scholarly journals Cost, Draping, Material and Partitioning Optimization of a Composite Rail Vehicle Structure

Materials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 449
Author(s):  
Daniel Lang ◽  
Donald W. Radford
Keyword(s):  
Topology Optimization ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Design Concept ◽  
Structural Defects ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Vehicle Structure ◽  
Draping Simulation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Control Designs

This study proposes a novel methodology to combine topology optimization and ply draping simulation to partition composite structures, improve structural performance, select materials, and enable more accurate representations of cost- and weight-efficient manufacturable designs. The proposed methodology is applied to a structure as a case study to verify that the methodology is effective. One design concept is created by subjecting the structure to a kinematic ply draping simulation to inform the partitioning of the structure, improve drapability and performance, and reduce structural defects. A second design concept is created that assumes that plies are draped over the entire structural geometry, forming an integral design. The two design concepts’ topologies are subsequently optimized to specify ideal material and ply geometries to minimize mass and reduce costs. The results indicate that the partitioned structure has a 19% lower mass and 15% lower material costs than the integral design. The two designs produced with the new methodology are also compared against two control designs created to emulate previously published methodologies that have not incorporated ply draping simulations. This demonstrates that neglecting the effects of ply draping produces topology optimization solutions that under-predict the mass of a structure by 26% and costs by 38%.

Exploiting Critical Path Method for Evaluation of Conceptual Design

2010 ◽  
Vol 97-101 ◽  
pp. 4429-4432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Yan Wang ◽  
Lian Guan Shen ◽  
Yi Min Deng
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Critical Path ◽  
Design Concept ◽  
Design Evaluation ◽  
Critical Path Method ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Critical Design ◽  
Concept Evaluation ◽  
Design Requirements

Conceptual design is a critical design phase during which initial design solutions, called design concepts, are developed. These design concepts must be evaluated to ensure they satisfy the specified design requirements and the most appropriate design concept must be selected. It is often difficult for the designer, especially for the novice, to make an appropriate design concept evaluation and selection. Existing work on design evaluation lacks an effective tool for evaluating the temporal performance of the design concepts. To address this problem, a Critical Path Method (CPM) from project management is adapted for design evaluation, whereby a CPM network is converted from a causal behavioral process (CBP) and the methodologies relating to CPM are also applied to design improvement. A case study of a lever-clamp assembly system is also presented to illustrate as well as validate the method.

The Seattle Harbor Craft: A Case Study of the Design Process

1984 ◽  
Vol 21 (01) ◽  
pp. 49-63
Author(s):  
Paul A. Gow ◽  
Edward C. Hagemann
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Parametric Study ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Fire Fighting ◽  
Design Concept ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Materials Selection ◽  
Rescue Mission ◽  
And Performance

This paper describes steps in the design process of a high-speed fireboat for Seattle Harbor. The principal requirements that controlled the design concept are outlined along with a parametric study that was performed to identify the optimum hull size. The arrangements, structure, materials selection, and machinery are described as well as the boat's fire fighting/rescue mission and performance characteristics.

scholarly journals Renovating an Old Building for Cultural Use: A Study in Unreinforced Masonry

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Ebeltoft ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Unreinforced Masonry ◽  
Structural Defects ◽  
Masonry Walls ◽  
Masonry Building ◽  
Central Cities ◽  
Cultural Arts ◽  
User Groups ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Unreinforced Masonry Building

This paper examines the issue of renovation of buildings in the urban fabric of older central cities. It does so with a the case study of one such building. The building under study is a church that was originally constructed in the early 1900's and was in use into the eighties. Since then, building has been abandoned and fallen into disrepair. The building was renovated for use as a cultural arts and performance center for small user groups. It was an unreinforced masonry building with many structural defects that had to be overcome before any use could be made of the structure. The foundations in the basement were badly deteriorating. It had high spaces with tall unreinforced masonry walls and a truss roof that was in distress.

Robust Optimization Exploration Using NURBs-Based Metamodeling Techniques

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Steuben ◽  
Cameron J. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Robust Optimization ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Test Functions ◽  
B Splines ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Robustness Metrics

Non-uniform rational B-splines (NURBs) demonstrate properties that are highly conductive to performing metamodeling for engineering design purposes. Previous research has resulted in the development of algorithms capable of fitting NURBs metamodels to design spaces of many input variables and performance indicies, and performing various discreet optimizations upon these metamodels. In the present research we expand upon this basis by illustrating the development of robust optimization algorithms that leverages the unique properties of NURBs metamodels. This optimization is conducted in a general fashion by considering both optimality and various robustness metrics as global or local model properties, and illustrates the tradeoffs between them using a novel graphical approach. The appeal of this approach is demonstrated by a series of test functions of one performance index and one or two performance indicies. A case study in designing composite structures of specific stiffness, of four and five design variables, follows. We proceed to discuss the future of NURBs metamodeling techniques and the potential for considering model properties besides optimality and robustness during optimization.

Application of Topology Optimization and Design for Additive Manufacturing Guidelines on an Automotive Component

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sai Nithin Reddy K. ◽  
Vincent Maranan ◽  
Timothy W. Simpson ◽  
Todd Palmer ◽  
Corey J. Dickman
Keyword(s):  
Topology Optimization ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Optimized Design ◽  
Design For Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Costs ◽  
Cost Structures ◽  
And Performance

Topology optimization is a well-established engineering practice to optimize the design and layout of parts to create lightweight and low-cost structures, which have historically been difficult, or impossible, to make. Additive Manufacturing (AM) provides the freedom to fabricate the complex and organic shapes that topology optimization often generates. In this paper we use topology optimization to create lightweight designs while conforming to additive manufacturing constraints related to overhanging features and unsupported surfaces when using metallic materials. More specifically, we use design for additive manufacturing (DfAM) rules along with topology optimization to study the tradeoffs between the weight of the part, support requirements, manufacturing costs, and performance. The case study entails redesigning an upright on the SAE Formula student racecar to reduce support structures and manufacturing and material cost when using Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS). Manufacturing the optimized design without applying DfAM rules required support material up to 202.4% of the volume of the model. Using DfAM, the upright is redesigned and manufactured with supports requiring less than 15% of the volume of the model. The results demonstrate the challenges in achieving a balance between weight reduction, manufacturing costs, and factor of safety of the design.

scholarly journals Exploring Trade-Offs between Specialized Dataflow Kernels and a Reusable Overlay in a Stereo Matching Case Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Kenter ◽  
Henning Schmitz ◽  
Christian Plessl
Keyword(s):  
Stereo Matching ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Implementation Approach ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Hardware Platforms ◽  
Spatial Programming

FPGAs are known to permit huge gains in performance and efficiency for suitable applications but still require reduced design efforts and shorter development cycles for wider adoption. In this work, we compare the resulting performance of two design concepts that in different ways promise such increased productivity. As common starting point, we employ a kernel-centric design approach, where computational hotspots in an application are identified and individually accelerated on FPGA. By means of a complex stereo matching application, we evaluate two fundamentally different design philosophies and approaches for implementing the required kernels on FPGAs. In the first implementation approach, we designed individually specialized data flow kernels in a spatial programming language for a Maxeler FPGA platform; in the alternative design approach, we target a vector coprocessor with large vector lengths, which is implemented as a form of programmable overlay on the application FPGAs of a Convey HC-1. We assess both approaches in terms of overall system performance, raw kernel performance, and performance relative to invested resources. After compensating for the effects of the underlying hardware platforms, the specialized dataflow kernels on the Maxeler platform are around 3x faster than kernels executing on the Convey vector coprocessor. In our concrete scenario, due to trade-offs between reconfiguration overheads and exposed parallelism, the advantage of specialized dataflow kernels is reduced to around 2.5x.

Theoretizing A New Sustainable Business Event: Extension of Mair and Jago Model

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Norol Hamiza Zamzuri ◽  
Khairil Wahidin Awang ◽  
Yuhanis Abdul Aziz ◽  
Zaiton Samdin
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Sustainable Business ◽  
Knowledge Resources ◽  
Business Events ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Event Based

The growth of the event sector is underpinned by the demand of organizing a business event.  Thus, it leads to an increase in economic and social impact. However, the problems from the growth of this sector potentially results from the use of several event materials, transportation and infrastructure development.  Organizing a green event is seen as one of the strategies to reduce the environmental impact.  Therefore, the aim of this paper is to explore the issues involved throughout the process of greening an event by applying Mair and Jago Model.  Semi-structured interviews were conducted with event managers from six Malaysia business event companies that encourage green practices during their event.  Findings suggest that impact, initiative, support and performance motivates event organizers in organizing a green event.  It has also been found that knowledge, resources and behaviour are the barriers faced by event organizers throughout the process of organizing a green event.  Based on the findings it appears that two important factors have emerged from the data collection and analysis that showed a deviation from the Mair and Jago Model, namely “impact” for the motivation element and “support” for the barrier element.  The main limitation of this study was the scope of the study; as it only focuses on business events.  However, as the main purpose of this study is to explore the issues of organizing a green event, it has been found that there are other issues need to be explored in other contexts and geographical area.  Apart from this, as this is a case study, it can only replicate according to the circumstances of this case study. However, this study can be generalized in terms of the theory that has emerged from it.  It is suggested that further research should explore more issues in other contexts and geographical areas. 

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