scholarly journals Assessment of Operational Degradation of Pipeline Steels

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3247
Author(s):  
Hryhoriy Nykyforchyn ◽  
Olha Zvirko ◽  
Ihor Dzioba ◽  
Halyna Krechkovska ◽  
Myroslava Hredil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brittle Fracture ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Pipeline Steels ◽  
Environmentally Assisted Cracking ◽  
Combined Action ◽  
Operational Degradation ◽  
Condensed Moisture ◽  
Degradation Degree

This paper summarizes a series of the authors’ research in the field of assessing the operational degradation of oil and gas transit pipeline steels. Both mechanical and electrochemical properties of steels are deteriorated after operation, as is their resistance to environmentally-assisted cracking. The characteristics of resistance to brittle fracture and stress corrosion cracking decrease most intensively, which is associated with a development of in-bulk dissipated microdamages of the material. The most sensitive indicators of changes in the material’s state caused by degradation are impact toughness and fracture toughness by the J-integral method. The degradation degree of pipeline steels can also be evaluated nondestructively based on in-service changes in their polarization resistance and potential of the fracture surface. Attention is drawn to hydrogenation of a pipe wall from inside as a result of the electrochemical interaction of pipe metal with condensed moisture, which facilitates operational degradation of steel due to the combined action of operating stresses and hydrogen. The development of microdamages along steel texture was evidenced metallographically as a trend to the selective etching of boundaries between adjacent bands of ferrite and pearlite and fractographically by revealing brittle fracture elements on the fracture surfaces, namely delamination and cleavage, indicating the sites of cohesion weakening between ferrite and pearlite bands. The state of the X52 steel in its initial state and after use for 30 years was assessed based on the numerical simulation method.

scholarly journals Brittle fracture in a periodic structure with internal potential energy

2014 ◽  
Vol 470 (2165) ◽  
pp. 20130821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gennady S. Mishuris ◽  
Leonid I. Slepyan
Keyword(s):  
Brittle Fracture ◽  
Energy Level ◽  
Periodic Structure ◽  
Crack Path ◽  
The Body ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Combined Action ◽  
External Forces ◽  
Internal Potential ◽  
Discrete Transform

We consider a brittle fracture taking account of self-equilibrated distributed stresses existing at microlevel in the absence of external forces. To determine how the latter can affect the crack equilibrium and growth, a model of a structured linearly elastic body is introduced, consisting of two equal symmetrically arranged layers (or half-planes) connected by an interface as a prospective crack path. The interface comprises a discrete set of elastic bonds. In the initial state, the bonds are assumed to be stressed in such a way that tensile and compressive forces of the same value alternate. In the general considerations, the layers are assumed to be of an unspecified periodic structure, where such self-equilibrated stresses may also exist. A two-line chain and a lattice are examined as the specified structure. We consider the states of the body-with-a-crack under such microlevel stresses (MS) and under a combined action of the remote forces and MS. Analytical solutions to the considered problems are presented based on the introduction of a selective discrete transform. We demonstrate that MS can increase as well as decrease the crack resistance depending on the internal energy level. We also discuss different scenarios of the crack growth.

Numerical Simulation on Fatigue Life Assessment of Free Span for Submarine Pipeline

2015 ◽  
Vol 750 ◽  
pp. 153-159
Author(s):  
Jie Dong ◽  
Xue Dong Chen ◽  
Bing Wang ◽  
Wei He Guan ◽  
Tie Cheng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Life Assessment ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Submarine Pipeline ◽  
Fatigue Life Assessment ◽  
Harmonic Response Analysis

The upper and lower courses of sea oil and gas exploitationare connected by submarine pipeline which is called life line project. Free span often occurs because of the unevenness and scour of seabed, and fatigue is one of the main failure modes.In this paper, with the finite element numerical simulation method, based on the harmonic response analysis, the research on the structural response of free span under the vibration induced by vortex was investigated, and the effect of the factors such as flow velocity, length of free span. According to the analysis results,the fatigue life of free span was evaluated.

scholarly journals A Critical Review of Smart Manufacturing & Industry 4.0 Maturity Models: Applicability in the O&G Upstream Industry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinedu Onyeme ◽  
Kapila Liyanage
Keyword(s):  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Smart Manufacturing ◽  
Maturity Model ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Maturity Models

The shift towards Industry 4.0 is a fundamental driver of improved changes observed in today’s business organizations. The difficulties in adapting to this new approach pose challenges for many companies especially in the oil and gas (O&G) upstream sector. To make this path much feasible for companies in this industry, Maturity Models (MMs) are very useful tools in achieving this following their use in evaluation of the initial state of a company for planned development journey towards Industry 4.0 (I4.0) readiness and implementation. Study shows that only a limited number of O&G specific roadmaps, MMs, frameworks and readiness assessments are available today. This paper aims to review the currently available Industry 4.0 MMs for manufacturing industries and analyze their applicability in the O&G upstream sector using the systematic literature review (SLR) methodology, recognizing the specific requirements of this industry. The study looks at the key characteristic for O&G sector in relation to the manufacturing sector and identifies research gaps needed to be addressed to successfully support the O&G sector in readiness for Industry 4.0 implementation. An Industry 4.0 maturity model that reflects the industrial realities for the O&G upstream sector more accurately from insights drawn from the reviews of existing MMs is proposed. This reduces the challenges of the transition process towards Industry 4.0 and provides support for the critical change desired for improved efficiency in the sector.

Influence of Textures of Pipeline Steels after Operation on Their Brittle Fracture Resistance

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. I. Zvirko ◽  
N. V. Kret ◽  
O. T. Tsyrulnyk ◽  
T. P. Vengrynyuk
Keyword(s):  
Brittle Fracture ◽  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Pipeline Steels ◽  
Brittle Fracture Resistance

scholarly journals Technical solutions for working elements of machines for efficient compaction of soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 230 ◽  
pp. 01006
Author(s):  
Kazimir Glavatsky ◽  
Volodymyr Cherkudinov ◽  
Olexandr Posmitiuha
Keyword(s):  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Modular Units ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Combined Action ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Light Medium

The modernization of machines for compaction of soil on a modular basis has the following advantages: some of their structural elements (working equipment and working elements) can be performed as unified modular units, from which, depending on the technological requirements, it is possible to assemble the required configuration of the sealing machine; the initial state of the machine does not deteriorate, to which it is easy to return; the nomenclature of structural elements and machines in general decreases, as the machine can be completed with variable modules, which leads to an improvement in their quality. When consolidating the soil massive use static, dynamic and combined action on the soil in the form of rollers, vibro-and ramboards. Machines of the boottype are classified into light, medium and heavy, which determines the order of its application. It is obvious that the reduction of technology for the process of soil compaction is possible due to the creation of machines that can change the intensity of the impact on the soil in a wide range.

Improvement in Ovality of Pipeline Steel X80 with Weld Power under Multi-Wire SAW Welding Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 239-242 ◽  
pp. 1823-1831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Bo Li ◽  
Ming Hui Huang ◽  
Xin Jiang Lu
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Pipeline Steel ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Source Model ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
X80 Pipeline Steel ◽  
Wire Saw ◽  
Welding Processes

Pipeline steel X80 is a kind of advanced high grade steel and commonly used in long-distance transportation of oil and gas. Ovality of the pipe plays key role in improving its crushing strength. In this paper, a simulation method is proposed to improve the performance of ovality of X80 Pipeline Steel. First, a 3D thermo-mechanical coupled finite element model of the multi-wire SAW welding processes is built using MSC.MARC, upon which parameters of double ellipsoid heat source model is determined. Then, the relationship between weld power and ovality is studied under difference process inputs and a satisfactory weld power is found to decrease the ovality of the pipeline steel. Finally, validation and prediction of deformation and ovality of the pipeline is carried out via plate welding experiments.

scholarly journals Numerical Simulation of Fluctuating Wind Effects on an Offshore Deck Structure

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Ma ◽  
Dai Zhou ◽  
Zhaolong Han ◽  
Kai Zhang ◽  
Jennifer Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Parametric Design ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Offshore Structures ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Structural Dynamic ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
Wind Pressures ◽  
Fluctuating Wind

The offshore structures that play a vital role in oil and gas extraction are always under complicated environmental conditions such as the random wind loads. The structural dynamic response under the harsh wind is still an important issue for the safety and reliable design of offshore structures. This study conducts an investigation to analyze the wind-induced structural response of a typical offshore deck structure. An accurate and efficient mixture simulation method is developed to simulate the fluctuating wind speed, which is then introduced as the boundary condition into numerical wind tunnel tests. Large eddy simulation (LES) is utilized to obtain the time series of wind pressures on the structural surfaces and to determine the worst working condition. Finally, the wind-induced structural responses are calculated by ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL). The numerically predicted wind pressures are found to be consistent with the existing experimental data, demonstrating the feasibility of the proposed methods. The wind-induced displacements have the certain periodicity and change steadily. The stresses at the top of the derrick and connections between deck and derrick are relatively larger. These methods as well as the numerical examples are expected to provide references for the wind-resistant design of the offshore structures.

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