losing one FoWLP unit results in the loss of multiple devices. Thus, yield, quality, and reliability optimization using such a package solution is critical for successful large scale manufacturing. In this talk, the issue of defectivity and its impact on quality and reliability on Wafer-Level (WL) devices with regards to the issue of Die Edge Delamination (DED) and Chip Mechanical Integrity (CMI) is discussed. Through this discussion and the resulting solutions found to improve WL quality and reliability, better understanding on how to assess the quality and reliability of a given FoWLP solution for large scale production will be demonstrated.

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